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FRIENDS' REVIEW.

VOL. VII.

A RELIGIOUS, LITERARY AND MISCELLANEOUS JOURNAL.

PHILADELPHIA, SIXTH MONTH 10, 1854.

EDITED BY ENOCH LEWIS.

PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY SAMUEL RHOADS,
No. 50 North Fourth Street,
PHILADELPHIA.

Price two dollars per annum, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE, or six copies for ten dollars.

Postage on this paper, when paid quarterly or yearly n advance, 13 cents per annum in Pennsylvania and 26 cents per annum in other States.

EXTRACTS FROM THE LIFE OF HENRY HULL.
Continued from page 595.

No. 39.

whose services may cost a little more; and hence some persons, who would rank among the dregs of mankind, have been entrusted with the oversight and tuition of tender children.* One of this description, who had been a soldier in the British army, was employed in the neighborhood where I lived, and from him I derived much of my small share of school learning.

While at work one evening in the cloth-mill, with the aforesaid person, word was sent to me, that my father wished me to come to the house. I immediately went, and found several Friends there, who proposed a religious opportunity with the family. When I found what I was wanted My father built a fulling-mill, in order to fur- should call me from my work, upon, what I then for, I felt disturbed in my mind, that my father nish me with employment, and with a view of thought, such a trifling occasion, and I could having me instructed in the business, engaged a scarcely speak pleasantly to the Friends. But man who understood it; but there being little soon after we sat down together, the power of opportunity of choice, the person he hired was Truth spread over us, and the Friends were envery objectionable in point of morals, and I was abled to speak so plainly to my situation, that greatly exposed in his company. He was, how-my spirit was broken into tenderness, and when ever, soon dismissed, and I was thrown into I left the house tears flowed from my eyes. Reother company. The man who next took the flecting on the solicitude of my dear father for mill, had an interest in the proceeds of my la- my everlasting welfare, and on the goodness of bor, and kept me very closely at work, early and the Ancient of days, in that he did not leave me late, to which I quietly submitted, being desirous in the hardened state of mind I was in, when I to learn the business. His unwillingness to per- went into the room, my heart was humbled; and mit my attendance at week-day meetings, was I entered into solemn covenant with the Lord, the only difficulty I met with from him. deavor to be mindful of his favors and walk more that if he would pass by my offences, I would enworthily. At another time, my mother reproving me for levity, I replied to her in rather unhandsome terms, at which I saw she was grieved. This affected me much, so that I wept to think how thoughtless I was, fearing I should be cast off by the Almighty, for my ingratitude to her who had done so much for me.

The practice of employing immoral or irreligious persons in families where there are young children, is often attended with very injurious consequences to their tender minds. Parents who are desirous of training up their offspring in the fear of the Lord, should exercise great care as regards those they employ. I well remember the corrupting conversations and conduct of some who were engaged in my father's business, when he was altogether ignorant of what was passing. The sons of farmers who are left to labor with the workmen, without the presence of their parents, are in a particular manner exposed to contamination, many of that class being of the lowest grade, and hardened in wickedness. It is no less important that in the education of children, suitable teachers should be sought for. Greatly have the children, in many parts of the country, suffered from the want of this care; too many being more anxious to obtain a teacher at a low rate, than to get one of good character,

From the time of the aforementioned opportunity in the family, the work of religion seemed to take root in my mind. I could not take the liberties I had formerly done in vain and idle conversation, but seriousness covered my mind for many months, and I was glad when the meeting day came. nants, and wept in secret at the remembrance of I remembered my former cove

•The condition of common country schools, preceding and during the time of the revolutionary war, was mit of much improvement, they have certainly risen unquestionably very low. Though they may yet adgreatly in their general character since that time.

all my resolutions! now as fresh and lively as the flower in the field; to-morrow, withered and faded away! Thus it has been with me for years; at times filled with heavenly love, then poor, ah, poor indeed, even when my desires have been to do right. Art thou, O my soul, serving a hard master? No, this state of poverty is the result of my disobedience. I have partaken of too many mercies to think the Lord is a hard master. He is a God full of compassion.

how often I had broken them. Frequently, in the silent hours of night, when all nature seemed slumbering, I sat ruminating on my sad situation, thinking no poor mortal was so miserable as myself. Yet I had none but myself to blame for it, knowing I had very often been favored with the sweet incomes of heavenly love, which I had slighted, running after the follies incident to youth. At other seasons, the Beloved of souls was pleased to renew the offers of his love in my heart, and I was filled with joy and rejoicing. Thus I continued through the time of my apprenticeship, which being expired, I undertook the management of the business my-dent which had occurred in our neighborhood, self, diligently attending meetings, sometimes walking four miles over the mountain; and I was often much comforted while we sat together, and could return to my employment rejoicing.

At the age of about twenty years, he was united in marriage with Sarah Hallock, a virtuous young woman, who proved to be a valuable partner.

For nearly two years after our marriage, I was greatly tried with a spirit of unbelief, and sometimes was near giving up to close in therewith, but being blessed with a pious wife, she proved a true help-mate, to me, both in my religious progress and in the cares of life. Few men have been more blessed in this respect than I was.

24th. When attending our Yearly Meeting at Westbury, on Long Island, about one hundred miles from home, I heard of a melancholy acci

by the explosion of gunpowder, killing a Friend and injuring other persons. The remembrance of my dear wife and child, and the reflections on this sad event, raised fervent desires, that I and my family may so live as not to fear death. 0, Lord God Almighty, I pray thee, in the riches of thy mercy, lay thy hand upon me, for I have need of thy help; without thee I can do nothing. I long to be in thy hand, that I may serve and worship thee acceptably.

In the autumn of this year, I penned the following remarks, the exact date I cannot now give, it being mislaid.

Of late I have suffered much, for not giving up publicly to advocate the the cause of Truth. In the year 1786, I began to keep a diary, and It was the cross I stumbled at, reasoning myself although it is written in much simplicity, yet I into the conclusion that I was the least qualified feel disposed to transcribe some parts of it, to of any that ever appeared in meetings, and that show the deep exercises and conflicts of spirit I the work was too great for me. I thought I had passed through. I was often impressed with a rather die than give up to it, and thus darkness belief, that I should have to stand forth as a pub-covered my mind, and I was ready to conclude I lic advocate for the cause of Truth, and at times the flowings of Gospel love so filled my heart, that I seemed as if I could not hold my peace; yet when the Divine intimations pointed thereto in our religious meetings, I withstood them, which brought darkness over my mind. The following extracts are taken from the diary, viz:

1786, third month 16th. This day I have entered my twenty-second year. I have not been duly sensible of the favors of the Lord to me, and at times a fear fills my mind, that if he should cut the thread of my life, and number me with the silent dead, I should not be admitted among the blessed. Great indeed are my trials, but my faith is renewed, that the grace of God is sufficient for me. May I love the Lord more, and be thankful for the least of all his manifold favors. 17th. At our Monthly Meeting, the advice given by a ministering Friend to those under trial, was, that they should patiently wait and quietly hope. O that I may be one of the number of those who do so. I hope the time will come, when I shall serve the Lord with all my mind and all my strength, and not fear man. May I more and more come to know myself, and how to conduct before the Lord.

Fifth month 11th. This day renewed my resolution to serve the Lord my God. But what are

had been under a delusion in thinking myself called to the work. But through the renewed mercy of my God, I was enabled to say that I truly loved him, and was desirous to serve him; and after a close conflict of spirit, I covenanted that I would give up and be obedient, if the command was again given forth. But when I came to meeting and saw my former young companions a fear seized me, and I again gave way to reasoning, so that I returned home in great distress of mind.

A few weeks after this, as I sat in meeting, during the fore part of it, I seemed quite insensible of any good, and found it hard work to keep from falling asleep, a trial unusual with me; when a Friend stood up and spoke of the situa tion of the children of Israel, in their journey through the wilderness, showing that through disobedience, many fell and perished. Suddenly a voice intelligible to my inward ear, sounded in my soul, as if it were the voice of man, saying, "Thou art in great danger of being lost in thy rebellion." Great, indeed, was the consternation I was thrown into; a trembling seized my frame, which I endeavored to hide, but could not, and Friends who sat near me noticed my situation In this awfully awakened state, the language of my heart was, "Lord, do what thou wilt with

me, I am willing-Come life, or come death, I will give up all for thy sake, and to be received again into thy favor." And the Lord, who is not slow to hear, nor yet in showing mercy, condescended to appear as a morning without clouds, comforting my mind in an extraordinary manner with his love, and spreading over it a sweet calm. Then I saw clearly that it was required of me to kneel down and publicly acknowledge the goodness and the invincible power of God, which causes the tall cedars to bend and the sturdy oaks to bow; and being fully sensible of the mercy of God from the love which then filled my heart, I was made willing, and falling upon my knees, uttered with an audible voice, a few sentences to the above import. Oh! then, inexpressibly precious, yes inconceivable to the natural man, was the ushering in of peace and joy to my mind. Language is insufficient to set forth the sweet serenity I partook of for several days; it seemed as though I had become the inhabitant of another world, and left all my sorrows and perplexities behind me. My work was pleasant, more so than ever before, and I now concluded I had got to the end of my toilsome journey through the wilderness, and had entered the heavenly Canaan. But, alas! I found I had only just entered on a field of arduous labor, and had greater trials yet to endure than any I had heretofore known. Notwithstanding the marvellous display of Divine power that humbled and brought me into obedience, and the peace that followed my submission, I again got into reasoning and lost the enjoyment I had known, even that peace which the world can neither give nor take away.

(To be continued.)

EDWARD Burrough.'

Edward Burrough, born in the county of Westmoreland, about the year 1635, of honest parents, was in his childhood ripe in knowledge, and did far excel many of his years. Grey hairs were upon him when but a youth, and he was inclinable to the best things and the nearest way of worship according to the scriptures, accompanying the best men. His natural disposition was bold and manly, dexterous and fervent, and what he took in hand, he did with his might. Loving, courteous, merciful, and easy to be entreated; he delighted in conference, and reading of the holy scriptures.

When it pleased God to visit his people in the north of England, this servant of Christ was early called, viz., in the year 1652, when about seventeen years of age. He was sent forth by the Spirit of the Lord to preach the everlasting gospel, repentance, conversion, salvation and remission of sins, in the name and power of the Lord Jesus Christ, the Saviour of mankind; and was an able minister of the glad tidings of salvation. In most parts of England, and through Ireland several times, and in Scotland and Flan

ders, his ministry was made effectual by the mighty power of God, in turning many thousands from darkness to light; for as he began early, so he labored much in the heat of the day, breaking up rough places, and untilled ground, and often walked as it were among briars and thorns, which scratched, picked, and tore with great opposition. But he broke through them all, not regarding the opposition, and the sufferings he met with, for the good of souls.

His industry in the Lord's way was very great, he seldom having many hours repose, making the Lord's work his whole business, not taking so much liberty as to spend one week to himself, about any outward occasion, in ten years; and it was his grief if any opportunity was missed in doing good. He was a man of no great learning, which men so much admire, yet he had the tongue of the learned, having had experience of the work of God in many conditions, so that he could speak a word in due season, to the understandings and consciences of all men with whom he had converse, for his words administered grace to the hearer.

He

At the age of nineteen, in the year 1654, he came up to London, and was one of the first who preached in that city, and great opposition he met with there; but God made his ministry effectual to the conversion of hundreds. continued about London very much, at times, between eight and nine years, speaking of the things of the kingdom of God. His heart was much drawn towards London, and he often said, when suffering came for the gospel's sake, 'I can freely go to that city, (i. e. London,) and lay down my life for a testimony of that truth which I have declared through the power and spirit of God.'

In the year 1662, visiting friends in the city of Bristol, he took his leave, and said to many, I am going up to the city of London to suffer among Friends in that place.' A little after his return to the said city, he was taken from a meeting of the people called Quakers, at the Bull and Mouth meeting house, by soldiers under the command of Sir Richard Brown, mayor, and committed to Newgate by the said mayor, not for evil doing, but for testifying to the name of the Lord Jesus, and for the worship of God. There he lay in prison with six or seven score Friends more, upon the same account, many of them being shut up among felons in nasty places; and for want of prison room they grew weak, sickened, and died, among whom this young man was one; his sickness increasing upon him daily, though in much patience he was carried through all.

He was in prayer often, both day and night, saying at one time, 'I have had a testimony of the Lord's love to me from my youth, and my heart hath been given up to do his will. I have preached the gospel freely in this city, and have often given up my life for the gospel's sake.

Lord, rip open my heart, and see if it be not right before thee.' Another time he said, 'There lies no iniquity at my door; but the presence of the Lord is with me, and his life I feel justifies me.' Afterwards he said to the Lord, Thou hast loved me from my birth, and I have loved thee from my cradle, and from my youth unto this day, and have served thee faithfully in my generation.'

He spoke to Friends that were about him to live in love and peace, and love one another; and said, 'The Lord takes the righteous from the evil to come and prayed for his enemies and persecutors, and said, 'Lord, forgive Richard Brown who imprisoned me." Again he said, "Though this body of clay must turn to dust, yet I have this testimony, that I have served God in my generation; and that spirit which hath lived, and acted, and ruled in me, shall yet break forth in thousands.' In the morning before he departed, being sensible of his death, he said, 'Now my soul and spirit is centered in its own being with God, and this form of person must return from whence it was taken.' And after a little season, he gave up the ghost, as a martyr for the word of God, and testimony of Jesus.

He was born in 1635, began to preach 1652, and died 1662, of whose written labors there is a volume printed, containing almost nine hunbred pages in folio.-Piety Promoted.

MAINE LAW ILLUSTRATIONS.

A correspondent of the "Portland Journal" communicates the following facts-worth reading:

to depend upon hire, so he bought a pew for them and went with them himself; became a different man, and his family became one of the happiest of families. Had it not been for the passage of the Maine Law, in all human probability, this man would never have changed his course; and nine chances to one he would have found a drunkard's grave.

Another family moved from Maine to P—, New Hampshire, some twenty years ago. The husband and father was a hard drinker. He grew worse and worse; in the midst of new and dissolute companions, he drank up all he could earn. After a year or two at their new home, the wife and mother, an industrious, economical and virtuous woman, said to her husband one day, "You may have all your own wages, and if you will, you may drink them up, only you shall not ask me for my earnings, nor interfere with my plans. My mind is made up! I will agree to meet my own expenses, and support the children, if you will only support yourself, or let me alone. Yea, more, I will take boarders and try to save a little every year." The man was rather pleased with the resoluteness and calculation of his better half. The bargain was made and faithfully kept. The husband was true to his part, and more especially the first clause. The wife succeeded in laying up about a hundred dollars annually from her hard earned wages, for sixteen successive years. Then she bought her a little place, paying down for it in the saved money. About this time the Maine Law passed in our own State. "Now," said the wife to her husband, der this Maine Law, there to bring up my family; "I am going back with my children to live unand you may go with me-I should like to have Not long since I fell in company with an old you-provided, you will behave yourself as you acquaintance, a clergyman from P, New ought. I am going to sell my place here, and Hampshire. He spoke of the influence of the buy a little farm down in Maine, and you shall Maine Law over the rumseller, and over the most take care of it, and it shall be yours, if you will hopeless drinker. A man lived at N. B. in the only keep sober." Again the bargain was made. State of Maine, who owned considerable property, The husband was delighted with the change. He and yet kept a low grog shop. It was his uni- was now away from temptation. The burden form habit to sell a hogshead of rum every month, was rolled off; he reformed. The family were regularly, and sometimes in three weeks. He happy and once more went to church together. was, moreover, his own customer. He would sell That was about two years ago. This man has enough to others to furnish his own drinks free, had only one fit of intoxication since. Then he and make a profitable business besides. He was went back to P――, was surrounded by his old as sure to get well "over the bay," himself companions and temptations; and was beastly pretty early every day. But he would manage drunk every day for a week. He got sick and so as not to make any foolish bargains while in ashamed of such a course; hurried home, solthis state of intoxication, and thus held on to his emnly affirming he would never go to P property. He would sometimes shamefully abuse again. He has done nobly since, and now he is his wife and children. He was, withal, a staunch one of the strongest of the strong Maine Law men. democrat. So, as soon as the Law was passed, He knows that this Law has done him and his he said, "I am for order; though I may not like family more good than any other measure devised. the law, so long as it is the law of the land, I am Portland, April 3, 1854. bound to obey it and shall obey it." The word had gone forth-he stopped selling; shut up his shop at once; moved on to a farm which he owned a little way from the village, encouraged his family to go to church, said it was not best

T.

Better say nothing, than not to the purpose. And to speak pertinently, consider both what is fit, and when it is fit to speak.-W. PENN.

THE WAR PRINCIPLE ESSENTIALLY ILLEGAL.

I shall restrict my observations to one point, namely, the principle of armed negotiations, which unhappily prevails at present so extensively

in the intercourse of nations.

When we look a nation in the face, and speak to it, we address it as a Government. In that capacity it moves and acts at home and abroad. We see in it the embodiment of legislation, the administration of the law. It personates a Supreme Court of Justice, to which every individual is amenable; aye, more than this-to which the State itself is amenable-its sovereign, its President, its parliament, its judges. The most absolute monarch in Europe would hardly venture to appropriate to himself the vineyard or the windmill of the humblest subject, without compensation or leave. The Queen of England would hesitate even to close a footpath across a royal domain, which had been trod by successive generations of the people. Every Government represents and enforces the common law of the

human conscience.

Thus, under all Governments, it is not only a recognised principle of equity, but probably an established law of the land, that all commercial transactions, all compacts or agreements beween individuals, are "null and void," if it can be proved that one of the contracting parties was under personal fear of the other, restricted in the exercise of his free will in signing the agreement. The justice of this principle is so self-evident, that it enacts itself into a law in every civilized society, and may be found even among the uncivilized barbarians. The Governments of Christendom make the validity of these transactions depend upon the proof or presumption, that the negotiation and ratification were the acts of a sane mind and perfectly free will. This is a positive law, which these Governments not only enforce but obey, in their transactions with their subjects, with the same homage to its authority, as if it were the statute of a Supreme Court of Nations. Before this august law of equity, all distinctions and disparities of rank disappear, to a certain extent, as they do before the Throne of Eternal Justice. The State descends to an equal footing with its humblest subject. When the powerful sovereign of Prussia wished to incorporate with his royal domain the site of a windmill, owned by an humble subject, he descended to a complete parity with him before this law. For, when the miller stood out against his royal overture, he went to law with him before their legal tribunal, and he was beaten; he lost his case. And that windmill to this day strikes out its bold arms manfully at the Palace of Sans Souci, in the triumph of this sublime principle of equity, and as a standing monument of a homage to that principle which is still regarded by every royal occupant of that Palace as ranking among the first honors of the Prussian Crown.

Such is the principle of equity and justice enacted into a positive law. Now, if the practice which every Government in Christendom has of an "Armed Negotiation" between Governments is not an aggravated violation of this principle and law of justice, what is the object of this proceeding? What but a demonstration of physical force, intended to overawe the free volition of one or both the negotiating parties; to compel more favorable terms by the presence of armies and navies? If we may use such a term, what is the policy of that fundamental principle of equity upon which all valid transactions between individuals are based? It is, that the parties shall negotiate, not only in the exercise of unbiassed free will, but in good will, for their mutual and equal advantage; that the treaty or agreement may be ratified by permanent satisfaction. Yet we have statesmen, diplomatists, and conductors of public journals, and men of every talent and position, who advocate the support of large armies and navies, on the ground that they compel favorable terms in negotiating treaties with foreign powers! To such an extent has this policy and practice perverted the moral perceptions of men of intelligence, that, at the conclusion of such a treaty, they exult aloud in expressions like these, 'We never should have secured such favorable terms, had it not been for our army or navy?' And these are favorable terms ! and these are the conditions of an arrangement between Governments embodying and personating law! But the partisans of this policy admit the precarious tenure of obligations imposed and assumed under these circumstances. They virtually concede, that the advantages obtained by a demonstration of brute force, must be retained by it; that treaties made in the threatening presence of armies and navies, render armies and navies necessary to enforce and perpetuate their authority.-Elihu Burritt.

AMERICAN SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATION. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS.-Dr. J. Lawrence

Smith, of Louisville, Ky., read portions of a paper on the Meteoric Stones, with an account of some recently discovered.

METEORIC STONES.-He exhibited several small meteorites, and some large ones. A fragment of one in his possession he showed, of which the whole body weighed over 60 pounds. It was found in Tazewell county, Tennessee. A large one from Saltillo, Mexico, lay on the table, weighing 260 pounds.

Mr. Bartlett (Boundary Commissioner) had described to him one specimen, which weighed 600 pounds, and its greatest length was five feet. These bodies are composed principally of nickeliferous iron with portions of cobalt, copperas, copper and phosphorus. The iron generally amounts to 95 parts out of a hundred. But in all meteorites we find one combination of these

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