court, the party injured thereby in both civil and criminal cases may allege a diminution of the record, and cause it to be rectified. 2dly, A judgment may be reversed by writ of error, which lies from all inferior criminal jurisdictions to the court of king's bench, and from the king's bench to the house of peers, and may be brought for notorious mistakes in the judgment or other parts of the record. The effect of falsifying or reversing an outlawry is, that the party shall be in the same plight as if he had appeared upon the capias: and, if it be before pleaded, he shall be put to plead to the indictment; if, after conviction, he shall receive the sentence of the law; for all the other proceedings, except only the process of outlawry for his non-appearance, remain good and effectual as before. But, when judgment pronounced upon conviction is falsified or reversed, all former proceedings are absolutely set aside, and the party stands as if he had never been at all accused, restored in his credit, his capacity, his blood, and his estates; with regard to which last, though they be granted away by the crown, yet the owner may enter upon the grantee, with as little ceremony as he might enter upon a disseisor. But he still remains liable to another prosecution for the same offence: for, the first being erroneous, he never was in jeopardy thereby.

REVERSION, in the law of England, has two significations: the one of which is an estate left, which continues during a particular estate in being; and the other is the returning of the land, &c., after the particular estate is ended; and it is further said to be an interest in lands, when the possession of it fails, or where the estate which was for a time parted with returns to the granters, or their heirs. But, according to the usual definition of a reversion, it is the residue of an estate left in the granter, after a particular estate granted away ceases, continuing in the granter of such an estate. The difference between a remainder and a reversion consists in this, that the remainder may belong to any man except the granter; whereas the reversion returns to him who conveyed the lands, &c.

REVERT', v. a., v. n., & n. s. Lat. reverto. To change; turn to the contrary; reverberate ; return; fall back as a musical term, recurrence; revertible; returnable.

My arrows,

Too slightly timbered for so loud a wind, Would have reverted to my bow again.

Shakspeare.

If his tenant and patentee should dispose of his gift, without his kingly assent, the lands shall revert to the king. Bacon. Hath not musick her figures the same with rhetosick? what is a revert but her antistrophe ? Peachan on Musick. Wretched her subjects, gloomy sits the queen, Till happy chance revert the cruel scene; And apish folly, with her wild resort

of wit and jest, disturbs the solemn court. Prior. The stream boils

Around the stone, or from the hollowed bank Reverted plays in undulating flow. Thomson. REVERIE', or French reverie. Loose REVERY', n. s. musing; irregular thought.

If the Rabines' prophecy succeed, we shall conclude the days of the phenix, not in its own, but in the last and general flames, without all hope of reviction. Browne.

REVICTUAL, v. a. Re and victual. To stock anew with victuals.

It hath been objected, that I put into Ireland, and spent much time there, taking care to revictual Raleigh's Apology. myself, and none of the rest. REVIEW', v. a. & n. s. Į Re and view. To REVIEW'ER, n. s. look back; see or consider again; retrace; in modern literature to give a public character of a book after having examined it more or less: the noun substantive corresponding.

I shall review Sicilia; for whose sight
I have a woman's longing.

Shakspeare.

He with great indifference considered his reviews and subsequent editions. Fell.

Segrais says, that the Eneis is an imperfect work, and that death prevented the divine poet from reviewing it; and, for that reason he had condemned it to the fire. Dryden.

We make a general review of the whole work, and a general review of nature; that, by comparing them, their full correspondency may appear.

Burnet's Theory of the Earth.

The works of nature will bear a thousand views and reviews; the more narrowly we look into them, the more occasion we shall have to admire.

Atterbury's Sermons.

Dryden.

If a grievance be inflicted on a person, he may appeal; it is not necessary to pray a revocation of such a grievance. Ayliffe.

REVOLT, v. n. Į Fr. revolter; Ital. revolREVOLTER, n. s. tare; of Lat. re and voluto. To fall off from one to another; change: a desertion; rebellion: Shakspeare uses it for revolter.

This people hath a revolting and a rebellious heart; they are revolted and gone. Jeremiah v. 53. All will revolt from me, and turn to him.

Fair honour that thou dost thy God, in trusting He will accept thee to defend his cause, A murderer, a revolter, and a robber.

Id.

If all our levies are made in Scotland or Ireland, may not those two parts of the monarchy be too powerful for the rest, in case of a revolt?

Addison's State of the War. He was not a revolter from the truth which he had once embraced. Atterbury's Sermons. Those who are negligent or revolters shall perish. Swift.

REVOLVE', v. n. & v. a. ( Lat. revolvo. REVOLUTION, n. s. To roll in a circle; fall back; roll any thing round; consider; meditate on revolution is the act of revolving; course of, or space measured by, that which revolves; rotation; backward motion; change in the government of a country. Used among us particularly for the change produced by the admission of king William and queen Mary.

You may revolve what tales I told you Of courts, of princes, of the tricks of war. Shakspeare.

Then in the east her turn she shines, Revolved on heaven's great axis.

Milton.

On the desertion of an appeal, the jurisdiction does ipso jure revolve to the judge a quo.

Ayliffe's Parergon. The Persian wept over his army, that within the revolution of a single age, not a man would be left alive. Wake. They do not revolve about any common centre. Cheyne. Each revolving year, The teeming ewes a triple offspring bear. Pope. If the earth revolve thus, each house near the equator must move a thousand miles an hour.

Watts's Improvement of the Mind. They will be taught the diurnal revolution of the heavens.

Watts. Winds of the north! restrain your icy gales, Nor chill the bosom of these happy vales! Hence in dark heaps, ye gathering clouds, revolve ! Disperse, ye lightnings! and ye mists dissolve!

Darwin.

REVOM'IT, v. a. Fr. revomir. Re and vomit. To vomit again.

They might cast it up, and take more, vomiting and revomiting what they drink. Hakewill.

REUS, a considerable town of Catalonia, Spain, situated in a fertile plain, six miles from the sea. The harbour is near a village called Salon, and is joined to the town by a canal. It is one of the two towns of Spain that have risen into importance in modern times. Manufactures of silk, cottons, leather, hats, brandy and liquors, have been progressively established; and the population now exceeds 20,000. Eight miles west from Tarragona.

REUSS, a principality of Upper Saxony, divided into two parts, of which the one adjoins Prussia, the other Bavaria. The area of the whole is about 600 square miles; general hilly, and better adapted for pasture than tillage. The hills are productive of copper and lead; also a few of iron, silver, alum, and vitriol. The more extensive manufactures are woollen and linen, the smaller cottons, leather, and hardware. The chief town is Gera. The north-east corner of this principality is watered by the Elster, the south-west by the Saale. The princes of Reuss are of an old family, repeatedly divided and subdivided. At present it consists of two principal lines, the elder and younger; the latter having an income of £40,000 sterling, the elder of about £13,000. They both have votes in the diet of the Germanic confederation; and there exists a deliberative body in this petty principality under the name of states. The prevailing religion is the Lutheran. Population 85,000.

REUSS, one of the largest rivers of Switzerland, issues from the lake Luzendro, in Mount St. Gothard, and flows through the Waldstadtersee, passing by Lucerne, until it falls into the

REUTLINGEN, an ancient town of Wirtemberg, Germany, on the river Echetz, nineteen miles south by east of Stutgard. After being long a free town, it was incorporated with the dominions of Wirtemberg and its popu lation about 8000.

REVULSION, n. s. Fr. revulsion; Lat. REVULSIONARY, adj. Š revulsus. The act of drawing the blood or humors from remote parts of the body having the power of revulsion. There is a way of revulsion to let blood in an adverse part. Bacon's Natural History.

His flux of blood breaking forth again with greater violence than it had done before, was not to be stopped by outward applications, nor the revulsives of any kind. Fell.

I had heard of some strange cures of frenzies, by casual applications of fire to the lower parts, which seems reasonable enough, by the violent revulsion it may make of humours from the head.

Temple.

Derivation differs from revulsion only in the measure of the distance, and the force of the medicines used if we draw it to some very remote or contrary part, we call it revulsion; if only to some neighbouring place, and by gentle means, we call it derivation. Wiseman of Tumours. Re and award. Skinner. To give

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REWARD', v. a. & n. s. ́ REWARD'ABLE, adj. REWARD'ER, n. s. in return; repay; recompense; the recompense given; used sometimes, but not frequently, for a recompense of evil: rewardable is worthy of reward: rewarder, he who bestows recompense.

Thou hast rewarded me good, whereas I have rewarded thee evil. 1 Sam. xxiv. 17. They rewarded me evil for good. Psalm xxxv. 12. Rewards and punishments do always presuppose something willingly done well or ill; without which respect, though we may sometimes [receive good, yet then it is only a benefit and not a reward. Hooker. Men's actions are judged, whether in their own nature rewardable or punishable. Id. Shakspeare.

A liberal rewarder of his friends.

God rewards those that have made use of the sin gle talent, that lowest proportion of grace which he is pleased to give; and the method of his rewarding is by giving them more grace.

Hammond.

The action that is but indifferent, and without reward, if done only upon our own choice, is an act of religion, and rewardable by God, if done in obedience to our superiors.

Taylor.

There is no more reason to reward a man for believing that four is more than three, than for being hungry or sleepy; because these things do not proceed from choice, but from natural necessity. A man must do so, nor can he do otherwise. Wilkins.

To judge th' unfaithful dead, but to reward His faithful, and receive them into bliss. Milton. Men have consented to the immortality of the soul and the recompenses of another world, promising to themselves some rewards of virtue after this life. Tillotson.

To myself I owe this due regard, Not to make love my gift, but my reward. Dryden.

Bring me to the test, And I the matter will reword; which madness Would gambol from. Shakspeare. Hamlet.

REYES, a city of the Caraccas, Colombia. The inhabitants carry on a lucrative trade in cacao, tobacco, and in neat cattle. Forty miles S. S. W. from Caraccas. It is also the name of several other settlements in South America.

REYN (John de), an eminent historical and portrait painter, born at Dunkirk in 1610. He was a disciple of Vandyke, and was so attached to his master that he followed him to London, where it is thought he continued as long as he lived. In Britain he is mostly known by the name of Lang Jan. He died in 1678. The scarcity of his works is said to be occasioned by so many of them being imputed to Vandyke.

REYNEAU (Charles Rene), a member of the French Academy, and an eminent mathematician, born at Bressac, in Anjou, in 1650. He taught philosophy at Toulon, and became professor of mathematics at Algiers, in 1683. He published a famous work, entitled Analysis Demonstrated, in which he reduced into a body the theories of Newton, Descartes, Leibnitz, &c. He died in 1722, aged seventy-two.

REYNER (John), a learned divine, born at Lincoln, and educated at Emanuel College, Cambridge, of which he was a fellow. He was ejected from his living for nonconformity in 1662; and died at Nottingham, where he had practised physic. His writings are chiefly theological.

REYNOLDS (Sir Joshua), an eminent English painter, born at Plympton, his father being master of the grammar school of that town. At an early age he evinced a fondness for drawing, which induced his father finally to place him at the age of seventeen with Hudson, then the first portrait painter in London. He remained with him only three years, and then upon some trifling disagreement returned into Devonshire. One of his first performances, at this period, was the picture of a boy reading by a reflected light, which was sold fifty years afterwards for thirtyfive guineas. He now practised at Plymouth Dock, and, while there, obtained an introduction to the noble family of Mount Edgecumbe, and became acquainted with captain, afterwards admiral lord Keppel. That officer being about to sail in 1749, for the Mediterranean, offered to take Reynolds thither, which invitation he gladly accepted. While at Minorca he was much employed in painting portraits, by which means he increased his finances sufficiently to enable him to visit Rome, in which capital and in other parts of Italy he remained about three years. At the latter end of 1752 he returned to London, and the first specimen he then gave of his