from his infancy, and sixteen dramatic pieces of his were acted between 1653 and 1666. He also studied the law, and made a fortune by marrying a rich widow. He died in 1688, after having enjoyed a handsome pension from Louis XIV. for many years. QUINCE, n. s. Fr. coin; Teut. quidden, from Cydon, in Crete. A tree and its fruit. See below. They call for dates and quinces in the pastry. Shakspeare. A quince, in token of fruitfulness, by the laws of Solon, was given to the brides of Athens upon the day of their marriage. Peacham on Drawing. The quince tree is of a low stature; the branches are diffused and crooked; the flower and fruit is like that of the pear tree; but, however cultivated, the fruit is sour and astringent, and is covered with a kind of down of this the species are six. Miller. : QUINCE, in botany. See PYRUS. QUINCH, v.a. The same with QUECK, which see. To stir; flounce; as in resentment or pain. Bestow all my soldiers in such sort as I have, that no part of all that realm shall be able to dare to quinch Spectator. QUIN'CUNX, n. s. Lat. quincunx. A mode of planting trees, whereby they are disposed in a square, consisting of five trees, one at each corner, and a fifth in the middle, repeated; so that viewed through an angle of the square or parallelogram, they represent equal or parallel alleys. Brown produces several examples in his discourses about the quincunx. Ray on the Creation. Of a pentagon or quincuncial disposition, Sir Thomas Browne produces several examples in his discourses about the quincunx. Id. He whose lightning pierced the Iberian lines, Now forms my quincunx, and now ranks my vines. Pope. QUINCY, a post-town of Norfolk county, Massachusetts, eight miles south of Boston. It is a pleasant town, and contains a Congregational and an Episcopal church. The inhabitants are mostly employed in agriculture, but large quantities of boots and shoes are manufactured here. This town is famous for being the residence of the honorable John Adams, late president of the United States. QUINDECEMVIRI, in Roman antiquity, a college of fifteen magistrates, whose business it was to preside over the sacrifices. They were also the interpreters of the Sybil's books; which, however, they never consulted but by an express order of the senate. QUINDIU, a high and craggy range of mountains of South America, in the province of Popayan, Colombia. By these mountains there is a passage from the provinces of Popayan to Santa Fe, considered as one of the most difficult in the Andes. In the finest season it cannot be traversed in less than ten or twelve days, and consists chiefly of a thick uninhabited forest. Not even a hut is to be seen, nor are any means of subsistence to be found. Travellers always furnish themselves with a month's provisions, since it often happens that, by the melting of the snows, they can descend neither on the side of Carthago, nor that of Ibague. The highest point, the Garito del Paramo, is 11,489 feet above the level of the sea. The pathway, which forms the passage of the Cordillera, is only twelve or sixteen feet in breadth, and has the appearance in several places of an artificial gallery. See POPAYAN. Humboldt and Bonpland traversed this mountain in October 1801, followed by twelve oxen, which carried their collections and instruments, amidst a deluge of rain. QUININA, or QUININE, in chemistry, a vegetable alkali, obtained from pale cinchona (bark), bark is boiled in about a gallon of water, to by the following process:-A pound of bruised which three fluid drachms of sulphuric acid have A similar decoction is been previously added. repeated with about half the quantity of liquid, and so on till all the soluble matter is extracted. The decoctions are then mixed together, and strained; and powdered slaked lime is added in a proportion somewhat greater than necessary to saturate the acid; the precipitate that ensues (a mixture of quinine and sulphate of lime), is collected, dried, and boiled for some minutes in strong alcohol, which is then decanted off, while still hot, and fresh portions successively added for the repetition of the same operation, until it ceases to act on the residuum, which is then merely sulphate of lime. The different alcoholic solutions are then put into a retort or still, and considerably evaporated, during which, and especially on cooling, transparent plates of quinine are deposited. It is very insoluble in water, and its taste is very bitter. It unites with the acids, forming crystallisable salts. The sulphate is of a dull white color, silky and flexible: it is, like the alkali, soluble in alcohol; it burns away without leaving any residuum. According to Mons. Pelletier and Caventou, it is composed of Quinine Sulphuric acid 100 10.9147 but M. Baup describes a crystallised sulphate as well as a super-sulphate. The first consists of Quinine 1 prime Sulphuric acid Water 1 45 5 4.5 54.5 The acetate is remarkable for the manner in which it crystallises. Its crystals are flat needles, of a pearly lustre, grouped in silky bundles, or in stars. Quinine is very soluble in ether. The sulphate of quinine, in doses of from six to twelve grains, has been found an effectual remedy against intermittent fevers. It is said that the red or yellow bark yields the most febrifuge quinine. Quinine affords a large quantity of ammonia, when subjected to destructive distillation, and consequently contains azote as one of its ele ments. Analysed by Mr. Brande, it afforded, in 100 parts, Carbon Azote Hydrogen Oxygen QUINQUAGES'IMA, Latin quinquagesima. A Sunday, so called because it is the fiftieth day before Easter, reckoned by whole numbers: Shrove Sunday. QUINQUANGULAR, adj. Lat. quinque and angulus. Having five corners. Woodward. Each talus, environed with a crust, conforming itself to the sides of the talus, is of a figure quinquangular. Exactly round, ordinately quinquangular, or having the sides parallel. More's Antidote against Atheism. QUINQUARTICULAR, adj. Latin quinque and articulus. Consisting of five articles. They have given an end to the quinquarticular controversy, for none have since undertaken to say more. Sanderson. QUINQUATRIA, or QUINQUATRUS, was a festival kept at Rome in honor of Minerva, which began on the 18th of March, or, as others will have it, on the 19th, and lasted five days. On the first day they offered sacrifices and oblations without the effusion of blood; the second, third, and fourth, were spent in shows of gladiators; and on the fifth day they went in procession through the city. Scholars had a vacation during the solemnity, and presented their masters at this time with a gift or fee called Minerval. Boys and girls used to pray to the goddess Minerva for wisdom and learning, of which she had the patronage. Plays were acted, and disputations held, at this feast, on the subjects of polite literature. The quinquatria were so called because they lasted five days. There seems to be a strong resemblance betwixt this festival and the Panathenæa of the Greeks. QUINQUENNALIS, in Roman antiquity, a magistrate in the colonies and municipal cities of that empire, who had much the same office as the ædile at Rome. QUINQUEREMIS, in the naval architecture of the ancients, a name given to a galley which had five rows of oars. They divided their vessels in general into monocrota, and polycrota. The former had only one tire of rowers; the latter had several tires of them. The quinqueremes of the ancients had 420 men in each; 300 of whom were rowers, and the rest soldiers. QUINQUEVIRI, in Roman antiquity, an order of five priests, peculiarly appointed for the sacrifices to the dead, or celebrating the rites of Erebus. QUIN'SY, n.s. Corrupted from SQUINANCY, which see. A tumid inflammation in the throat, which sometimes produces suffocation. VOL. XVIII. Is but a quintain, a mere lifeless block. Shakspeare. by the common people in the days of chivalry, to QUINTAINE, QUINTIN, an instrument used tilt against. It consisted of an upright post, on the top of which a cross-post turned upon a pivot; at one end of the cross-post was a broad board, and at the other a bag of sand. The practice was to ride against the board with a lance, and at such speed as to pass by before the sandbag could strike the tilter on the back. QUINTANA, in Roman antiquity, the fifth gate of the Roman camps, which were generally square, and had four other principal gates. The quintana was near the questorium. The soldiers were here instructed in the discipline of the Palaria. Upon the irruption of the Istri into the Roman camps, which they plundered, Livy says, Ad Questorium forum quintanamque per venerunt.' QUINTE, a bay and harbour on Lake Ontario, to the westward of Kingston. It is formed between the irregular peninsula of prince Edward county on the south, and the mainland of the midland district on the north. The length, through the various crooked turns it makes, is little short of fifty miles, but its breadth only between six and twelve miles. The isthmus formed between it and Lake Ontario, in the township of Murray, is not more than three furlongs broad. This inlet affords to vessels safe shelter from the heavy gales frequently of the lake. QUINTESSENCE, n. s. Į Lat. quinta esQUINTESSENTIAL, adj. S sentia. A fifth being; see the extract from Watts; extract containing all the virtues of any thing, the adjective corresponding. To me what is this quintessence of dust? man delights not me, nor woman neither. Shakspeare. From their gross matter she abstracts the forms, And draws a kind of quintessence from things. Davies. he made very uncommon progress. He was a best known picture is that of the Two Misers in diligent and careful imitator of ordinary life. His the gallery at Windsor. He died in 1529. Paracelsus, by the help of an intense cold, teaches to separate the quintessence of wine. Boyle. When the supreme faculties move regularly, the inferior passions and affections following, there arises a serenity and complacency upon the whole soul, infinitely beyond the greatest bodily pleasures, the highest quintessence and elixir of worldly delights. South. They made fire, air, earth and water, to be the four elements, of which all earthly things were compounded, and supposed the heavens to be a quintes sence or fifth sort of body distinct from all these. Watts's Logick. QUINTILE, in astronomy, an aspect of the planets when they are 72° distant from one another, or a fifth part of the zodiac. QUINTILIANS, a sect of ancient heretics, thus called from their prophetess Quintilia. In this sect the women were admitted to perform the sacerdotal and episcopal functions. They attributed extraordinary gifts to Eve, for having first eaten of the tree of knowledge. They added that Philip's four daughters, who were all prophetesses, were of their sect. In these assemblies the virgins entered in white robes, personating prophetesses. QUINTILIANUS, the father of the celebrated orator Marcus Quintilianus, was also an orator, and wrote many declamations. Ugolin of Parma published the first 136 in the fifteenth century; nine others were published in 1563 by Peter Ayrault, and afterwards by Peter Pithou in 1580. There have also been nineteen other declamations printed under the name of Quintilian the orator; but, in the opinion of Vossius, they were written neither by that orator nor his grandfather. QUINTILIANUS (Marcus Fabius), a celebrated Latin orator, and the first critic of his age, was a native of Calagurris, or Calahorra, in Spain; and was the disciple of Domitius Afe, who died A. D. 59. He taught rhetoric at Rome for twenty years with great applause, and practised at the bar. Some imagine, with but little foundation, that he was consul; but it is certain that he as preceptor to the grandsons of Domitian's ister. There is still extant his excellent work, ntitled Institutiones Oratoriæ, which is a treatise on rhetoric, in twelve books, justly admired. The work was found by Poggius in an old tower. There is also attributed to Quintilian a dialogue De Causis corruptæ Eloquentiæ; but it is more commonly ascribed to Tacitus. QUINTIN, or QUINTAIN, n. s. Fr. quintaine. 'I know not whence derived.' Johnson.-Minshew deduces it from Lat. quintus, and calls it a game celebrated every fifth year. Others trace it to Syr. chanet; Gr. xovros; which produced Lat. conto quintana. A tilting game. See QUINTAIN. At quintin he, In honour of his bridaltee, Hath challenged either wide countee And each one nath his livery. Ben Jonson. QUINTIN MATSYS, also called the farrier of Antwerp, had been a blacksmith nearly twenty years; when, falling in love with a painter's daughter, who was very handsome, and disliked his trade, he betook himself to painting, in which skil in horticulture, born at Poictiers in 1626. QUINTINIE (John De la), celebrated for his He was brought up to the law; and acquitted himself so well at the bar as to acquire the es‐ teem of the chief magistrate. M. Tamboneau, president of the chamber of accounts, engaged him to undertake the preceptorship of his only son, which Quintinie executed to his satisfaction employing his leisure hours in the study of writers on agriculture. He gained fresh information with regard to his favorite pursuit by attending his pupil to Italy; for, all the gardens about Rome being open to him, he failed not to add practice to his theory. On his return to Paris M. Tamboneau gave up the management of his garden entirely to him; and Quintinie applied so closely to it that he became famous all over France. Louis XIV. erected a new office purposely for him, that of director of the royal fruit and kitchen gardens; and these gardens, while he lived, were the admiration of the curious. He twice visited London, and a paper of his was published in the Philosophical Transactions, on the culture of melons. In 1690 he published 'Instructions pour les Jardins Fruitiers et Potagers,' which obtained great popularity, was frequently reprinted, and was translated into several modern languages. The last edition was the Parfait Jardinier,' in 2 vols. 4to. The author died at Paris in the year 1700. QUINTIUS FLAMININIUS, (Titus), a celebrated Roman general, who was consul A. U. C. 554. He acquired much military experience in the war against Hannibal; and was afterwards sent against Philip V. of Macedon, whom he totally defeated on the confines of Epirus, and made all Locris, Phocis, and Thessaly, tributary to Rome. Yet he not only granted peace to Philip, but proclaimed all Greece free and independent at the Isthmian games. This step rendered him very popular among the Greeks, and paved the way for the universal dominion of the Romans. He was afterwards sent to Prusias, king of Bithynia; who had given refuge to Hannibal, and by his address prevailed on the monarch to desert the greatest man of that age. Flaminius died suddenly. QUIʼNTUPLE, adj. Lat. quintuplus. Five fold. tality, one hundred and fifty-six, is above quintuple In the country, the greatest proportion of mor unto twenty-eight the least. Graunt's Bills of Mortality. QUINTUS CALABER, a Greek poet, who wrote a large supplement to Homer's Iliad, in fourteen books, in which a relation is given of the Trojan war from the death of Hector to the destruction of Troy. He is supposed to have lived in the fifth century, but nothing certain can be collected either of his person or country. His poem was first made known by Cardinal Bessarion, who discovered it in St. Nicholas's church, near Otranto, in Calabria; whence the author lished at Venice by Aldus. was name Quintus Calaber. It was first pub QUIP, n. 5. From WHIP, to clean by rub- celebrated on the 13th of the calends of March, bing, which see. A sharp jest; sarcasm. our 17th of February. Notwithstanding all her sudden quips, The least whereof would quell a lover's hope, Yet, spaniel like, the more she spurns my love, The more it grows and fawneth on her still. Nymph, bring with thee Jest and youthful jollity, Shakspeare. Quips, and cranks, and wanton wiles, So did not Paul. Direct me to a quip Milton. Cowper. QUIRE, n. s. & v. n. Į The trees did bud and early blossoms bore, Myself have limed a bush for her, Shakspeare. There's not the smallest orb which thou beholdest Id. Not all the buckets in a country quire fitted quire, All hand in hand do decently advance, dance. Cowley. At thy nativity a glorious quire The coy quiristers, that lodge within Are prodigal of harmony. Thomson's Spring. QUIRE, n.s. Fr. quagur, cahir; Ital. quaderno; Lat. quaternio. A bundle of paper containing twenty-four sheets. This operation is called parting, and is repeated two or three times for the best papers. The paper is now counted into quires, folded and packed up into reams for market. Rees's Cyclopedia. QUIRIA, a province of Immeretia, in Asia, on the shores of the Black Sea. It would appear to have been formerly flourishing. The residence of the prince is Titi Zighe, on the sea coast. The only considerable river is called Boas, passable for mules; but it is the custom for those who can afford it to be carried on men's backs, in a chair. Lat. 4° 36′ N. QUIRINALIA, in antiquity, a feast celebrated among the Romans in honor of Romulus. It was also called stultorum feriæ, and was QUIRINI (Angelo Maria), a learned cardinal, born in Venice in 1684. He was eminent as a philologer, historian, and antiquary. He was promoted to the cardinalate by Benedict XIII. He was a member of almost all the learned societies in Europe; and wrote a great number of works. He died in 1755, and left his valuable library to the Vatican; to which an additional room was built to admit it. QUIRINUS, the name given to Romulus after his deification. QUIRITES, in Roman antiquity. In con- I've felt so many quirks of joy and grief, Shakspeare. Some kind of men quarrel purposely on others to taste their valor; belike, this is a man of that quirk. Id. I may chance to have some odd quirks and rem. nants of wit broken on me. Id. Most fortunately he hath achieved a maid, That paragons description and wild fame, One that excels the quirks of blazoning pens. Id. Let a lawyer tell them he has spied some defect in an entail; how solicitous are they to repair that error, and leave nothing to the mercy of a law quirk! Decay of Piety. There are a thousand quirks to avoid the stroke of the law. L'Estrange's Fables. Now the chapel's silver bell you hear, That summons you to all the pride of prayer; Light quirks of music, broken and uneven. Pope. Conceits, puns, quirks, or quibbles, jests and repartees may agreeably entertain, but have no place in the search after truth. Watts on the Mind. QUISQUALIS, in botany, a genus of the monogynia order, and decandria class of plants; natural order thirty-first, veprecule. CAL. quinquefid and filiform; petals five; FRUIT, a quinqueangular plum. One species only, viz. Q. Indica, a native of the Molucca Isles. QUIT, v. a. QUIT-RENT, n. s. QUITTANCE, n. s. & v. a.. Fr. quitter; Ital. quetare, quietare; barb. Lat. quittare. They are the best corn to grow on grounds subject to quitchgrass or other weeds. Mortimer's Husbandry. QUITE, adv. From QUIT. Completely; perfectly; thoroughly. He hath sold us, and quite devoured our money. Genesis xxxi. Those latter exclude not the former quite and clean as unnecessary. Hooker. If some foreign ideas will offer themselves, reject them, and hinder them from running away with our thoughts quite from the subject in hand. Locke. The same actions may be aimed at different ends,, and arise from quite contrary principles. Addison. QUITO, a presidency of Colombia, was originally an independent country, which remained distinct from all the neighbouring states, until a short time previous to the conquest of Peru by Francisco Pizarro; but its limits were not then exactly the same as at present. It is now bounded by Santa Fé on the north; on the east it extends to Maynas, Macas, and Quixos, which reach to the Portuguese frontiers; on the west the Great Pacific washes it from the gulf of Puna to the government of Atacames; and on the south the kingdom of Peru forms its boundary. Its length from north to south is about 600 miles, while its breadth exceeds 1800. The chain of the Andes which pervades Quito, after having been divided near Popayan into three branches, unites in the district of Pastos, and stretches far beyond the equator. Its most lofty summits form two lines, separated by a series of valleys, from 10,600 to 13,900 feet in height, as far as the 3° of S. lat., in which the chief towns of Quito are situated. On the west side of this vale or plain rise the mountains of Casitagua, Pichincha, Atacazo, Corazon, Ilinissa, Carguirazo, Chimborazo, and Cunamhay; and on the east are the peaks of Cayambe, Guamani, Antisana, Passuchoa, Ruminari, Cotopaxi, Quelendama, Tunguragua, and cape Urcu, or the Altar-all of which, excepting three or four, are higher than Mont Blanc, but on account of the great elevation of the plain on which they rest, their appearance is not so lofty as may be imagined; the summit of Chimborazo, |