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pointed chaplain to admiral Barrington, and afterwards to admiral Rodney; under both of whom he was present at several engagements. After this he took his farewell of St. Christopher's, resigned his benefices, and returned to England in 1781; where he republished his Essay above-mentioned. He died July 20th 1789, in his friend Sir C. Middleton's house; leaving a widow and three daughters. He published also at an early period, An Essay on the Duty and Qualifications of a Sea Officer; 2. A Treatise on Signals; and 3. A volume of Sea Sermons. The profits of these works he devoted to the Magdalen and British lying in hospitals, and the marine society.

RAMSAY (David), an American physician and historical writer, was a native of Charlestown, South Carolina, and engaged in the practice of medicine at the place of his birth. He was a member of the congress of the United States from 1782 till 1785. Having gone to visit the patients in a lunatic asylum, in 1815, he was unfortunately killed by one of the insane inmates.' Dr. Ramsay was the author of A History of the American Revolution, so far as respects the State of South Carolina, 1791, 2 vols. 8vo; The Life of George Washington, 1807, 8vo. A Discourse delivered on the Anniversary of American Independence, 1800; and, A View of the Improvements made in Medicine during the Eighteeth Century, 1802, 8vo.

RAMSDEN (Jesse), F. R. S., an eminent optician, was born at Halifax in Yorkshire in 1738, and came to London as an engraver. Having to delineate several mathematical instruments, he finally constructed them himself, and married a daughter of Mr. Dollond, the celebrated optician. He first opened a shop in the Haymarket, whence he removed to Piccadilly, where he remained until his death in 1800. Ramsden early obtained a premium from the board of longitude, for the invention of the curious machine for the division of mathematical instruments hereafter described: he also improved the construction of the theodolite, the pyrometer for measuring the dilatation of bodies by heat, the barometer for measuring the height of mountains, &c.; also the refracting micrometer and transit instrument and quadrant. He made great improvements also in Hadley's quadrant and sextant, and procured a patent for an amended equatorial. Such was his reputation, that his instruments were bespoken in every part of Europe; and ultimately, though he employed sixty men, to obtain the execution of an order was a high favor.

RAMSDEN'S MACHINE FOR DIVIDING MATHEMATICAL INSTRUMENTS is an invention of the last century, by which these divisions can be performed with exceedingly great accuracy. On discovering the method of constructing this machine, its inventor, Mr. Ramsden of Piccadilly, received £615 from the Board of Longitude; engaging himself to instruct a certain number of persons, not exceeding teu, in the method of making and using it from the 28th of October 1775 to 28th October 1777; also binding himself to divide all octants and sexants by the same engine, for as long time as

the commissioners should think proper. The following description, of the engine is that given by Mr. Ramsden himself. "This engine consists of a large wheel of bell-metal, supported on a mahogany stand, having three legs, which are strongly connected together by braces, so as to make it perfectly steady. On each leg of the stand is placed a conical friction-pulley, whereon the dividing-wheel rests; to prevent the wheel from sliding off the friction-pulleys, the bell-metal centre under it turns in a socket on the top of the stand. The circumference of the wheel is ratched or cut (by a method which Mr. Ramsden describes) into 2160 teeth, in which an endless screw acts. Six revolutions of the screw will move the wheel a space equal to one degree. Now a circle of brass being fixed on the screw arbor, having its circumference divided into sixty parts, each division will consequently answer to a motion of the wheel of ten seconds, six of them will be equal to a minute, &c. Several different arbors of tempered steel are truly ground into the socket in the centre of the wheel. The upper parts of the arbors that stand above the plane are turned of various sizes, to suit the centres of different pieces of work to be divided. When any instrument is to be divided, the centre of it is very exactly fitted on one of these arbors; and the instrument is fixed down to the plan of the dividing wheel, by means of screws, which fit into holes made in the radii of the wheel for that purpose. The instrument being thus fitted on the plane of the wheel, the frame which carries the dividing-point is connected at one end by finger-screws with the frame which carries the endless screw; while the other end embraces that part of the steel arbor which stands above the instrument to be divided, by an angular notch in a piece of hardened steel; by this means both ends of the frame are kept perfectly steady and free from any shake. The frame carrying the dividing point or tracer is made to slide on the frame which carries the endless screw to any distance from the centre of the wheel, as the radius of the instrument so divided may require, and may there be fastened by tightening two clamps; and the dividing-point or tracer, being connected with the clamps by the double-jointed frame, admits a free and easy motion towards or from the centre for cutting the divisions, without any lateral shake. From what has been said, it appears, that an instrument thus fitted on the dividing-wheel may be moved to any angle by the screw and divided circle on its arbor, and that this angle may be marked on the limb of the instrument with the greatest exactness by the dı. viding-point or tracer, which can only move in a direct line tending to the centre, and is altogether freed from those inconveniences that attend cutting by means of a straight edge. This method of drawing lines will also prevent any error that might arise from an expansion or contraction of the metal during the time of dividing. The screw frame is fixed on the top of a conical pillar, which turns freely round its axis, and also moves freely towards or from the centre of the wheel, so that the screw-frame may be entirely guided by the frame which connects it with the

centre; by this means any eccentricity of the wheel and the arbor would not produce any error in the dividing; and, by a particular contrivance, the screw when pressed against the teeth of the wheel always moves parallel to itself; so that a line joining the centre of the arbor and the tracer continued, will always make equal angles with the screw.'

RAMSEY, a town of Huntingdonshire, sixtyeight miles north of London, and twelve northeast of Huntingdon. It was once famous for a very rich abbey, part of the gatehouse of which is still standing, and a neglected statue of Ailwin, the epitaph of whose tomb, which is reckoned one of the oldest pieces of English sculpture extant, styles him kinsman of the famous king Edward, alderman of all England, and the miraculous founder of this abbey.' It was dedicated to St. Dunstan, and its abbots were mitred, and sat in parliament; and so many kings of England were benefactors to it that its yearly rents, says Camden, were £7000. The town was then called Ramsey the Rich; but by the dissolution of the abbey it soon became poor, and even lost its market for many years, which is now held on Saturday. There is a charity school for poor girls.

RAMSEY, a town in the Isle of Man, on the north coast, with a noted and spacious haven.

RAMSGATE, a sea-port town of Kent, in the isle of Thanet, five miles south from Margate, with a very fine pier, seated near the Downs, between the North and South Foreland, ten miles north-east of Canterbury. It was formerly but an obscure fishing village, but since 1688 has been improved and enlarged by a successful trade to Russia and the Baltic, and has become a frequented bathing place. The harbour is very capacious, and was begun in 1750. It is formed by two piers; that to the east is built of Purbeck stone, and extends into the ocean nearly 800 feet before it forms an angle; its breadth on the top is twenty-six feet, including a strong parapet wall. The other, to the west, is constructed of wood as far as the low-water mark, but the rest is of stone. The angles, of which there are five in each pier, consist of 160 feet each, with octagons at the ends of sixty feet diameter, leaving an entrance of 200 feet into the harbour, the depth of which admits of a gradual increase of eighteen to thirty-six feet. It is defended by two batteries. It is now made a royal port in commemoration of his majesty's visit in 1821. After the piers were nearly finished, the deposition of sand within the harbour became so considerable as to threaten its complete destruction, when it was advised by Mr. Smeaton to construct a basin within the harbour, to retain the tide water, and, letting it out again at every ebb, to carry off any deposition by this artificial current. This was accordingly done, and thre beneficial effects were such as even to exceed expectation; but as, notwithstanding these improvements, the harbour was found unsafe during easterly gales, an advanced pier was begun in 1787, the utility of which became apparent as the work advanced, and greatly facilitated the entrance of shipping in tempestuous weather. A military road was also completed under the cliff connecting the centre

and outward piers, for the embarkation of troops. About the same period a dry dock was erected, and storehouses for every necessary purpose. A new stone light-house has been since constructed on the head of the west pier, a handsome house for the business of the trustees, another for the residence of the harbour master, a watch-house, &c. From the light-house are displayed in the night, two lamps, with argand burners, when the water in the harbour is of the depth of ten feet; and in the day this notice is given by a flag-staff from Sion Hill. A large stone building has been erected for a dock-house, and a wet dock near the basin, for the repair of vessels; and no cost has been spared to render this harbour as useful as possible, in proportion to the dangerous navigation, in stormy weather, of the adjacent part of the channel. The pier forms the grand promenade. The bathing place, furnished with machines and accommodations in the same manner as at Margate, lies in front of a long line of high chalky rocks at the back of the pier. Warm salt-water, and also plunging and shower baths, are established here, with suitable conveniencies. The assembly-room is a neat building, near the harbour; with coffee, tea, billiard, card, and other rooms; the whole being under the direction of the master of the ceremonies at Margate. Here are several good hotels, and numerous lodging-houses suited to every description of company. The libraries in the town are numerous, spacious, and valuable. It has a handsome chapel of ease, besides which there are several meeting-houses. The town is well paved, lighted, and watched, and has a court of requests for the recovery of small debts.

RAMUS, in general, denotes a branch of any thing, as of a tree, an artery, &c. In the anatomy of plants it means the first or lateral branches, which go off from the petiolum, or middle rib of a leaf. The subdivisions of these are called surculi; and the final divisions, into the most minute of all, are by some called capillamenta; but both kinds are generally denominated surculus.

RAMUS (Peter), one of the most celebrated professors of the sixteenth century, was born in Picardy in 1515. A thirst for learning prompted him to go to Paris when very young, and he was admitted a servant in the college of Navarre. Spending the day in waiting on his masters, and the greatest part of the night in study, he made such surprising progress, that, when he took his degree of M. A., he offered to maintain a quite opposite doctrine to that of Aristotle. This raised him many enemies; and the two first books he published, Institutiones Dialectice, and Aristotelica Animadversiones, occasioned great disturbances in the university of Paris: and the opposition against him was not a little heightened by his deserting the Romish religion, and professing that of the Reformed. Being thus forced to retire from Paris, he visited the universities of Germany, and received great honors wherever he came. He returned to France in 1571, and lost his life miserably in the horrid massacre of St. Bartholemew's day. He published many works which Teissier enumerates.

Much is due to him for having with so much firmness and perseverance asserted the natural freedom of the human understanding. The logic of Ramus obtained great authority in the schools of Germany, Great Britain, Holland, and France; and long and violent contests arose between his followers and those of the Stagyrite, till his fame vanished before that of Descartes.'

RANA, the frog, in zoology, a genus belonging to the order amphibia reptilia. The body is naked, furnished with four feet, and without any tail. There are many species. The most remarkable are these:

1. R. aquatica, the water frog of Catesby has large black eyes, yellow irides, and long limbs; the upper part of the head and body is of a dusky green, spotted with black; and from each eye to the nose is a white line; and a yellow line along the sides to the rump. They frequent rivulets and ditches, which they do not quit for the dry land. They spring five or six yards at a leap.

2. R. arborea, the green tree frog of Catesby, is of a slender shape and bright green color, marked on each side with a line of yellow: the eyes are black; the irides yellow; they have four toes before and five behind; at the end of each toe there is a round membrane, concave beneath, and like the mouth of a leech. They lurk under the lower sides of leaves, even of the tallest trees, and adhere firmly, by means of the membranes at the ends of their toes sticking to the smoothest surface: a looking-glass was held before one, at four yards distance; it reached it at one leap, and stuck closely to it. At night these frogs make an incessant chirping, and leap from spray to spray in search of insects. This species is common to America and the warmer parts of Europe.

3. R. bufo, the toad. Ælian and other ancient writers tell many ridiculous fables of the poison of the toad. This animal was believed by some old writers to have a stone in its head fraught with great virtues medical and magical; it was distinguished by the name of the reptile, and called the toad-stone, bufonites, crapaudine, krottenstein. See BUFO.

The most full information concerning the nature and qualities of this animal is contained in letters from Mr. Arscott and Mr. Pittfield to Dr. Milles, communicated to Mr.Pennant; concerning a toad that lived above thirty-six years with them, was completely tame, and became so great a favorite that most of the ladies in the neighbourhood got the better of their prejudices so far as to be anxious to see it fed. Its food was insects, such as millepedes, spiders, ants, flies, &c., but it was particularly fond of flesh worms, which were bred on purpose for it. Itnever appeared in winter, but regularly made its appearance in spring, when the warm weather commenced, climbing up a few steps, and waiting to be taken up, carried into the house, and fed upon a table. Before it attacked the insects, it fixed its eyes on them, and remained motionless for a quarter of a minute, when it seized them by an instantaneous motion of its tongue darted on the insect, with such rapidity that the eye could not follow it,

whereby the insect stuck to the tip of its tongue, and was instantly conveyed to its mouth. This favorite toad at last lost its life, in consequence of being attacked by a tame raven, which picked out one of its eyes; and although the toad was rescued, and lived a year longer, it never recovered its health or spirit. Mr. Pennant's correspondent, among many other particulars, adds, that there are thirty males to one female, twelve or fourteen of whom I have seen clinging round a female: I have often disengaged her, and put her to a solitary male to see with what eagerness he would seize her. They impregnate the spawn as it is drawn out in long strings.'

4. R. cinerea, the cinereous frog, has a gibbous, cinereous, and smooth back; the belly is yellow and granulated; on each side, from the nose to the rump, there is a white line; and there is the same on the outside of the thighs and legs; the toes are bullated at their ends. They inhabit Carolina.

5. R. esculenta, the edible frog, differs from the common frog, in having a high protuberance in the middle of the back, forming a very sharp angle. Its colors are also more vivid, and its marks more distinct; the ground color being a pale or yellowish green, marked with rows of black spots from the head to the rump.

6. R. ocellata, the bull frog, a very large species, found in Pennsylvania, and some other parts of North America. The irides are of a dusky red, surrounded with a yellow ring. The auricles are covered with a thin circular skin, which forms a spot behind each eye. They have four toes on the fore feet, and five palmated toes behind. Their color is a dusky brown, mixed with yellowish green, and spotted with black. The belly is yellowish, and faintly spotted. These make a roaring noise like a bull, only more hoarse. Their size is superior to that of any other of the genus, and they can spring forward three yards at a leap; and thus will equal in speed a very good horse at its swiftest course. They live in ponds or bogs with stagnant water; but never frequent streams. In the day time they seldom make any great noise, unless the sky is covered; but in the night time they may be heard at the distance of a mile and a half. When they croak, they are commonly near the surface of the water, under the bushes, and have their heads out of the water. By going slowly, therefore, one may get up almost close to them be'fore they go away. As soon as they are quite under water, they think themselves safe, though it be ever so shallow. These creatures kill and eat young ducklings and goslings, and sometimes carry off chickens that come too near the water; when beaten, they cry out almost like little children. As soon as the air begins to grow a little cool in autumn they hide themselves under the mud in the bottom of stagnant waters, and lie there torpid during the winter. As soon as the weather grows mild towards summer, they begin to get out of their holes and croak. They are supposed by the people of Virginia to be the purifiers of waters, and are respected as the genii of the fountains. Some of them were brought to England alive several years ago.

7. R. pipal, the Surinam toad, is more ugly than even the common one. The body is flat and broad; the head small; the jaws, like those of a mole, are extended, and evidently formed for rooting in the ground; the skin of the neck forms a sort of wrinkled collar; the color of the head is of a dark chestnut, and the eyes are small; the back, which is very broad, is of a lightish gray, and seems covered over with a number of small eyes, which are round, and placed at nearly equal distances. These eyes are very different from what they seem : they are the animal's eggs, covered with their shell, and placed there for hatching. These eggs are buried deep in the skin, and in the beginning of incubation but just appear; and are very visible when the young animal is about to burst from its confinement. They are of a reddish shining yellow color; and the spaces between them are full of small warts, resembling pearls. This is their situation previous to their coming forth; but nothing is so surprising as the manner of their production. The eggs, when formed in the ovary, are sent, by some internal canals, which anatomists have not hitherto described, to lie and come to maturity under the bony substance of the back; in this state they are impregnated by the male; the skin, however, is still apparently entire, and forms a very thick covering over the whole brood; but as they advance to maturity, at different intervals one after another, the egg seems to start forward from the back, becomes more yellow, and at last breaks; when the young one puts forth its head; it still, however, keeps its situation until it has acquired a proper degree of strength, and then it leaves the shell, but still continues to keep upon the back of the parent. In this manner the pipal is seen travelling with her wondrous family on her back, in all the different stages of maturity. Some of the strange progeny, not yet come to sufficient perfection, appear quite torpid, and as yet without life in the egg; others seem just beginning to rise through the skin; here peeping forth from the shell, and there having entirely forsaken their prison; some are sporting at large upon the parent's back, and others descending to the ground to try their own fortune below. The male pipal is every way larger than the female, and has the skin less tightly drawn round the body. The whole body is covered with pustules, resembling pearls; and the belly, which is of a bright yellow, seems as if it were sewed up from the throat to the vent, a seam being seen to run in that direction.

8. R. rubeta, the.natter jack, frequents dry and sandy places; it is found on Putney common, and also near Revesby abbey, Lincolnshire. It never leaps, neither does it crawl with the slow pace of a toad, but its motion is more like running. Several are found commonly together, and, like others of the genus, they appear in the evenings. The upper part of the body is of a dirty yellow, clouded with brown, and covered with porous pimples of unequal sizes; on the back is a yellow line. The upper side of the body is of a paler hue, marked with black spots, which are rather rough. On the fore feet are four divided toes; on the hind five, a little

webbed.

The length of the body is two inches and a quarter; the breadth one inch and a quarter; the length of the fore legs one inch and a sixth; of the hind legs two inches. This is the account given by Sir Joseph Banks.

9. R. temporaria, the common frog. This is an animal so well known that it needs no description; but some of its properties are very singular. Its spring, or power of taking large leaps, is remarkably great, and it is the best swimmer of all four-footed animals. Its limbs are finely adapted for those ends, the fore members of the body being very lightly made, the hind legs and thighs very long, and furnished with very strong muscles. While in a tadpole state, it is entirely a water animal; and, as soon as the frogs are released from their tadpole state, they immediately take to land; and if the weather has been hot, and there fall any refreshing showers, the ground for a considerable space is perfectly blackened by myriads of these animalcules, seeking for some secure lurking places. Some philosophers, not taking time to examine into this phenomenon, imagined them to have been gene rated in the clouds, and showered on the earth but, had they but traced them to the next pool they would have found a better solution of the difficulty. As frogs adhere closely to the backs of their own species, so we know they will de the same by fish. That they will injure, if not entirely kill carp, is a well-known fact. Not many years ago, on fishing a pond belonging to Mr. Pitt of Encomb, Dorsetshire, great numbers of the carp were found each with a frog mounted on it, the hind legs clinging to the back, and the fore legs fixed to the corner of each eye of the fish, which were thin and greatly wasted, teased by carrying so disagreeable a load. These frogs Mr. Pennant supposes to have been males disappointed of a mate. The croaking of frogs is well known; and hence in fenny countries they are distinguished by ludicrous titles: thus they are stiled Dutch Nightingales, and Boston waites. Yet there is a time of the year when they become mute, neither croaking nor opening their mouths for a whole month; this happens in the hot season, and that is in many places known to the country people by the name of the paddock moon. These, as well other reptiles, feed but a small space of the year. Their food is flies, insects, and snails. During winter frogs and toads remain in a torpid state; the last of which will dig into the earth, and cover themselves with almost the same agility as the mole.

10. R. terrestris, the land frog of Catesby, has much the appearance of a toad; above it is gray or brown, spotted with dusky; below white, faintly spotted; the irides are red; and the legs short. They frequent the high lands, and are seen most frequently in wet weather and in the hottest time of the day; they leap, feed on insects, particularly the fire-fly and ant. Sometimes the Americans bake and reduce this species to powder, which, mixed with orrice-root, is taken as a cure for a tympany.

RANCAGUA, a province of Chili, between the rivers Maypo and Cachapoal, and extending from the Andes to the sea. Its breadth is very unequal, being from seventeen to only eight

leagues. It contains the lakes Aculeu and Bucalemu, and the lands are very fertile in grain. But it is thinly peopled, and the inhabitants, amounting only to 12,000, widely dispersed. It has mines of gold of superior quality.

RANCAGUA, the capital of the above province, also called Santa Cruz de Triana, is situated on the north shore of the river Cachapuel, fifty-three miles south of Santiago.

RANCE (D. A. J. Bouthillier), a learned French writer, born in Paris in 1626. At the age of twelve, so rapid was his progress, he published an edition of Anacreon in Greek, with notes, in 8vo. Having taken his degrees at Sorbonne, he wrote several theological pieces, but gave himself up to dissipation; and at last retired into a monastery, where he died in 1700. RANCH, v. a. Corrupted from wrench. To sprain; to injure with violent contortion. Dryden uses it for to tear.

Against a stump his tusk the monster grinds, And ranched his hips with one continued round. Dryden. Emeticks ranch, and keen catharticks scour. Garth.

RAN'CID, adj. Lat. rancidus. Strong scented. See RANK.

The oil, with which fishes abound, often turns rancid, and lies heavy on the stomach, and affects the very sweat with a rancid smell. Arbuthnot. RAN'COR, n. s. Old French rancoeur; RAN'COROUS, adj. Teut. ranken. InveteRAN COROUSLY, adv. S rate malignity; malice; implacability: the adjective and adverb corresponding.

His breast full of rancor like canker to freat.
Tusser.

As two brave knights in bloody fight
With deadly rancour he enraged found.

Spenser.
So flamed his eyen with rage and rancorous ire.
Id.
Rancour will out, proud prelate; in thy face
I see thy fury.
Shakspeare. Henry VI.

Because I cannot

Duck with French nods and apish courtesy,
I must be held a rancorous enemy. Shakspeare.
Such ambush

Waited with hellish rancour imminent.

Milton.

No authors draw upon themselves more displeasure than those who deal in political matters, which is justly incurred, considering that spirit of rancour and virulence with which works of this nature abound. Addison's Freeholder.

Presbyterians and their abettors, who can equally go to a church or conventicle, or such who bear a personal rancour towards the clergy. Swift.

The most powerful of these were Pharisees and Sadducees; of whose chief doctrines some notice is taken by the evangelists, as well as of their rancorous opposition to the gospel of Christ. West. RANDIA, in botany, a genus of the monogynia order, and pentandria class of plants: CAL. monophyllous: COR. salver-shaped; berry unilocular, with a capsular rind. There are two species, viz. 1. R. aculeata; and 2. R. mitis.

RANDOLPH (Thomas), an eminent English poet of the seventeenth century, born in Northamptonshire in 1605. He was educated at Westminster and Cambridge, and was patronised

by some of the greatest men of his age; particularly by Ben Jonson. He died in 1634. He wrote, 1. The Muses' Looking-glass, a comedy. 2. Amyntas, or the Impossible Dowry, a pastoral, acted before the king and queen. 3. Aristippus, or the Jovial Philosopher. 4. The Conceited Pedlar. 5. The Jealous Lovers, a comedy. 6. Hey for Honesty, down with Knavery, a comedy; and several poems.

RANDOLPH (Sir Thomas), LL. D., was born in Kent in 1530. He was a student at ChristChurch, when Henry VIII. turned it into a cathedral. He became principal of Broad-gate Hall in 1549. Under queen Elizabeth he was employed in several embassies to Scotland, France, and Russia; was knighted, and promoted to several considerable offices. He wrote An Account of his Embassage to the emperor of Russia, anno 1568; and Instructions for Searching the Seaand Border of the Coast, from the Pechora to the Eastwards, anno 1588. He died in 1590, aged sixty.

RANDOLPH (Thomas), D. D., was the son of a barrister, the recorder of the city of Canterbury, where he was born about the commencement of the last century; and went upon the foundation to Corpus Christi College, Oxford, of which society he eventually became president in 1748. Besides the benefices of Petham, Waltham, and Saltwood, all in the immediate neighbourhood of his native city, his distinguished talents as a theologian raised him to the Lady Margaret divinity chair, and the archdeaconry of Oxford, to which latter dignity he was elevated in 1768. He acquired considerable reputation by his Vindication of the Doctrine of the Trinity, &c. A View of the Ministry of our Saviour Jesus Christ. 8vo. 2 vols; The Christian's Faith a rational Assent; Citations from the Old Testament contained in the New; and a volume of Sermons, preached at St. Mary's, Oxford. He died in 1783, leaving behind him two sons.

RANDOLPH (right reverend John), the eldest, afterwards bishop of London, was born in 1749; became a student of Corpus Christi College, Oxford; M. A. 1774; B. D. 1782; D. D. by diploma 1783; prælector of poetry 1776; proctor 1781; regius professor of Greek 1782; canon of Christ Church, regius professor of diviand, in the same year, a prebendary of Salisbury; nity, and rector of Ewelme, in 1783; elevated to the bishopric of Oxford in 1799; translated to that of Bangor in 1807; and thence to London in 1809. He was elected F. R. S. in 1811. He passed a great part of his life in the University of Oxford, and enjoyed a considerable reputation for learning, and it is generally understood that, when he was elevated to the see of Oxford, the university was complimented with the nomination by the crown. By some, however, it has been insinuated that his opinions were somewhat too high and determined, to succeed so very mild and conciliating a prelate as Dr. Porteus. His publications are-A Sermon preached at an Ordination at Christ Church, 1779, 1 Cor. xii. 31. Oxon. 1779, 4to. A Sermon preached at the Consecration of Dr. Lewis Bagot, in 1782, to the bishopric of Bristol, Acts ii. 42. Oxon, 1782, 4to. De Græcæ linguæ studio prælectio habita

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