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24. By the P. R. R. the distance from Pittsburgh to New York is 444 miles; from Pittsburgh to Philadelphia, 355 miles. What is the distance from Philadelphia to New York? Ans. 89 miles.

25. By the same road, from Pittsburgh to Harrisburg is 246 miles. What is the distance of Harrisburg from Philadelphia? From New York? 1st Ans. 109 miles.

2d Ans. 198 miles.

26. Washington was born A. D. 1732, and died in A. D. 1799. How old was he at his death? Ans. 67 years.

Ans. 16815.

27. The sum of two numbers is 20560; the less is 3745. What is the greater? 28. A merchant sold on Saturday goods amounting to $2567; on Monday goods amounting to $1075. difference in the two days' sales?

What is the Ans. $1492.

29. If a man's property is valued at $15725, and his debts

at $6837, what is he worth?

Ans. $8888.

30. If a man's property is valued at $20569, and his debts

at $30880, what excess of debt has he?

Ans. $10311.

31. A man sold a horse for $375, making $97. much did the horse cost him?

How

Ans. $278.

32. A and B together bought property for $275315, and A furnished $98676 of the purchase money. How much did B furnish?

Ans. $176639.

33. America was discovered by Columbus in 1492. How many years had elapsed in 1837? Ans. 345 years.

34. I deposited in the bank $1840, and drew out $475. How many dollars had I left? Ans. $1365.

35. A man has property worth $10104, and owes debts to the amount of $7426. When his debts are paid, how much will he have left? Ans. $2678.

36. A man having $100000, gave away $11. How many dollars had he left? Ans. $99989. 37. A man bought a span of horses for $537 and a yoke of oxen for $297. How much more did he pay for the horses than for the oxen? Ans. $240.

38. A man having $8795 gave $2309 of it for a store. How much money had he left?

Ans. $6486.

Ans. $12982.

39. A merchant owing $35542 paid $22560. How much does he still owe? 40. A merchant selling goods at $6789, gained $444. What did they cost? Ans. $6345.

41. Chatham is 47 miles west of York, and Howe is 91 miles west of York. How far is it from Howe to Chatham? Ans. 44 miles.

42. If the distance of the moon from us is 240000 miles, and that of the sun 95000000 miles, how much farther is it to the sun than to the moon? Ans. 94760000 miles.

43. Washington died A. D. 1799, at the age of 67. In what year was he born? Ans. 1732.

44. At an election the successful candidate received 5075 votes, and had a majority of 387 over the defeated candidate. How many votes did the latter receive?

Ans. 4688 votes.

45. How many years is it since the discovery of America by Columbus in 1492?

46. Find the difference between eight thousand seventeen, and seven thousand eighteen.

47. An army numbered before a battle thirty thousand five hundred ten men; after battle twenty-six thousand seven hundred nineteen. What was the loss?

Find the difference

48. Between 85374 and 5805.
49. Between 4709 and 63489.

50. Between 75310 and 864.
51. Between 9811 and 98021.
52. Between 5678901 and 991112.
53. Between 82223 and 1359012.
54. Between 26590123 and 733334.
55. Between 6444445 and 924901123.
56. 4159012345 86665554 = ?

57. 65490123456

· 566666667 = ?

Ans. 3791 men.

58. The difference of two numbers is 753, and the greater is 1031. What is the less?

Ans. 278.

59. What number added to 2056 makes 18000?

60. What number taken from 67890 leaves 66667 ?

61. The thermometer stood at 19 degrees above zero in the morning, and 45 degrees above zero in the afternoon. How many degrees did it rise?

62. A farmer raised 1220 bushels of wheat, and 700 bushels He sold 875 bushels of wheat, and 225 bushels of How many bushels of each had he left?

of corn.

corn.

Ans. 345 of wheat; 475, corn.

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SECTION V.

MULTIPLICATION

80. Multiplication is the process of repeating one number as many times as there are ones in another.

Or, it is a short process of adding equal numbers.

The Terms are Product and Factors.

81. The Product is the result obtained by Multiplication.

82. The Factors are the numbers used to obtain the Product.

The factors are Multiplicand and Multiplier.

83. The Multiplicand is that factor which is to be repeated.

84. The Multiplier is that factor which shows how many times the Multiplicand is to be repeated.

When it is said, 2 times 3 are 6, 6 is the Product and 2 and 3 are the Factors, of which 2 is the Multiplier and 3 the Multiplicand.

85. The Sign of Multiplication is an oblique cross (x), and when placed between two or more numbers signifies that they are to be multiplied together. Thus, 2×3 means that 2 and 3 are to be multiplied together, and is read "2 times 3."

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