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inspectors of oil; and fourth, inspectors of tobacco, snuff, and cigars. The whole number of these four classes of officers, including special agents and general agents, amounts to about seventeen hundred. We get rid of the special agents and revenue agents, of which I think there are eleven general agents, ten under one law and one under another, and some forty-two or forty-four special agents provided for by the existinglaw. We also repeal the law providing for general inspectors, amounting to some two hundred and twenty-five in number, and provide, instead of the five hundred inspectors of spirits or thereabouts, that there shall be a gauger and storekeeper paid by the Government and under the reach and control of the Government instead of these inspectors of spirits who now belong to the distillery. The inspectors of oil are of course got rid of by the repeal of the tax on oil. There remain, therefore, none but the inspectors of tobacco, snuff, and cigars. All of them, sixteen or seventeen hundred officers, are got rid of, with the exception of some one hundred and fifty or two hundred who have been employed as inspectors of tobacco, snuff, and cigars by the substitution for them of supervisors of revenue, and not exceeding twenty-five detectives, who may be employed throughout the United States, and the gaugers and storekeepers under the control of the authorities of the United States.

Mr. ELDRIDGE. Will the gentleman inform the House how many in number the officers have been reduced by this bill?

Mr. SCHENCK. More than one half the number have been got rid of, I should say, and I think a very much better system has been adopted.

Mr. ELDRIDGE. Does the gentleman include in that the number who have been substituted?

Mr. SCHENCK. Yes, sir; after allowing for all the substitution I should say that the whole aggregate number will be less than one halt what it was before, the names and duties being in some degree changed, but the actual number largely reduced.

Mr. BECK. One other question. By section twelve of this bill it is provided that two dollars per day shall be paid by all distillers fermenting over twenty bushels of grain, and so on in proportion; and that any distillery that shall suspend work shall pay two dollars per day during the time the work is suspended. Now, is it intended that they shall pay two dollars per day whether they are running or

not?

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Mr. SCHENCK. In regard to that matter we have agreed to adopt the language employed by the Senate, "except Sundays; they are not charged for Sundays. We also agree to the amendments of the Senate, and substitute the word "stopped" for the word "suspended." Now, if no other gentleman desires to catechise me any further, I will call the previous question.

The previous question was seconded and the main question ordered.

The question was upon agreeing to the report of the committee of conference.

Mr. ROSS. Can the question be taken separately upon the part in relation to the tax on banks?

The SPEAKER. It cannot; the report must be considered as a whole.

The report was then agreed to.

Mr. SCHENCK moved to reconsider the vote by which the report was agreed to; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the table.

The latter motion was agreed to.

CONDITION OF PUBLIC BUSINESS. Mr. WASHBURNE, of Illinois. I want to ask the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. SCHENCK] a question in view of the probable adjournment of this session, in which we are all so much interested. I would inquire of him what business there is now before the Committee of Ways and Means?

Mr. SCHENCK. The principal business before that committee of a public character is the funding bill, which has passed the Senate. We have bestowed considerable consideration upon that bill; and as the House referred it to us to-day, we hope to be able to report it back to the House in forty-eight hours with whatever amendments we may desire to have made to it.

PRINTING THE TAX LAW.

Mr. BECK. I would suggest to the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. SCHENCK] the propriety of moving that there be printed of the tax law a sufficient number of copies to inform the people of the country about the law.

Mr. SCHENCK. I think that is a very good suggestion. The report of the committee of conference having been agreed to by both Houses, it only remains for the President to sign the bill for it to become a law. I therefore move that twenty-five thousand copies of the tax bill, when it shall have been approved by the President, be printed for the use of members of this House, in pamphlet form, with an index, to be prepared by the clerk of the Committee of Ways and Means.

The motion was referred to the Committee on Printing under the law.

LAND OFFICE IN UTAH TERRITORY.

Mr. WASHBURNE, of Illinois. There is a bill upon the Speaker's table which will undoubtedly become a law. Some unimportant amendments have been made to it by the Senate. Those amendments ought to be concurred in for the purpose of putting the necessary appropriations in the deficiency appropriation bill, which is now in the Senate, and will be probably acted on there to-morrow. I ask unanimous consent to take it from the table for consideration at this time.

The SPEAKER, by unanimous consent, laid before the House amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. No. 202) to create the office of surveyor general in the Territory of Utah, establish a land office in said Territory, and extend the homestead and preemption laws over the same.

The amendments were read as follows:

On page 1, in line seven, strike out "shall" and insert have."

On same page, in line seventeen, after "land," insert of the United States."

On same page, in lines twelve and thirteen, strike out the words "to which the Indian title is or shall be extinguished."

On same page, in line ten, strike out "and" where it first occurs after the word "lands" and insert "of the United States."

The amendments were concurred in.

Mr. WASHBURNE, of Illinois, moved to reconsider the vote by which the amendments were concurred in; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the table. The latter motion was agreed to.

ROBERT FORD.

Mr. SHANKS. I ask the unanimous consent of the House to take from the Speaker's table for consideration at the present time the bill (S. No. 550) for the relief of Robert Ford.

There being no objection, the bill was taken from the Speaker's table and read a first and second time. It appropriates the sum of $814 to Robert Ford, in full payment for his time and services as a teamster in the quartermas ter's department of the Army from May 1, 1862, to August 1, 1864.

The bill was ordered to a third reading; and it was accordingly read the third time, and passed.

Mr. SHANKS moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the table.

The latter motion was agreed to.

CONTRACTS PAYABLE IN COIN.

On motion of Mr. SCHENCK, by unanimous consent, the bill (S. No. 180) relating to contracts payable in coin, was taken from the Speaker's table, read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee of Ways and Means.

SUITS AGAINST RAILROAD CORPORATIONS.

Mr. COOK, from the Committee on Roads and Canals, reported back a bill (H. R. No. 1423) to provide for bringing suits in the courts of the United States against railroad corporations where a portion of the line is in several States; which was ordered to be printed and recommitted.

Mr. RANDALL moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was recommitted; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the table.

The latter motion was agreed to.

PUBLIC DEBT.

Mr. LOGAN. I ask unanimous consent to report back from the Committee of Ways and Means, for consideration at the present time, the bill (H. R. No. 1416) making certain reg. ulations as to the public debt.

The SPEAKER. The bill will be read for information, after which there will be an opportunity for objection.

The bill, which was read, provides in the first section that no percentage, deduction, commission, or compensation of any amount or kind, shall be allowed to any person for the sale or negotiation of any bonds or securities of the United States disposed of at the Treasury Department or elsewhere on account of the United States; and all acts and parts of acts authorizing or permitting, by construction or otherwise, the Secretary of the Treasury to appoint any agent, other than some proper officer of his Department, to make such sale or negotiation of bonds and securities, are to be repealed.

The second section provides that all authority under any existing law to issue bonds, Treasury notes, or other interest-bearing obligations of the United States shall cease and determine. But nothing herein is to prevent the conversion of Treasury notes known as seven-thirties into the five-twenty bonds, nor the conversion of compound interest notes into the three per cent. certificates of temporary loan, nor the issue of bonds as subsidy to rai road companies, as provided by law.

The third section provides that the Secretary of the Treasury shall publish monthly a detailed statement of the public debt at the close of each month, in which statement all bonds and other obligations of the United States issued from the Treasury Department, payable after the year in which such statement is made, including the amount of seven-thirty Treasury notes convertible into five-twenty bouds, but not including the amount of subsidy bonds issued to railroad companies, are to be classed as the "funded debt;" the United States notes and the fractional notes issued for circulation as money, are to be classed as the "currency debt; the three per cent. certificates of temporary loans are to be classed as the "temporary-loan debt;" and all debt that is past due, or that will be payable within the year, stating the same in detail, are to be classed as the "matured debt," and the interest is to cease on such matured debt when it becomes due, and the same is to be paid on presentation at the Treasury. Such statement is also to contain the amount outstanding of subsidy bonds issued to railroad companies; and the amount of coin, the amount outstanding of gold certificates, and the amount of currency in the Treasury of the United States.

Mr. ELDRIDGE. I cannot understand that; it is too long, and I object.

Mr. LAFLIN. I wish to state that my colleagues, Mr. VAN WYCK and Mr. VAN AERNAM have been detained from the House to-day by illness.

HOMESTEADS TO ACTUAL SETTLERS.

Mr. WASHBURN, of Indiana, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported a bill (H. R. No. 1433) to amend an act entitled "An act to secure homesteads to actual settlers on the public domain," approved May 20, 1802; which was read a first and second time, ordered to be printed, and recommitted. Mr. WASHBURN, of Indiana, moved to

reconsider the vote by which the bill was recommitted.

The SPEAKER. The motion will be entered on the Journal, and will be passed over for the present.

ADVERSE REPORTS.

Mr. BOYER, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported back the following cases adversely; and the same were laid on the table:

Resolution relative to the officers of the fiftieth regiment of Wisconsin volunteers; Petition of Colonel Jacob M. Davis and forty other officers of Pennsylvania regiments, for the passage of a supplementary act extending the three months' extra pay to all officers mustered into the United States service before April 26, 1865, and honorably mustered out thereafter;

Claim of Selden P. Clark, for pay and allowances of captain of infantry from October 31 to December 20, 1861;

Petition of James W. Strode, first lieutenant company K, fifth Kentucky cavalry;

Petition of D. S. Curtis, for an amendment of the act granting three months' pay;

A bill (H. R. No. 625) for the relief of David L. Wright, late captain company E, fifty-first regiment Indiana volunteers;

Petition of Samuel Wills, of Illinois, for relief;

Petition of William W. Wilcox, praying compensation for services as second lieutenant seventy-seventh Illinois volunteers;

A bill (H. R. No. 17) for the relief of Major James B. Thompson, of Perrysville, Juniata county, Pennsylvania, who was first lieutenant and subsequently captain of company F, one hundred and ninetieth regiment Pennsylvania volunteers, having been commissioned during his confinement in rebel prisons; and Petition of William Bass.

DEFICIENCY IN APPROPRIATIONS FOR INDIANS.

The SPEAKER, by unanimous consent, laid before the House a communication from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting a communication from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, reporting a deficiency in the appropriation made for the subsistence of friendly Indians, amounting to $172,827; which was referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed.

Mr. WASHBURNE, of Illinois, moved to reconsider all the votes recently taken; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the table.

The latter motion was agreed to.

Mr. WASHBURNE, of Illinois, moved that the House take a recess.

The SPEAKER stated that there would be evening sessions for debate only one or two evenings more, as the evening sessions would be required for public business.

The motion was agreed to; and thereupon (at four o'clock and forty-five minutes p. m.) the House took a recess till half past seven o'clock p. m.

EVENING SESSION.

The House reassembled at half past seven o'clock p. m., and, agreeably to order, resolved itself into the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union (Mr. BECK temporarily in the chair) for general debate.

INTERNAL REVENUE SYSTEM.

Mr. CULLOM. Mr. Chairman, when the tax bill was before the committee for examination and discussion some time ago I desired to give my views in relation to it, but there seemed to be such uncertainty about the pas sage of any bill unless the House acted promptly that I determined to content myself with my votes upon the various amendments as presented. The bill passed the House, however, has been to the Senate, and passed with amendments, and there is now no reasonable doubt but that it will become a law, and I feel justified in taking a few minutes time in

saying what I think in relation to the general
subject of taxation, and especially the tax on
spirits.

and since that time we have paid $300,000,000 of the public debt; in which time also an army of nearly a million of men had to be mustered out and paid off, and all the other varied and extraordinary expenses incident to the closing up the war had to be met.

A hundred millions a year since the close of the war has been taken from the people by duties and internal taxes in addition to the extraordinary expenses, as I have said, and in addition to the interest, and paid toward liquidating the principal of the debt of the country. Sir, it is proof sublime of the capacity and latent power of this great and free people, and an example worthy to be heralded to all the nations of the earth; but, sir, I think it, to say the least, is unwise for us in the future to continue to tax and strain the energies of the people for the purpose of producing such results; and I am, therefore, for the present in favor of giving the people as little to do in the payment of taxes as possible, consistent with honor and a healthy condition of the country, until they get upon their feet again and get to business. Then, Mr. Chairman, when we have determined to raise no more money than we actually need, and have determined to raise what we do need by the enactment and enforcement of laws just and equitable, then the next great business for us is to see that the taxes provided by law to be paid by the people shall be honestly collected, and honestly paid into the Treasury by the officers and agents appointed for that purpose.

The burdens of taxation now resting upon the people are so heavy that they are calling upon us for relief. Our duty is to give it if in our power to do so consistent with public safety, public credit, and national honor. There has seldom been a time when business has been so depressed. Thousands of the best and most enterprising men of the land are struggling against the waves of misfortune, and depths of financial ruin. They are looking are in danger of being swallowed up in the toward Congress and expecting help. Can we give it? If we can, shall we give it? If we can, and fail, we shall fail to perform a duty for which we should be held accountable to our people. One of the means of relief is the passage of the tax bill. I was in favor of revising the whole revenue law, and was therefore against laying aside the original bill reported to the House by the committee, for the reason that in my judgment it is unwise for the Government at present to require the collection of any more revenue than is necessary to meet the current expenses of the Government going over the whole system we could have and pay the interest on the public debt. By lightened the tax in many particulars, and to that extent relieved the people of burdens. I was for going on with that bill for this reason. I was for going on with it for another reason. Men are not specially fond of paying taxes at any time. The people are disposed to put off that duty about as long as the law will all the people would cheerfully acquiesce if It may be easy to pass just laws in which permit when taxes are light and the burdens properly enforced, but when they are not propeasy. And they are sure to object and pro-erly enforced or if enforced so far as to collect crastinate when the burdens to be borne are not equitably distributed among all the people. When one man is called upon to pay and his neighbor is excused because his property may be in a different shape, (the one and the other equally able,) the man who is able to pay may well be pardoned if he complains that he is not treated fairly, and he enters his protest.

Justice is an indispensable element in the tax laws as well as every other, if you will have them enforced and receive a cheerful response from the people. The American people are ready to answer to the calls of the Government whenever made upon a fair showing of necessity, and when made to all upon the solid basis of justice. The revenue law, in my judgment, might be greatly improved and made much more equitable in its operation and bearing upon the various classes of industry in the country. For these two reasons I regret that it was not the judgment of the House to go over the whole subject. While the burdens are piled up almost mountain high, and while trade and commerce and all the varied employments of the people are so depressed and are struggling to pass through the present crisis, which amounts almost to a panic, I am unwilling to pile them up higher for the sake of having it to say that this nation, just out of a great war, is rapidly paying off the public debt.

Mr. Chairman, I wish the debt were paid.
I wish that it had been so ordered that we had
never been called upon to incur it; but, sir, it
is upon us; it was incurred in a war for na-
tional existence, and we must deal with the

subject as we find it. Our public debt amounts
to about twenty-seven hundred million dollars.
The annual interest upon the public debt
amounts or is estimated for the year ending
June 30, 1869, to be $129,678,078 50. I am
unwilling to do very much more at present than
raise sufficient money to pay the interest as we
agree and to meet the current expenses of the
Government honestly and economically ad-
ministered. Let the people recover from the
shock of battle; let prosperity again prevail ;
let commerce regain its wonted energy and
life; let the people have time, and with it will
come an ability to pay that which to-day would
paralyze and prostrate the people. The Gov-
ernment has been in too great haste to pay off
its debt. The war closed in the spring of 1865,

the tax from the people, and then violated by a failure to pay over to the Government, it is not surprising that the people complain and

murmur.

But, sir, when it comes to the question of enforcing or executing the laws Congress is powerless. It is our duty to enact, it is the duty of the Executive to execute. With this plain duty before each of the two branches of the Government what are the facts? At the outset good officers of the Government are removed on account of political opinions, and men put in their places because they profess to agree with the Executive.

Then after various demonstrations in various ways calculated to demoralize the public service we have the sad spectacle in this land, the great glory of which is that it is a land governed by the people's laws, of the chief Executive, the highest officer of the nation, the man whose special duty under the Constitution is to see that the laws be faithfully executed, violating the law, and yet protected in his action by the high tribunal which alone can remove him from office.

Who can expect that his appointees, with commissions signed by him, with his example before them as a guarantee of protection, will discharge their duties with fidelity to the interests of the people and in accordance with the law which alone should be their guide?

I do not charge that the persons holding position under the President are all dishonest. Some of them I know are faithful to their duty; but, sir, in view of the example set by the President it would not be strange if many of his subordinates should follow his example and set the law at defiance when for corrupt or other motives it seemed desirable to do so. And, sir, I assert that the corruption that seems to prevail among the revenue officers and custom officers of the country, and which has well nigh depleted the Treasury within the last two years, is mainly chargeable to the course pursued by the President of the United States.

But, Mr. Chairman, I desire to say a word in relation to the tax on spirits. When I came here at the first session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress the tax on whisky had been raised to two dollars per gallon. It had come up by a series of steps from twenty cents, I believe, until it got to two dollars.

The reports of the Commissioner then showed

that instead of the revenue from that source increasing as the tax was increased the amount was materially diminished. My judgment then was that the tax was too high. It was too high to insure large revenue, and too high, having in view the interests of western people, where the larger part of the grain out of which spirits is or should be manufactured. I thought then that it should be reduced to one dollar per gallon. It was urged, however, by those having the subject specially in charge, that the two-dollar tax had not had a fair test, and the Government would be able to do better after the supply on hand when the tax was raised was used up, and by a heavy tax on spirits and tobacco other interests could be relieved. With these statements, and others of a similar character, those in favor of a high tax were able to keep it at two dollars. So we have gone on from year to year until the amount of revenue from spirits has run down from about thirty millions a year to $13,000,000; and there seems at last to be a conviction here, and everywhere else, that the tax will have to be reduced soon or we shall get no revenue at all from that source.

It is humiliating, sir, to be compelled to admit that we are driven to this point by the rascals in the country. And I very much fear, sir, that its reduction will not insure the honest collection of the tax that we shall agree upon, however stringent we make the law in providing for its collection.

The judgment of Congress now is to place the tax at fifty cents per gallon and require its collection at the still or distillery warehouse. We can do no less than try this plan and hope for good results. Fraud in connection with this interest must be stopped some how. Unless it is we had better repeal the law entirely and get back to the days of free whisky, and let the distilleries run.

But, sir, I desire to offer some suggestions touching this subject, showing the effect of high taxation of spirits upon the general economy and welfare of the country.

And, sir, I am glad to state that a gentleman of my own district, a man of wealth and business, and high character, and who has not been engaged in the business of manufacturing or dealing in spirits, has furnished me the facts and figures which I shall use in this portion of my argument. The greater portion of the distilled spirits which pays no tax is made in an illicit manner and with imperfect machinery. It is a well known fact that such a still, run in the dark and secret, cannot produce as great a quantity of spirits from a given quantity of grain as will the large establishment with perfect machinery worked in an open and scientific manner. The object of the dishonest man, secretly engaged in defrauding the Government, is to escape detection and get as much money in his pocket as he can quickly as possible. In his haste and fear he fails to get as much spirits from a bushel of grain as the large distiller can make; besides, the slops with which to fatten beef and pork running from the illicit still are an entire and absolute waste.

There is supposed to be made about seventyfive million gallons of spirits each year. It is estimated, I believe, that distilleries properly run can make about three and a half gallons of spirits from a bushel of grain. If this is so, in the manufacture of seventy-five million gallons of spirits about twenty-one and a half million bushels of grain would be consumed. It is not supposed that an illicit distiller could produce more than two and a half gallons from a bushel of grain. If so, in the illicit distillation of seventy-five million gallons of spirits thirty million bushels of grain would be consumed-making a difference of about nine millions in the amount of grain consumed; the difference being an entire loss to the wealth of the country. To this loss must be added the amount of slops thrown away. It is said the slops will make half as much beef and pork as the corn itself if fed to the animals, but if it will make one third as much then it is equal to a loss of over seven million bushels

of grain, making a total loss to the country equal to about fifteen and a half million bushels of grain, which, at the lowest calculation, would be worth, according to the ruling prices in the country, about twelve million dollars.

These figures are made upon the assumption that the spirits are all made in an illicit manner; the evidence is that the greater portion is so made. The exports of grain from this country during the year 1867 did not amount to more than ten million bushels. Thus it will be seen that the waste from illicit and fraudulent distillation of spirits amounts to more than all our exports of grain, and of course is felt by all who consume a bushel of grain or a pound of meat, and by all those who contribute in taxes to the support of the country.

Every honest business in the land demands that the distillation of spirits should be conducted openly and honestly, like other business conducted by honest men; that the taxes legally imposed upon such products should be paid, and that when paid it should find its way into the Treasury of the United States.

Mr. Chairman, I will not take up the time of the House longer. I trust this bill will become a law very soon, and that when it does we may hear of better results in the collection of the revenue from spirits and tobacco, and that we may soon be able to relieve entirely all the other branches of industry from taxation, and rely upon custom duties and tax on spirits and tobacco to pay the interest on the public debt and meet the current expenses of the Government.

PETITIONS, ETC.

The following petitions, &c., were presented under the rule, and referred to the appropriate committees:

By Mr. BLAIR: The petition of several officers of the regular Army, for continuance of increased pay upon the passage of Mr. SCHENCK's bill to fix and equalize the pay of officers, &c.

By Mr. FERRISS: The petition of certain officers of the Army, for the continuance of increased pay.

By Mr. GARFIELD: The petition of officers of the Army, for the passage of the bill known as General SCHENCK'S pay bill.

Also, the memorial of Joseph W. Burke, protesting against the admission of John B. Callis as a Representative in Congress from the fifth district of Alabama.

By Mr. HUBBARD, of West Virginia: The petition of William M. Simpson, of Wood county, West Virginia, asking that his name may be placed on the pension-roll.

By Mr. POLAND: The petition of Foster & Tower, praying relief on account of error in contract for furnishing crucibles to Navy Department.

IN SENATE.
THURSDAY, July 16, 1868.

Prayer by Rev. E. H. GRAY, D. D.

On motion of Mr. WILSON, and by unanimous consent, the reading of the Journal of yesterday was dispensed with.

HOUSE BILLS REFERRED.

The following bills and joint resolutions from the House of Representatives were severally read twice by their titles and referred as indicated below:

A bill (H. R. No. 1420) directing the Commissioner of Pensions to proceed to hear evidence and determine the right of W. H. Cox,

Since the close of the war, notwithstanding the enormous expenditures incurred in paying off and reducing the Army, notwithstanding the fact that we have reduced the public debt $100,000,000 a year, and have paid in bounty to the soldiers millions of dollars annually, and to the pensioners millions more, and have paid the interest on the public debt, and raised money necessary to support the Government, yet we have every year light-deceased, late a sergeant in company F, secened the burdens upon the people by the modification of the tax laws. The first year after the war closed we repealed taxes which had amounted to $60,000,000; the next year $40,000,000, and this year we have already relieved the people by the repeal of taxes which last year amounted to $90,000,000. We might still go further, and still have a surplus, after meeting all just demands due, to be applied in discharge of the principal of the debt.

Mr. Chairman, with all the burdens for the last few years resting upon the people they have gone forward enjoying a reasonable degree of prosperity. With a little encouragement, by wise and prudent legislation a degree of prosperity will soon prevail all over the land, which will double the aggregate wealth of the nation and enable us to provide for the payment of the debt without oppressing the business of the people. Then let us adopt such a policy as will produce such results.

Mr. BROOMALL addressed the committee on general political topics. [His remarks will be published in the Appendix.]

Mr. PAINE spoke on the New York Democratic convention, its candidates and platform. [His remarks will be published in the Appendix.]

Mr. GARFIELD, Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts, Mr. PIKE, and Mr. STONE addressed the committee on the taxation of the United States bonds. [Their speeches will be published in the Appendix.] Mr. STONE, before concluding, yielded to

Mr. VAN HÖRN, of New York, who moved that the committee rise.

The motion was agreed to.

The committee accordingly rose; and Mr. VAN HORN, of New York, having taken the chair as Speaker pro tempore, Mr. CULLOM reported that the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union, having had under consideration the Union generally, had come to no resolution thereon.

And then, on motion of Mr. CULLOM, (at ten o'clock, p. m.,) the House adjourned.

ond regiment Pennsylvania artillery, to a pension in the same manner as if he was still living, he having died of a disease contracted while a prisoner of war at Andersonville, Georgia, and if found to be entitled to a pension, then the same from the time of his discharge till death, to be paid over to his father, Charles D. Coxto the Committee on Pensions.

A bill (H. R. No. 541) making appropriations for the service of the Columbia Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb, and establishing additional regulations for the gov ernment of the institution-to the Committee on Appropriations.

A joint resolution (H. R. No. 296) giving the assent of the United States to the construction of certain wharves in the harbor of Oswego, New York-to the Committee on Commerce. A joint resolution (H. R. No. 342) for the restoration of Commander Greenleaf Cilley, and Commander Aaron K. Hughes, United States Navy, to the active list from the retired list-to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

A joint resolution (H. R. No. 343) to admit free of duty certain statuary-to the Committee on Finance.

A joint resolution (H. R. No. 341) for the relief of Z. M. Hall-to the Committee on Commerce.

EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATION.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a report of the Secretary of War, communicating, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate of the 3d instant, information in relation to the condition of the appropriation for the publication of the medical and surgical history of the war; which was referred to the Committee on Printing.

PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS.

Mr. SUMNER presented a petition of officers of the United States Army, praying an increase of compensation; which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs and the Militia. Mr. WILSON presented two petitions of officers of the United States Army, praying an

increase of compensation; which were referred to the Committee on Military Affairs and the Militia.

Mr. NYE presented a petition of Robert B. Riell, captain United States Navy, praying to be allowed the retired pay of his present grade; which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

REPORTS OF COMMITTEES.

Mr. RAMSEY, from the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads, to whom the subject was referred, submitted a report, accompanied by a bill (S. No. 622) to authorize the construction of bridges across the Ohio river. The bill was read the first time and passed to a second reading, and the report was ordered to be printed.

Mr. RAMSEY. I ought to state that there are certain blanks in that bill; but the committee instructed me to report it at this time in order to have the report and bill printed, with a view subsequently to the recommitment of the bill to fill those blanks.

Mr. DAVIS, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was referred the petition of John A. Wilcox and the memorial of Asa Price, asked to be discharged from their further consideration; which was agreed to.

Mr. CATTELL, from the Committee on Finance, to whom was referred the bill (S. No. 621) authorizing the Manufacturers' National Bank of New York to change its location, reported it without amendment.

Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 834) for the relief of Hon. George W. Bridges, a member of the Thirty-Seventh Congress, reported it without amendment.

Mr. HOWE, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 1322) for the relief of Major F. F. Stevens, assistant paymaster United States Army, reported it without amendment.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 1365) for the relief of Captain Thomas W. Miller, reported it without amendment.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 1366) for the relief of Captain A. G. Olivar, reported it without amendment.

Mr. VAN WINKLE, from the Committee on Finance, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 39) authorizing the Commissioner of Internal Revenue to adjust the accounts of Mark Howard, reported it without amendment.

Mr. MORRILL, of Maine, from the Committee on Commerce, reported a bill (S. No. 623) for the registration or enrollment of certain foreign-built vessels; which was read and passed to a second reading.

He also, from the Committee on Appropriations, to whom was referred the joint resolu. tion (H. R. No. 325) relative to the pay of the chief clerk in the office of the Sergeant-at Arms of the House, reported it without amendment.

Mr. MORGAN, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was referred a resolution of a meeting of citizens of Cincinnati, in relation to the carriage of passengers in steamships and other vessels, submitted a report, accompanied by a joint resolution (S. R. No. 162) to regulate the carriage of passengers in steamships and other vessels. The joint resolution was read and passed to a second reading, and the report was ordered to be printed.

Mr. COLE, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was referred the petition of Caleb Lyon, praying to be relieved from liability for the loss of certain money stolen from him on the night of December 13, 1866, while on his way to Washington city to settle his accounts as Governor of the Territory of Idaho, asked to be discharged from its further consideration; which was agreed to.

Mr. WILLEY, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 1820) for the relief of L. Merchant & Co., and Peter Rosecrantz, reported it without amendment.

Mr. ANTHONY, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was referred the joint resolution (H. R. No. 332) authorizing the appointment of examiners to examine and report upon the expediency of discontinuing the navy-yard at Charlestown, Massachusetts, and uniting the same with the yard at Kittery, Maine, reported it with an amendment.

Mr. RAMSEY, from the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads, to whom was referred the joint resolution (S. R. No. 104) relating to the ocean mail steamship service between the United States and China, authorized by act of Congress, approved February 17, 1865, reported it with amendments.

Mr. TRUMBULL, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom were referred the following message, resolutions, memorials, and petitions, asked to be discharged from their further consideration; which was agreed to:

A message of the President of the United States, communicating, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate, information in relation to instructions issued to General Pope and General Meade on their being assigned to the command of the third military district;

Resolutions of the Legislature of Kansas in favor of a change of the jurisdiction of the United States courts pertaining to the Indian country south of Kansas, from the State of Arkansas to the State of Kansas;

Resolutions of the constitutional convention of Texas, in favor of the transfer from the military commander of fifth military district to that convention of the power and authority to appoint and remove registrars for ascertaining and recording the qualified voters of that State; and

A petition of citizens of Alexandria, praying the passage of the bill to repeal an act entitled "An act to retrocede the county of Alexandria, in the District of Columbia, to the State of Virginia," and for other purposes.

He also, from the same committee to whom was referred the resolution (S. R. No. 10) proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, reported it without amend

ment.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (S. No. 37) attaching the Indian territory to the State of Kansas for judicial purposes, reported adversely thereon, and moved its indefinite postponement; which was agreed to.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 2) to repeal an act entitled "An act to retrocede the county of Alexandria, in the District of Columbia, to the State of Virginia," and for other purposes, asked to be discharged from its further consideration, and moved its indefinite postponement; which was agreed to.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 480) in relation to the pay of grand and petit jurors in the District of Columbia, reported adversely thereon, and moved its indefinite postponement; which was agreed to.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 145) in relation to the district court of the United States for the northern district of Ohio, reported adversely thereon, and moved its indefinite postponement; which was agreed to.

Mr. SHERMAN, from the Committee on Finance, to whom were referred the following resolutions, memorials, and petitions, asked to be discharged from their further considera tion; which was agreed to:

A memorial of the Chamber of Commerce of Charleston, praying that the building known as the post office may be rented to them for the purpose of establishing a public exchange and reading room;

A memorial of J. Sumner Powell, praying a loan of $2,000 to be secured by a lien on a farm;

A petition of Samuel Bullock, of Georgia, praying that he may be allowed to distill spirits for medical purposes;

A petition of Little & Dana, woolen man

ufacturers, praying to be relieved from internal revenue taxes now charged against them and remaining due and unpaid;

A resolution instructing the committee to inquire into the expediency of reporting a bill to provide new bonds to take the place of the five-twenties as they mature;

Resolutions of the constitutional convention of Georgia in favor of a loan of $100,000 by the Government to the South Georgia and Florida railroad; and

A resolution of the Senate directing the committee to inquire into the expediency of repealing all laws imposing taxes on income and manufactures.

He also, from the same committee, to whom were referred a bill (S. No. 480) to provide for the change of name or location of national banking associations, asked to be discharged from its further consideration; and a bill (S. No. 154) to provide for the issue of gold in place of legal-tender notes, and to facilitate resumption of specie payment, moved their indefinite postponement; which was agreed to.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the joint resolution (H. R. No. 225) respecting national banks in liquidation, asked to be discharged from its further consideration; which was agreed to.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the joint resolution (S. R. No. 141) requiring the Special Commissioner of the Revenue to act as Superintendent of the Bureau of Statistics in the office of the Secretary of the Treasury, asked to be discharged from its further consideration, and moved its indefinite postponement; which was agreed to.

He also, from the same coinmittee, to whom was referred the bill (S. No. 493) providing for a reduction of the rate of interest on the public debt, asked to be discharged from its further consideration, and that it be indefinitely postponed; which was agreed to.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 387) to fix the compensation of the United States depositary at Chicago, asked to be discharged from its further consideration, and moved its indefinite postponement; which was agreed to.

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the petition of James F. Joy, praying such action as will give him the possession of the marine hospital and grounds at Chicago, Illinois, purchased by him under act of Congress, asked to be discharged from its further consideration, and that it be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary; which was agreed to.

Mr. SHERMAN, I am also directed by the same committee to report back the joint resolution (H. R. No. 337) continuing the refining of bullion in the Mint of the United States and branches. This is already disposed of by an amendment in one of the appropriation bills. I move its indefinite postpone

ment.

The motion was agreed to.

Mr. SHERMAN. I am also instructed to report back a bill (H. R. No. 788) to regulate the appraisement and inspection of imports in certain cases, and for other purposes, with an amendment.

Mr. MORRILL, of Vermont. I desire to say in behalf of the minority of the Committee on Finance that when the bill comes up they will ask leave to make a minority report.

Mr. MORGAN. I would like the chairman to state that the committee are divided.

Mr. SHERMAN. The amendment reported is by a majority of the Committee on Finance.

COMMERCIAL LAWS EXTENDED TO ALASKA. Mr. CHANDLER. The Committee on Commerce, to whom was referred the bill (S. No. 619) to extend the laws relating to customs, commerce, and navigation over the territory ceded to the United States by Russia, to establish a collection district therein, and for other purposes, have had the same under consideration, and directed me to report it back with amendments, and recommend its passage. I

ask the unanimous consent of the Senate to
allow it to be put on its passage now.
It is a
bill extending the revenue laws over Alaska,
and it is a matter of necessity, and must go to
the House. Therefore I ask the unanimous
consent of the Senate to put it on its passage

at once.

any place in the territory, or, if not so des-
tined, when there shall be reasonable ground
of suspicion that such articles are intended to
be landed therein in violation of law; and
similar bonds may also be required on the
landing of any such articles in the territory
from the person to whom the same may be
consigned.

The sixth section provides that the coast-
ing trade between the territory and any other
portion of the United States is to be regulated
in accordance with the provisions of law ap-
plicable to such trade between any two great
districts.

There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. It provides that the laws of the United States relating to customs, commerce, and navigation, shall be extended to and over all the mainland, islands, and waters of the territory ceded to the United States by the emperor of Russia by treaty concluded at By the seventh section it is to be unlawful Washington on the 30th day of March, 1867, for any person to kill any otter, mink, marten, so far as the same may be applicable thereto. sable, fur-seal, or other fur-bearing animal By the second section all of the said territory, within the limits of the territory, or in the with its ports, harbors, bays, rivers, and waters, waters thereof; and any person guilty thereof will constitute a customs collection district, to will, on conviction, be fined in any sum not be called the district of Alaska, for which dis- exceeding $100 for each offense, one half of trict a port of entry is to be established at some which will be for the use of the informers. convenient point to be designated by the Presi- The President is to have power to issue to dent, at or near the town of Sitka or New Archindividuals or incorporated companies annual angel, and a collector of customs be appointed licenses, by virtue of which such individuals by the President, by and with the advice and or corporations may lawfully kill or cause to consent of the Senate, who shall reside at the be killed, under such restrictions and regulaport of entry and receive an annual salary of tions as the President may prescribe, such $2,500 in addition to the usual legal fees and number of otters, minks, martens, sables, furemoluments of the office. But his entire com- seals, or other fur-bearing animals as shall be pensation is not to exceed $4,000 per annum, by such license specially authorized, and no or a proportionate sum for a less period of more. And the President is empowered to time. The third section provides that ports of prescribe all necessary regulations, and to redelivery not exceeding six in number may be quire from persons and corporations licensed, established by the Secretary of the Treasury at or to be licensed, bonds with sufficient secursuch other points in the district as, in his opin-ity, conditioned upon a faithful observance of ion, the interests of the revenue may demand, for each of which a surveyor shall be appointed by the Secretary, who may, at his discretion, be by him clothed with any part or all of the official powers of a collector, and required to give bond to the United States for the faithful discharge of his official duties in such amount as the Secretary shall direct; and who shall receive a salary of $2,000, and in addition, when clothed with the powers and responsibilities of a collector, the fees and emoluments of a collector accruing at the port where each surveyor is stationed. And in that case the collector of the district is not to be entitled to the same; but the entire compensation of any such surveyor is not to exceed $3,000 per annum, or a proportionate sum for a less period. The Secretary of the Treasury is by the fourth section authorized to make and prescribe such regulations as he may deem expedient for the nationalization of all vessels owned by actual residents of the ceded territory on and since the 20th day of June, 1867, and which shall continue to have been so owned up to the date of such nationalization.

The President is to have power, by the fifth section, to restrict and regulate or to prohibit the importation and use of fire-arms, ammunition, and distilled spirits into the territory; and the exportation of the same from any other port or place in the United States when destined to any port or place in that territory; and all such arms, ammunition, and distilled spirits, exported or attempted to be exported from any port or place in the United States and destined for such territory, in violation of any regulations that may be thus prescribed; and all such arms, ammunition, and distilled spirits, landed or attempted to be landed or used at any port or place in that territory, in violation of those regulations, are to be forfeited; and if the value of the same shall exceed $400, the vessel upon which the same shall be found, or from which they shall have been landed, together with her tack le, apparel and furniture, and cargo, are to be forfeited; and any person willfully violating such regulations is, on conviction, to be fined in any sum not exceeding $500, or imprisoned not more than six months. And bonds may be required for a faithful observance of such regulations from the master or owners of any vessel departing from any port in the United States having on board fire-arms, ammunition, or distilled spirits, when such vessel is destined to

all general or special regulations prescribed;
and any license so granted is not to be assign-
able, but shall be effectual only for the person
or corporation to which it shall have been
issued, or an agent of the same duly author-
ized in writing, and shall be and become for-
feited and void upon any violation of the regu-
lations.

By the eighth section, until otherwise pro-
vided by law, all violations of this act, and of
the several laws by it extended to the territory
and the waters thereof, committed within the
limits of the same, are to be prosecuted in any
district court of the United States in Califor
nia or Oregon, or in the district courts of
Washington, and the collector and deputy col-
lectors appointed by virtue of this act, and any
person authorized in writing by either of them,
or by the Secretary of the Treasury, is to have
power to arrest persons and seize vessels and
merchandise liable to fines, penalties, or for-
feitures under this and the other laws, and to
keep and deliver over the same to the marshal
of some one of those courts, which are to have
original jurisdiction and may take cognizance
of all cases arising under this act and the sev-
eral laws by it extended over the territory so
ceded to the United States by the emperor of
Russia, and shall proceed therein in the same
mauner and with the like effect as if such cases
had arisen within the district or territory where
the proceedings shall be brought. According
to the ninth section, in all cases of fine, penalty,
or forfeiture, mentioned and embraced in the
act entitled an act to provide for mitigating or
remitting the forfeitures, penalties, and dis-
abilities accruing in certain cases therein men-
tioned, or mentioned in any act in addition or
amendatory of that act, that have occurred or
may occur in that collection district of Alaska,
the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized it,
in his opinion, the fine, penalty, or forfeiture
was incurred without willful negligence or inten-
tion of fraud, to ascertain the facts in such
manner and under such regulations as he may
deem proper without regard to the provisions
of the act referred to, and upon the facts so to
be ascertained he may exercise all the power
of remission conferred upon him by that act
as fully as he might have done had the facts
been ascertained under and according to the
provisions of the act.

The tenth section provides that bonded warehouses may be established under the provisions of the warehousing laws, if authorized

by the Secretary of the Treasury, under such
regulations, general or special, as the Secre-
tary shall prescribe, at any port of entry or
delivery thus established.
But all expenses
incurred by the United States in connection
with private bonded warehouses of any class
established under the custom laws at any port
in the United States, and for the reception,
delivery, custody, and safe-keeping of the
merchandise stored therein, are to be reim-
bursed by the proprietors or occupants of such
warehouses respectively, and moneys received
by collectors on account of such reimburse-
ment are to be duly accounted for as moneys
received from that specific source, and not be
considered as storage for any purpose whatso-

ever.

The Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe all needful rules and regulations to carry into effect all parts of this act, except those specially intrusted to the President alone; and the sum of $100,000 is appropriated to carry this act into effeet and meet the expenses of collecting the revenue from customs within the limits of the territory. And the ports of delivery established under this act by the Secretary of the Treasury may be, at his discretion, by him discontinued or changed to different localities.

The Committee on Commerce reported amendments to the bill, the first of which was to strike out the third section.

The amendment was agreed to.

The next amendment of the Committee on Commerce was to strike out the seventh section of the bill, and in lieu thereof to insert the following:

And be it further enacted, That until Congress shall otherwise provide by law the Secretary of the Treasury, with the approval of the President, shall have power to prescribe such rules and regulations as he may think proper in relation to the killing and the preservation of fur-bearing animals from indiscriminate destruction.

Mr. STEWART. I should like to inquire of the Senator having charge of this bill whether this amendment strikes out the provision allowing the President to grant exclusive privileges?

Mr. CHANDLER. Yes, sir; the whole of that is stricken out, and this provision is put in about fur-bearing animals.

Mr. STEWART. May they not construe this provision as enabling them to give such privileges?

Mr. CHANDLER. This section provides that until Congress shall pass a law regulating the matter, the Secretary of the Treasury, with the approval of the President, may make such regulations as may be deemed necessary.

Mr. STEWARŤ. Why not add “but shall grant no special privileges?"

Mr. CHANDLER. You may put that in if you please.

Mr. STEWART. I move to amend the amendment by adding:

Provided. That no special privileges shall begranted under this act.

Mr. POMEROY. I suppose the Secretary of the Treasury will have to give the privilege to somebody temporarily until Congress passes a law on the subject. If he gives the privilege to everybody it will be no privilege at all.

Mr. CHANDLER. Congress will by law regulate the matter at the next sesson.

Mr. STEWART. If the amendment be made he will not give a special privilege to anybody, but he may make regulations against killing that will leave it open. There is a company now organized at San Francisco who are the successors of the Russian company. They were very desirous of having special privileges. That company is a very worthy company, and would probably protect the animals as well as any other. I think, however, there ought to be a provision that no exclusive privilege shall be granted to anybody.

Mr. CHANDLER. I do not object. The whole measure is a temporary thing.

Mr. COLE. I realize the necessity, because it is very great, of affording some protection to these animals. The Russian Government,

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