MILAN.

Accounts are kept in lire, soldi, and denari correnti or impe

20. United States on Milan. Change 176 lire 10 soldi to U. S. money, the lira being valued at 20 cents. Ans. $35.30. 21. Milan on the United States. Reduce $35.30 to the currency of Milan. Ans. 176 lire 10 soldi.

22. United States on Naples. Change 769 ducati di regno 5 carlini to United States money, the value of the ducato being Ans. $615.60. 23. Naples on the United States. Reduce $615.60 to the currency of Naples. Ans. 769 ducati di regno 5 carlini.

80 cents.

SICILY.

Accounts are kept here in oncie, tari, and grani; and also in scudi, tari, and grani.

24. United States on Sicily. Change 876 oncie 3 scudi to U. S. money, the oncia being valued at $2.38,3.

Ans. $2090.36,7%.

25. Sicily on the United States. Change $2090.36,73 to the currency of Sicily.

Ans. 876 oncie 3 scudi.

RUSSIA.

Computations are made here in rubles and kopecks.

10 Kopecks 1 Grieve or Grievener.

10 Grieves

26. United States on Russia. What is the value of 7684 rubles 8 grieves in U. S. money, the value of the ruble in the United States being 75 cents? Ans. $5763.60. 27. Russia on the United States. What is the value of $5763.60 in Russian currency? Ans. 7684 rubles 8 grieves.

ROME.

Accounts are kept in scudi moneta and baiocchi; or in scudi di stampa soldi and denari d' oro; quattrini and mezzi quattrini are sometimes reckoned.

2 Mezzi Quattrini = 1 Quattrino.

5 Quattrini

10 Baiocchi

10 Paoli

=1 Scudo Moneta, or Roman Crown.

28. United States on Rome. Change 7689 scudi moneta to U. S. money, the value of the scudo being $ 1.00,067. Ans. $7694.15,18%. 29. Rome on the United States. Change $7694.15-16 to Roman currency. Ans. 7689 scudi moneta.

SPAIN.

The general mode of keeping accounts in Spain is in maravedis and reals.

Exchanges are generally computed in denominations of plate, which is always understood to be old plate, if new plate be not mentioned.

There are three principal denominations of these imaginary moneys in which exchanges are generally transacted; viz., dollars, doubloons, and ducats, and they are divided into reals and maravedis of plate, and sometimes converted into vellon and other denominations.

The dollar of exchange, also called peso or piastre de cambio, or de plata, is divided into 8 reals of 34 maravedis of plate each, and sometimes into 16 quartos.

The doubloon de plata, or pistole of exchange, is four times the dollar, and therefore contains 32 reals, or 1088 maravedis of plate.

The ducat of plate, also called ducado de cambio, contains 11 reals 1 maravedi, or 375 maravedis of plate.

At Alicant, Valencia, and Barcelona, exchanges are transacted in libras of 20 sueldos, or 240 dineros.

The libra of Alicant and Valencia is the dollar of plate. This is sometimes divided into 10 reals of new plate, which are, of course, equal to 8 reals of old plate.

The libra of Barcelona, commonly called libra Catalan, is worth 55 reals of plate; hence 7 of those libras equal 5 dollars of plate, and therefore 28 sueldos Catalan equal 1 dollar.

The hard dollar of 20 reals vellon is occasionally used in exchanges, and is also divided into 12 reals, each of 16 quartos. The current dollar, which is an imaginary money, valued at two thirds of the hard dollar, is divided into 8 reals, and the real into 16 quartos. The two latter are the principal moneys of exchange used at Gibraltar.

30. United States on Spain. What is the value in United States money of 7600 dollars of plate, exchange at 75 cents for a plate dollar? Ans. $5700. 31. Spain on the United States. What is the value of $ 5700 in Spanish money, exchange at 75 cents per dollar of plate? Ans. 7600 dollars of plate.

SWEDEN.

Accounts are kept in rix dollars, skillings, and pfennings.

cents.

32. United States on Sweden. Reduce 476 rix dollars 24 skillings to U. S. money, the rix dollar being valued at 107 Ans. $509.85,5. 33. Sweden on the United States. Change $509.85,5 to the currency of Sweden. Ans. 476 rix dollars 24 skillings.

TURIN.

Accounts are kept in lire, soldi, and denari.

12 Denari = 1 Soldo.

20 Soldi =1 Lira.

34. United States on Turin. Change 462 lire 10 soldi to U. S. money, exchange at 20 cents per lira.

Ans. $92.50.

35. Turin on the United States. Change $92.50 to the currency of Turin, exchange at 20 cents per lira.

Ans. 462 lire 10 soldi.

VIENNA.

Computations are made in florins and creutzers, or in rix dollars and creutzers.

36. United States on Vienna. Reduce 876 rix dollars, specie, 1 florin to U. S. money, the specie rix dollar being equal to 97 cents. Ans. $850.20,5. 37. Vienna on the United States. Change $850.20,5 to the currency of Vienna. Ans. 876 rix dollars, specie, 1 florin.

EAST INDIES, BENGAL, CALCUTTA, &c.

= 1 Anna.
1 Rupee.

1 Sicca Rupee=2s. 6d. sterling.

38. United States on Calcutta. Reduce 432 rupees 12 annas to U. S. money, exchange at 50 cents per rupee.

Ans. $216.37.

39. Calcutta on the United States. Reduce $216.37 to the currency of Calcutta, exchange at 50 cents per rupee.

Ans. 432 rupees 12 annas.

ters to U. S. money, the rupee being 50 cents,

Ans. $339.25.

41. Bombay on the United States. Change $339.25 to Bombay money, reckoning the rupee at 50 cents.

Ans. 678 rupees 2 quarters.

MADRAS.

Accounts are kept here in pagodas, fanams, and cash.

42. United States on Madras. Change 375 star pagodas to

U. S. money, the star pagoda being

43. Madras on the United States.

rency of Madras.

valued at $ 1.773.

Ans. $666.66+. Reduce $896 to the curAns. 504 pagodas.

TRIESTE.

Accounts are here kept in pfennings, florins, and creutzers.

44. United States on Trieste. What is the value in U. S. money of 769 rix dollars 40 creutzers, the value of the rix dollar being 92 cents? Ans. $707.888.

45. Trieste on the United States. Reduce $707.888 to the currency of Trieste. Ans. 769 rix dollars 40 creutzers.

SECTION LXXIV.

VALUE OF GOLD COINS,

ACCORDING TO THE LAWS OF MAY AND JUNE, 184