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panions have been treated according to their deserts, and that they have only to improve their own conduct in order to stand as high as their fellow-scholars in the opinion of their teachers.

It is quite different with favour shown to particular scholars, out of mere partiality and without due respect to the merits of individual children. Favouritism is injurious to the teacher, to those scholars who are the objects of it, and to those who are not the objects of it.

It warps the judgment of the teacher, causing her to act unjustly, towards particular scholars, and gives to mere favourites the marks of approval which properly belong to industry and good conduct.. Thus one of the principal forces at the disposal of the teacher is wrongly applied, to the great detriment of her educational work.

Scholars who are the objects of favouritism are apt to become. conceited by observing that they are more highly thought of than their fellows. They are likely to be idle in their lessons, ill-behaved in school and in the streets, and domineering over their comrades because they believe that the faults for which their companions would be punished will be overlooked when committed by themselves.

When favouritism exists in a school, those children who are not the objects of it are sorely discouraged, because they feel that they are the victims of injustice, and that it is useless for them to aim at obtaining the approval of their teacher by honourable means. Seeing the idle and the ill-behaved gain marks of favour which ought to have been bestowed on better scholars, they are strongly tempted to neglect their lessons, and to discontinue a right course of conduct when they find that it is not appreciated. They become envious and jealous of their less-deserving but more fortunate companions, and thus feelings of malice and hatred are implanted in their hearts, to the lasting injury of their dispositions and characters.

[Note.-Every candidate was required to perform the exercise in Composition.]

Then three passages were given-one from Scott's "Lady of the Lake," Canto I.; another from Heber's "Palestine;" and a third from Goldsmith's "Traveller." Questions were to be answered on only one of the passages. We select that from Scott's "Lady of the Lake."

"The stranger viewed the shore around,
'Twas all so close with copsewood bound,
Nor track nor pathway might declare
That human foot frequented there,
Until the mountain maiden showed
A clambering, unsuspected road,

That winded through the tangled screen,
And opened on a narrow green,

Where weeping birch and willow round,
With their long fibres swept the ground.
Here, for retreat in dangerous hour,

Some chief had framed a rustic bower."

SCOTT: "Lady of the Lake," Canto I. 1. "Express in simple prose the above passage."

The visitor looked along the margin of the island; but it presented everywhere such a tangled mass of brushwood that he could not discern any road or other indication that the shore was ever trodden by human footsteps, till the highland girl pointed out a half-hidden and precipitous path, which wound through the thick coppice and led to a small grass plot, where long, slender branches of the birch and the willow fell drooping on the ground. In this spot some chief had constructed a secluded arbour as a place of refuge in time of peril.

2.

Analyse the passage, and parse the words in italics."

SENTENCE.

(a) The

viewed the

Extension

Connec

Kind. Subject. Predicate. Object. of tives.

Principal The viewed the

stranger sentence

[blocks in formation]

Predicate.

[blocks in formation]
[blocks in formation]

Around The exact force of this word is not clear.

It may

be either (a) a preposition, governing "island"
understood; (b) an adverb, qualifying "viewed;"
or (c) an adjective, equivalent to "surrounding,"
and qualifying "shore."

all Quantitative adjective, qualifying "it."
so Adverb of degree, qualifying "close."

close Adjective used as an adverb, qualifying "bound."
nor Copulative conjunction, equivalent to "neither," and
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correlative with
nor."

unsuspected Participial adjective, qualifying "road."

that Relative pronoun, equivalent to "which," 3rd pers., sing. num., neut. gen., nom. to "winded."

round Adverb of manner, qualifying "growing," or "standing" understood.

swept Irreg. trans. verb, past tense, indic. mood, 3rd pers., plur. num., agreeing with its nom. "birch" and "willow.”

PUPIL TEACHERS' EXAMINATION PAPERS.

FEBRUARY, 1881.

(With Answers to Mathematics.)
CANDIDATES.

Arithmetic.-MALES.-I. What should be given for 5 cwt. 3 qrs. 10 lbs. of tea, when 59 lbs. are worth £10 8s. 3d.?

2. Ascertain, by Practice, the value of 2,897 articles, at £2 12s. 91d. each.

3. Find the cost of draining a field of 58 ac. 2 ro., when a field of 2 ro. 24 po. cost £3 3s. 6d.

4. What is the dividend on £4,975 at 3s. 4 d. in the £? and what is the cost of 5,783 articles at £14 9s. 6d. each? Add the two sums together?

5. Find the value of a piece of mahogany 18 feet long, I ft. 9 in. deep, and I ft. 4 in. wide, at 2s. 94d. per cubic foot.

Answers.(1) £114 10s. 9d. (2) £7,643 175. 14d. (3) £285 15s. (4) £839 10s. 7 d. + £83,720 19s. 5d. £84,560 10s. Id. (5) £5 17s. 3d.

=

FEMALES.-I. Make out a bill for the following :— 15 gross of penholders at 94d. per doz.

45 doz. of inkstands at 3s. 6d. each.

75 reams of blotting paper at 10d. per quire. 510 reams of scribbling paper at 9d. per quire. gross of pencils at Is. ind. per doz.

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90 doz. of penknives at is. 44d. each.

2. Find the cost of 613,882 articles at £17 3s. 1§d. each. 3. Find the value of 1,4923 cwt. at £15 18s. 6d. per cwt.

4. What will be the price of 189 yds. o ft. 11 in. of silk at 5s. 34d. per yard?

Answers.-(1) £7 2s. 6d. + £94 10s. +£62 10s. + £382 10s. + £40 10s. + £74 5s. = £661 7s. 6d. (2) £10,531,913 is. 3d. (3) £23,774 os. 8d. (4) £49 175. 91.

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Grammar.-1. Point out and parse all verbs and adjectives in the following :—

""Tis sweet to hear the sheep-dog's honest bark,

Bay deep-mouthed welcome as we near our home;

'Tis sweet to know there is an eye will mark

Our coming, and look brighter when we come."—Byron.

2. The imperative mood can only be used, strictly speaking, in the second person. Why is this? How is an imperative expressed with the first and third person?

3. When is the plural of nouns formed by simply adding s? In what cases must es be added? Give examples.

Geography.-1. Mention the different names applied to inlets and narrow passages of water on the coast of Great Britain, and give an example of the use of each of them.

2. In what parts of Ireland are the counties of Mayo, Donegal, and Wicklow? Say what you know about each of them.

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3. Explain the following statement, and show that it is true :There is a striking difference between the mountains of the Pennine Chain, and those of the Cumbrian Group, in almost every respect-in their general appearance, in the character of their scenery, the number and size of their lakes and rivers, besides the great difference which is expressed by the words Chain and Group." Penmanship.-Write, in large hand, as a specimen of copysetting, the word Sheriffdom.

Write, in small hand, as a specimen of copy-setting, “If son to Talbot, die at Talbot's foot."

Dictation.-"In summer, the deep bays on the coast of Norway glitter with golden sunshine; | and purple and green shadows from the mountain and forest lie on them; and these may be more lovely than the faint light of the winter noons of these latitudes, and the snowy pictures of frozen peaks | which then show themselves on the surface: | but before the day is half over, out come the stars, |—the glorious stars, | which shine like nothing that we have ever seen. There the planets cast a faint shadow, as the young moon does with us, and these planets, and the constellations of the sky, | are imaged clearly on the waters."

FIRST YEAR.

Arithmetic.-MALES.—1. Express £1 4s. 10ĝd. as the decimal of £3 19s. 8d.

2. Add together 2ğ acres, 73 roods, §§ poles, and 25 yards, and find the value of the whole at 5'25 shillings per square yard.

3. Subtract 11s. 9d. from the sum of of a guinea, £§, and of 5s., and express the result as the fraction, vulgar and decimal, of £1 55.

4. What (improper) fraction taken from 39 of will leave 'oog? 5. Find the value of 2425 of 5 cwt. 3 qrs. 16 lbs., at £5 per ton. Answer to decimals of a penny.

Answers. (1) 3125. (2) £5,758 10s. 6d. (3) 0416, or 14. (4) 5178. (5) £3 11s. 5410714285d.

FEMALES.-I. A bankrupt's debts amount to £2,000, and his property to £775; what will each of his creditors lose in the pound?

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