a inferior by nature to the people of the United | who may live to return to their homes will have States. Upon an average they are four or five learned to appreciate the privileges and comforts inches less in stature; and the mental difference of civil life in a civilized land. But many a poor is probably much greater than the physical. In home-sick fellow is destined to enjoy those prithe presence of Americans they appear sensible vileges and taste those comforts no more. Even of this inferiority, submitting moodily to their now, when there is no fighting in the field, and will, however capricious or unreasonable. at the healthiest season of the year, they are Our army exercises full control in the city, dropping like leaves in autumn, and with almost occupying the public buildings, and making use as little attention. There are between eleven of whatever else they have occasion for. The and twelve hundred in the hospital at this place, inhabitants pursue their usual avocations, and and at nearly every hour of the day the death observe their own laws and civil regulations, cart, followed by a file of soldiers, may be seen subject, however, to military interference at the passing out at the eastern gate of the city. At pleasure of our officers. The citizens are often Jalapa and Perote there is more sickness and subjected to military punishment. A few hours mortality than at Vera Cruz; and at every place after my arrival I saw an American and a Mexi- in this part of Mexico where troops are stationed can tied up and whipped till they were nearly there are more in the hospitals than can be flayed. Such scenes have been often repeated mustered for duty. Some are slain by guerrillas, since, and are of almost daily occurrence. It is some assassinated, and some poisoned by the a pity this barbarous practice should be retained citizens; but disease, the enemy most dreaded, in our army. War itself, however, being an is mowing them down almost by companies. abrogation of all principles of humanity, in which Ships and steamboats are arriving daily from cities are battered down, and helpless citizens the United States, crowded with robust recruits, crushed and slaughtered by the thousand because coming like sheep to the slaughter; but are rulers fall out, it would not perhaps be consist- freighted back with a meager company of the ent that humanity should characterize any of its disabled and discharged, emaciated and disconsocircumstances. late, like Charon's ghosts, and carrying home The newspapers of the United States em- maimed limbs and broken constitutions for life. blazon the "pomp and circumstance" of this Such is a glimpse of the reality of war. That war, but are almost silent about its miseries. By I have no part or lot in its concerns, but am pertheir loud hurras to the “gallant officers” and mitted to hasten away, as I now do, to the bosom laudations of the “brave troops panting for the of my family, thanks to the God of peace ! charge,” they would make a man believe it a · Nat. Intel. glorious thing to be a soldier and go to war. The first glance here might possibly only DEFENCE AGAINST DOGS. strengthen the delusion ; for his eye would be attracted by a host of superior officers, paymas Homer informs us, •Odyssey,' B. 14, that ters, and other high functionaries of the army, the fury of a dog in attacking an approaching all glittering in military trappings, whose heavy stranger is appeased by the man's sitting down : tread and head erect, fierce moustaches and Soon as Ulysses near the enclosure drew, “ terrible aspect,” would make him wonder how With open mouths the furions mastiffs flew: mere mortals could grow so great! But let him Down sat the Sage, and cautious to withstand, become a private soldier and speak to one of Let fall the offensive truncheon from his hand. Pope. them, and he will perchance learn something of the truth. The dignitary addressed may give That this, even at the present day, is a well-unhim an answer, or he may give him a kick, with derstood mode of defence, appears from a a fierce oath whistling through his beard--it de- paragraph in Mure's Journal of a Tour in pending entirely upon the humor he happens to Greece and the Ionian Islands : At Argos, be in at the time. I have seen privates and infe- one evening, at the table of General Gordon, rior officers approaching their superiors, hat in then commanding in chief in the Morea, the hand, and addressing them with marks of the conversation happened to turn on the number profoundest respect, treated, on the most capri- and fierceness of the Greek dogs, when one of cious and absurd grounds, with such indignity as the company remarked, that he knew a very a dog should not be compelled to bear, and simple expedient for appeasing their fury. obliged to receive it with dumb submission. Happening, on a journey, to miss his road, Military discipline sinks the common soldier to and being overtaken by darkness, he sought the grade of brutes in point of rights and con- refuge for the night at a pastoral settlement sideration; giving to officers the power to insult by the way-side. As he approached, the dogs and abuse him with impunity—a power of which rushed out upon him; and the consequences many are unmanly enough to make the most might have been serious, had he not been arbitrary use. rescued by an old shepherd, the Eumæus of the The soldiers are beartily tired of the service, fold, who sallied forth, and finding that the inand long for the time of their discharge. Those I truder was but a benighted traveller, after pelting 12 off his assailants, gave him a hospitable recep-, housekeeping, is over $450,000 a year !! But tion in his hut. His guest made some remark New York is not alone. If such are the advanon the watchfulness and zeal of his dogs, and tages to New York, from her short lines now in on the danger to which he had been exposed in use, how much greater will they be when her their attack. The old man replied that it was roads, now under way, shall be completed. his own fault, for not taking the customary pre- So with Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, caution in such an emergency : that he ought to Richmond, and other cities, as well as the vast have stopped, and sat down, until some person interior of our wide spread country, are just whom the animals knew came to protect him. beginning to derive the advantages of the railAs this expedient was new to the traveller, he road system; and, therefore, we may look for made some further enquiries; and was assured an extension of it, during the ensuing fifteen that if any person in such a predicament will years, scarcely anticipated now, even by the simply seat himself on the ground, laying aside most sanguine.—Railroad Journal. his weapons of defence, the dogs will also squat in a circle round him: that as long as he MUSINGS OF LIFE AND DEATH. remains quiet, they will follow his example ; but as soon as he rises and moves forward, they The life of man may be compared to the life will renew the assault.' -Couch's Illustrations of vegetation in the spring and summer seasons. . of Instinct. All seems to be life and animation. The opening bud, the verdant leaf, and beautiful flower, all show forth the wise and wonderful proviADVANTAGES OF RAIL ROADS. dence of the Lord of nature. So man, in childThe change produced in Europe and in this hood and youth, comes forth fresh and fair as country, within the last fifteen years, by the con- the blossoms of May, with flattering prospects of struction of railroads, though partially visible to future life and happiness, though often disapthe eye, can hardly be estimated. pointed in his expectations. Summer comes, There were then in use the following roads, when the warmer beams of the sun, and refreshviz: ing showers, bring vegetation to a greater degree Baltimore and Ohio' 61 miles. of perfection, and ripen the golden harvest. So Albany and Schenectady the springtide of life soon passes away with man, Charleston, S. C., 20 and he arrives at a state of maturity, and more Mauch Chunk fully enters on the labours, cares and business Quincy, Mass. 6 of life, and thus to bear the burden and heat of the day of life. The season of autumn comes. Making in this country about 108 miles, The days shorten, and the beautiful green dress while there was not then half that extent in all of the forest and orchard turns pale and falls to Europe completed; whereas now there are in this the ground. But the farmer has much of the country at least four thousand five hundred fruits of summer to gather and preserve for future miles in constant use, and about six thousand use or time of need. He can scarcely accommiles completed in Europe-by which the mode plish all he wishes till winter comes blustering of travelling and the transaction of business are along, with its fierce north winds, with storms nearly revolutionized. of hail and snow, chilling the strearns, and bindWe find also, that coal was selling in New ing the earth as with adamantine chains, and the York at that time, for fifteen dollars a ton! and world of nature looks barren, old, and dead, as hickory wood at thirteen dollars a cord!! if it never could again produce enough to supply Whereas, at the present time, the first may be the wants of its innumerable family. What got for $5 50 to $6 per ton, and the latter at $7 then? Must we despair, and famish, and die? per cord, delivered. Then the people of New Surely not. We will claim the bow of promise, York paid, in winter, 6 to 8 cents a quart for that while the earth remaineth, seed-time and milk, but now they get a better article for 4 to 5 harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, shall cents. The evidence of the advantage of rail- not cease. The earth is not dead, but only roads to the people of New York, may be infer- asleep. When it has rested awhile, and slept red from the amount of a single article carried on out the cold night of winter, it will wake up rethe New York and Erie road, during the past freshed, and produce a resurrection of vegetayear, viz : ten million quarts of milk—which at tion, and all will flourish and bloom again. But the former average price, six cents, would be who will see it we know not. Let every one, $600,000, and at the present average price, 4. then, prepare to meet his God. With men, and cents, the saving, on what passes over this road women too, autumn may well be compared to the alone, will be $150,000 a year—but, as not more declining years of life when strength fails, and than one-third, if even that proportion of the milk beauty fades. But what fruit have they? Have used in the city, comes by this line, the aggregate they been justified through faith, sanctified by of economy to the people of New York, on milk grace, and brought forth the fruits of holinessalone, one of the smallest items of expense of perfect love? Then may they be prepared for 9 the winter season of life-old age and death. -But hark !—a sound ascends from other years, Then man goeth to his long home; yea, man The brightening visions of departed seers, Whose giveth up the ghost, and where is he?' This is eye illum'd with heaven-descended rays, the great question, where is man when he has Dejected Exile ! wake a bolder strain, Explored the depth of uncreated days. given up the ghost ? We know that the mortal Thy foot shall bound on Jordan's banks again ! body sleeps in the bosom of its mother earth, Thine eyes behold where once the prophets trod, but where the immortal mind that never dies is The Promised—the Anointed One of God! we know not. But let us hear what our Lord And lo! He comes !—but not in flame or storm, He comes in lowly guise and humble form! said to his disciples : “ I go to prepare a place Emanuel of nations-living Lord,– for you. I will come again and receive you to Eternal Spirit, --uncreated word ? myself, that where I am there ye may be also.” Son of the Highest-with His glory crown’d, And to the penitent on the cross he said, " To- Heir of all worlds-above all powers enthroned ! day shalt thou be with me in paradise.” And The hardened heart shall feel, the deaf shall hear ! His gracious voice, His heavenly truth severe, Paul said, “ It is far better to be absent from the His works of wondrous love the blind shall see, body, and to be present with the Lord.” Do The lame shall leap with joy, from bondage free ; not these sacred truths plainly say that the im- The palsied arm with sinewy strength shall swell, mortal spirits of our friends that sleep in Jesus And een where death had seized his pallid prey, The leprous skin its new-born health reveal ; are living in some happy paradise with the Lord, Where clay-cold limbs in earth's dark bosom lay, nourished by that bread and water of life where- The Word of Power shall burst the icy chain; by it is said believers shall live for ever? Reviving pulses lightly throb again: Christian Advocate. The kindling orb its visual ray receive, The bandaged form arise~come forth- and live! NOVEL SPECULATION. Sing, captive Daughter !-widowad Queen, rejoice! In Salem thou shalt hear Messiah's voice; A mercantile house at Berlin has proposed to Yet, will thy sons His lowly advent own, all the railway companies of Germany, to supply Or hail a Saviour, but on David's throne ? all their carriages with silk blinds for nothing. Will they receive—and humbly yield belief, They simply propose to reserve to themselves The Lord of Glory in the Man of Grief ? -Ah! he whose right it to wear the crown, the right of changing the blinds as often as they whose word can summon angel armies down ; please, and they require the companies to en- He, at whose throne the nations, bending low, gage themselves not to accept, during fifty years, with reverent homage-or in judgment--bow, either for money or gratuitously, any blinds but From radiant realms of heavenly joy must come, theirs. Their object is to cover the blinds with A houseless wanderer from his blissful home; Must bear the impious taunt, the reckless gibe, advertisements.-Railroad Journal. Of haughty Pharisee, and scoffing Scribe ; Endure the anguish of the thorn-crowned brow, The daring mockery of his hour of woe; The conflict of the body's dying pain,- A glorious body, soon to rise again, When, Nature's ruthless conqueror captive led, In hapless exile borne to stranger shores, The grave yields up the first fruits of the dead! By foreign waters, captive Zion wept, But in these bright and glorious gospel days, Her lonely harp in silent sorrow slept : In Goshen-lands of Truth's meridian blaze, No prophet hand attuned the dulcet chords, Are there not those—the Christian's grief and shame, Nor holy seer awakened heavenly words ; Who claim a portion in the Saviour's name, Yet reason, faithless, on the path He trod, And own the Prophet, but deny the God, The minstrel band no longer dare to raise Still in the heart to Israel's folly true, The joyful song of Zion's better days : – Though the pierced side is open to their view,Their pensive thoughts to Judah’s valleys rove, They crucify the Lord of Life anew; And mourn the ruin of the land they love; Perversely blind, and like the ancient Jew, That land where once luxuriant harvests bow'd, Obtuse of heart, they know not what they do. That blighted gift of an offended God. Yet e’en for these the healing current flowed, No more they roam o'er Palestina's hills, The costly ransom of his precious blood; Through balmy groves, beside refreshing rills; Yet e'en for these, compassionate, he pleads, Or musing o'er the prophet page, recline For these, at God's right hand for ever intercedes. Beneath the shady palm, or clustered vine : No more for them the flowers of Sharon bloom, O Thou, who look’st with tender pity down Nor Carmel's balmy borders breathe perfume; On erring man, from thine eternal throne ! The dews of Hermon vainly fall for them, Whose mercy more divinely condescends, And idly Jordan rolls his sacred stream : The lowlier thine humble creature bends, The Cedar monarch from his lofty throne, As Zionward he turns a prayerful gaze, To strangers yields the pride of Lebanon ; Hear! and forgive, in heaven thy dwelling place! And-deeper grief !—the temple's holy things, If e’er, elate with reason's opening powers, Profaned at banquets of Chaldean kings, In wayward fights of inexperienced hours, In proud display adorn the festive board, My ardent mind essayed to overreach And grace the revels of their heathen lord. The ample knowledge Thou art pleased to teach ; Mourn—thou afflicted, bruised, forsaken One ! Above the bounds of lawful wisdom shoot, Unhappy outcast of a ruined throne. And dare the dangers of forbidden fruit; The waters strong, and many, are unchained, The venturous thought, from false ambition free, And darken all the borders of thy land. Was purely love of Truth-and love of Thee. But ah! the dove that leaves her ark of rest, Corn had still further declined, and cotton had adOn feeble wing to roam the boundless waste, yanced. Finance and trade generally had deciO’er pathless regions of a shoreless sea, dedly improved. The English Government had de. Must turn again—to seek repose in Thee. termined on a large increase of the national de. Thou High and Holy One! in life and death fences”-part of the plan being to double the arAbase the reasoner, purify my faith; tillery force, and embody 250,000 militia. Distress Oh! rend the rock of adamant, impart and destitution continued to increase in Ireland. A reverent spirit and believing heart, Down by the cool and silent springs to prove The French Government had prohibited the “ ReRefreshing draughts of Thy sustaining love ! form banquets,” and resolved to prevent them For not on mountain tops, in cloudy spheres, from taking place in future. The announcement The voice of wisdom strikes aspiring ears; of this determination in the Chamber of Deputies, Far in the bosom's deep recess she dwells, is said to have produced a' tremendous excitement, In lowly valleys and sequestered dells; forcibly, calling to mind the terrible scenes of the Where, gently taught, the filial heart may prove Revolutionary Convention. The rebellion in Sicily Thy slain and risen Son, is life, and light, and love, and Naples had resulted in the success of the in. And when the growing grain of living faith, surgents, who had compelled the King to grant Removes the mountain from the pilgrim's path, them a constitution to be founded on the same He sees the beauty of her pleasant ways, 'principles as the French Charter of 1830, including Her walls Salvation, and her gates of praise ! two chambers, the royal inviolability, the respon sibility of ministers, the liberty of the press, and SUMMARY OF NEWS. the national guard.” The Roman Catholic, howCONGRESS.—The Senate has been chiefly em rated. Austria continues to pour troops into Italy, ever, remains to be the only religion which is toleployed in Executive session, in the discussion of where she has now an army of 150,000 men. Eng . the Treaty with Mexico. It is understood that by land had interfered in behalf of the Pope, and inthe terms of the Treaty, the United States are to pay formed Austria that any armed interference with Mexico $15,000,000 for the territory acquired, and the measures of reform prosecnted in the Papal assume the payment of the claims of our citizens States, will be considered by the former as a de. against the latter republic, making the price of the claration of war. It is reported that both Etna and acquisition about $20,000,000, beside the enormous Vesuvius were vomiting forth flames, and an erupexpenses of the war. A proposition has been of- tion of Java was daily expected. Frederick VII , fered to lay the Treaty on the table, and appoint the new King of Denmark, has granted a constituthree or more eminent statesmen as Commission. tion to his subjects. It is to be submitted to the ers, to proceed to Mexico and negotiate a new and examination of deputies, who are to be elected by more satisfactory agreement. This proposition the States. seems to meet with considerable favour, and it is probable that the Treaty will either be ratined with considerable amendment, or the latter plan will be HAVERFORD SCHOOL. adopted. It is proposed to open this School on Fourth day, The Honse has been engaged on the bill to sup the 10th of Fifth month next, for the admission of ply deficiencies in the appropriations for the last the sons of Friends, and of others professing with fiscal year. On the 28th ult., a resolution was of them, who desire their children to be educated in fered for the repeal of all laws authorizing the im- conformity with the principles of our religious prisonment of fugitive slaves in the prisons of the Society. District of Columbia. This resolution was laid The Officers of the Institution will be A resolution embodying the Wilmot Pro- LINDLEY Murray Moore, Principal and Teacher viso was laid on the table, 105 to 93. of English Literature. PENNSYLVANIA LEGISLATURE.-On the 29th ult., Hugh D. Vail, Teacher of Mathematics and a series of resolutions in relation to the Mexican Natural Philosophy. War, passed the Senate. An amendment to one Joseph W. Aldrich, Teacher of the Latin and of them, sustaining the Wilmot Proviso, was adopt Greek languages and Ancient Literature. ed by a'vote of 20 to 7. Resolutions approving of The price for Board and Tuition is $200 per anWhitney's proposition for a rail road to ihe Pacific, num, payable as follows, viz. :-$60 at the openand recommending the subject to the early atten- ing, and $60 at the middle of the Winter term, and tion of Congress, have passed both Houses. $80 at the opening of the Summer term. VENEZUELA.-This State is in a fearful condition. Applications for admission must be made to the It seems that the President had become very un Secretary of the Board of Managers, Charles Yarpopular, and the Congress had determined to im nal), No. 39 High street, Philadelphia. peach him, but on the opening of that body, they particularly requested to forward their names im IT Parents who propose entering students, are were attacked by a band of soldiers, apparently mediately, in order to admit of the necessary arset on by the President, and a number of the members were massacred. The remainder were after rangements being made. wards escorted to the hall by the President and his guards, and compelle to pass several acts, MEETING OF THE FREE PRODUCE ASSOamong which was one exonerating the Executive CIATION. from all censure. The distinguished General Paez The next general meeting of the Free Produce had pronounced against the Government, both par; Association of Friends of Philadelphia Yearly ties were raising troops, and an immediate civil Meeting, will be held in Clarkson Hall, on Sixth war was expected. day, the 17th of Third month next, at half-past EUROPE.-By the arrival of the Britannia at Bos seven o'clock, P. M. ton, dates to the 12th ult., have been received. GEORGE W. TAYLOR, Secretary. over, FRIENDS REVIEW. Ꮃ . A RELIGIOUS, LITERARY AND MISCELLANEOUS JOURNAL. VOL. I. PHILADELPHIA, TIIRD MONTH 18, 1848. No. 26. EDITED BY ENOCH LEWIS. all valued themselves upon their claim to it; and further, that all could not be right, when they Published Weekly by Josiah Tatum, so widely differed one from another. To relieve No. 50 North Fourth Street,! himself by arriving at a determinate choice, he PHILADELPHIA. betook himself to the close reading of the New Price two dollars per annum, payable in advance, or six Testament, as the only certain way of knowing copies for ten dollars. the religion of Christ in its primitive purity. By This paper is subject to newspaper postage only. such means was he brought clearly to see, in ROBERT BARCLAY AND FRIENDS IN what this essentially consists, and what was the shape its several professors had put upon it. He SCOTLAND. saw, that in itself it was “ righteousness, and (Continued from page 387.) peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost,”-that it David Barclay had now passed through many taught to be humble, patient, self-denying,—to vicissitudes ; had tasted of prosperity and ad- endure all things, to suffer all things;—not to versity, and by his general conduct among men, place our happiness or comfort on this world, or had obtained the approbation of most with whom the things of it. he had been concerned. His retirement from Whilst under these considerations, he heard of the world, had given him a sight of his own heart, a people, called in derision Quakers, who under and of the uncertainty of all temporal things; great reproach for their singularity and abstractedeach day giving fresh evidence of their insta- ness from the world, bore, in much plainness bility in every condition, from that of the King and simplicity, a remarkable testimony against upon his throne, to that of the most destitute. all the follies and vanities of the world, as well He observed too, that neither justice nor inno- in their practice as in words; and he considered, cency could protect, nor good offices done se. that if they were really such as even their enecure a man from malice, envy, and persecution. mies were forced to acknowledge, there must be In this perplexity, he thought it was high time somewhat extraordinary about them. These his for him, who had spent so much of his day in private thoughts, he afterward communicated on the service of others, (being then between fifty several occasions to his friends. and sixty years of age,) to bestow the remainder Accordingly, with the greatest earnestness did wholly in the service of God, and by so doing he set about an examination and inquiry relative more directly answer the great end of his crea- to this way, which was indeed “everywhere tion. Under these considerations, he looked spoken against." Being in London about this around him with the greatest anxiety and earnest- time, he “had converse with several Friends ness, to know, in the midst of so many pretend- both there and elsewhere,” as the Record preers, what society of Christians to join with. served at Ury distinctly states, “ whereby his One observation he had made upon all the differ- mind became convinced” with regard to the ent persuasions, that each of them laid claim to tenets held by Friends. Some months after this, be the only true Christians, yet not only differed being a prisoner in Edinburgh Castle, together from, but persecuted one another with the with John Swintoune, David Barclay was congreatest violence, as opportunity came into their siderably “strengthened and assisted" instruhand; and this, for the very reason which had mentally by this individual, in making an open rendered themselves the object of persecution, avowal of his sentiments. It is said of Swinnamely, their differing from others. His inter- toune, that during his imprisonment he was more course with the world, both abroad and at home, concerned to spread the views he had adopted, had given him ample occasion to make such re- than to defend his own life; and it appears, that marks on their practice; while the perusal of on this occasion, the Governor of the Castle, to their several systems of divinity, while in his prevent the infection of his opinions, shut him retirement, had afforded him full insight into up for several weeks close prisoner, debarring their several credenda. Upon the whole, he con- him from all sort of intercourse. With much cluded, that the Christian religion must in itself wisdom, however, as well as patience and caube very good, and the only true religion, since tion, did David Barclay pursue his inquiry, be |