EXAMPLES.

1. A, B and C hold a pasture in common, for which they pay 19l. per annum." A put in 8 oxen for 6 weeks; B 12 oxen for 8 weeks; and C 12 oxen for 12 weeks ; what must each pay of the rent?

£

s. d. 8x 6= 48

48 : S 3 4 A's pt. 12 x 8= 96

96 : 6 6 8 B's 12x12=144 SAs 288 : 191.. : 144 : 9 10 0 C's

426 1

Sum 288

Proof 19 0 0 2. Two merchants traded in company ; A put in 215 dols. for 6 months, and B 390 dols. for 9 months, but by misfortune they lose 200 dols. ; how must they share the loss ? Ans. A's loss $53, 75cts. B's $148, 25cts.

3. Three persons had received 665 dols. interest: A had put in 4000 dols. for 12 months, B 3000 dols. for 15 months, and C 5000 dols. for 8 months; how much is each man's part of the interest ?

Ans. $240, B $225 and C 8200 4. Two partners gained by trading 1101. 12s.: A's stock was 1201. 10s. for 4 months, and B's 2001. for 6! months; what is each man's part of the gain ? Ans. A's part £,29 18s. 3 d.1954. B’s £80 13s. 8/d. 19.

5. Two merchants enter into partnership for 18 months. A at first put into stock 500 dollars, and at the end of 8 months he put in 100 dollars more; B at first put in 800 dollars, and at 4 month's end took out 200 dols. At the expiration of the time they find they have gained 700 dol. lars; what is each man's share of the gain ?

Ans. 8324, 07 4+.4's share.

S

28375, 92 5+B's. do 6. A and B companied ; A put in the first of January, 1000 chols.; but B could not put in any till the first May; what did he then put in to have an equal shax with A at the year's end ? Mo. $ Mo.

$
As 12 : 1000 ::8: 1000x12=1500 Ans.

sixth ;

a

DOUBLE RULE OF THREE.' THIS Rule teaches to resolve at once such questions as require two or more statings in simple proportion, whether direct or inverse. In this rule there are always five terms given to find a

the three first terms of which are a supposition, the two last a demand.

RULE. In stating the question, place the terms of the supposition so that the principal cause of loss, gain or action possess the first place; that which signifies time, distance of place, &c. in the second place; and the remaing term in the third place. Place the terms of demand, under those of the same kind in the supposition. If the blank place or term sought, fall under the third term, the pro proportion is direct; then multiply the first and second terms together for a divisor, and the other three for a dividend : but if the blank fall under the first or second term, the proportion is inverse; then multiply the third and fourth térms together for a divisor, and the other three for a dividend, and the quotient will be the answer.

EXAMPLES.

1. If 7 men can build 36 rods of wall in 3 days; how many rods can 20 men build in 14 days?

7 : 3 :: 36 Terms of supposition. 20 : 14

Terms of demand 36

84

42

504

20

7*3=21)10080( 480 rods. Ans. 2. If 1001. principal will gain 61. interest in 12 months, what will 4001. gain in 7 months ? Principal 1001. : 12mo. : : 61. Int.

3. If 1001. will gain 6l. a year ; in wnat time will 4001. gain 141. £. ino. £.

100 ; 12 :: 6
400 ;
: : 14

Ans. une months. 4. If 4001. gain 141. in 7 months; what is the rate per cent. per annum ? £. mo.

Int. 400 : 7 :: 14 100 : 12

Ans. 46. 5. What Principal at 6l. per cent. per annum, will gain 141. in 7 months ? £mo. Int.

100 : 12 : : 6

7:: 14 Ans. £,400 6. An usurer put out 861. to receive interest for the same; and when it had continued 8 months, he received principal and interest, 88l. 175. 4d. ; I demand at what rate per cent. per ann. he received interest ? Ans. 5 per ct.

7. If 20 bushels of wheat are sufficient for a family of 8 persons 5 months, how much will be sufficient for 4 per. sons 12 months ?

Ans. 24 bushels. 8. If 30 men perform a piece of work in 20 days; how many men will accomplish another piece of work 4 times as large in a fifth part of the time :

50 : 20 :: 1
4:: 4

Ans. 600. 9. If the carriage of 5 cwt. 3 qrs. 150 miles, cost 24 dollars 58 cents ; what must be paid for the carriage of 7 cwt. 2 qrs. 25 lb. 64 miles at the same rate ?

Ans. $14, 08cts. 6m. + 10. If 8 men can build a wall 20 feet long, 6 feet high and 4 feet thick, in 12 days ; in what time will 24 men build one 200 feet long, 3 feet high, and 6 feet thick ?

8: 12 : : 20 X6X4

а

24 :

200X8X6 80 days, Ans. '

CONJOINED PROPORTION, Is when the coins, weights or measures of several countries are compared in the same question; er it is joining bany proportions together, and by the elation which

several antecedents have to their consequents, the proportion between the first antecedent and the last consequent is discovered, as well as the proportion between the others in their several respects.

NOTE.—This rule may generally be abridged by cancelling equal quantities, or terms that happen to be the same in both columns: and it may be proved by as many statings in the Single Rule of Three as the nature of the question may require.

CASE I. When it is required to find how many of the first sort of coin, weight or measure, mentioned in the question, are equal to a given quantity of the last.

RULE. Place the numbers alternately, beginning at the left hand, and let the last number stand on the left hand column; then multiply the left hand column continually for a dividend, and the right hand for a divisor, and the quotient will be the answer.

EXAMPLES.

1. If 100 lb. English make 95 lb. Flemish, and 19 lb. Flemish 25 lb. at Bologna ; how many pounds English are equal to 50 lb. at Bologna ? lb.

lb. 100 Eng.=95 Flemish. 19 Fle. =25 Bologna ? 50 Bologna. Then 95x25=2375 the divisor,

95000 dividend, and 2375)95000(40 Ans.

2. If 40 lb. at New-York make 48 lb. at Antwerp, and 30 lb. at Antwerp make 36 lb. at Leghorn; how many Ib. at New-York are equal to 144 lb. at Leghorn ?

Ans. 100lb. 3. If 70 braces at Venice be equal to 75 braces at Leghorn, and 7 braces at Leghorn be equal to 4 American yards; how many braces at Venice are equal to 64 American yards ?

Ans. 10475

CASE II. When it is required to find how many of the last sort of coin, weight or measure, mentioned in the question, are equal to a given quantity of the first.

RULE. Place the numbers alternately, beginning at the left hand, and let the last number stand on the right hand , then multiply the first row for a divisor, and the second for a dividend.

EXAMPLES.

1. If 24 lb. at New-London make 20ʻlb. at Amsterdam, and 50 ib. at Amsterdam 60 lb. at Paris ; how many at Paris are equal to 40 at New-London? Left. Right. 24 x 20 20 X 60 X 40 = 48000 50 = 60

40 Ans. 40 24 x 50 = 1200 2. If 50 lb. at New-York make 45 at Amsterdam, and 80 lb. at Amsterdam make 103 at Dantzic; how many lb. at Dantzic are equal to 240 at N. York: Ans. 27010

3. If 20 braces at Leghorn be equal to 11 vares at Lisbon, and 40 vares at Lisbon to 80 braces at Lucca;

ces at Lucca are equal to 100 braces at Leghorn?

Ans. 110.

low inany

EXCHANGE. By this rule merchants know what sum of money ought to be received in one country, for any sum of different specie paid in another, according to the given course of exchange.

To reduce the monies of foreign nations to that of the
United States, you may consult the following

TABLE:
Shewing the vaiue of the monies of account, of foreign

nations, estimated in Federal Money.* $ cts. Pound Sterling of Great Britain,

4 44 Pound Sterling of Ireland,

4 10 Livre of France,

0 181 Guilder or Florin of the U. Netherlands, 0 39 Mark Banco of Hamburgh,

0 33} Rix Dollar of Denmark,

1 0

*

* Laws U. S. A.;