Ex. 1. How many grains in 7lb. 11oz. 14dwt. 18gr.? OPERATION. Ex. 2. Reduce 4 5 9 5 4 gr. to pounds, ounces, etc. OPERATION. 7 lb. 11oz. 14dwt. 18gr. 24) 4 5 9 5 4 gr. NOTE 1. In reducing the pennyweights to grains in Ex. 1, we first multiply the 1914 by 4 and add the 18gr., giving 7674; then multiply the 1914 by the 2 tens, giving 3828 tens; and finally add the results, giving 45954gr., Ans. 3. Reduce 61b. 4oz. 15dwt. 23gr. to grains. 4. Reduce 181b. 11oz. 6dwt. 19gr. to grains. 5. Reduce 53649 gr. to pennyweights, ounces, etc. 6. Reduce 63594gr. to higher denominations. 8. How many spoons, each weighing 2oz. 3dwt. 18gr., can be made from 1lb. 1oz. 2dwt. 12gr. of silver? Ans. 6. 9. A jeweller made 6oz. 7dwt. 12gr. of gold into rings, which weighed 3dwt. 13gr. each; how many rings did he make? NOTE 2. In performing Exs. 8 and 9, and similar examples, both of the given quantities must first be reduced to the lowest denomination mentioned in either. APOTHECARIES' WEIGHT. 99. APOTHECARIES' WEIGHT is used in mixing or compounding medicines; but medicines are bought and sold by Avoirdupois Weight. SCALE. Descending, 12, 8, 3, 20; Ascending, 20, 3, 8, 12. NOTE. The pound, ounce, and grain, in Apothecaries' and Troy Weight are equal, but the ounce is differently subdivided. 1. Reduce 2b 33 53 19 18gr. to grains. 2. Reduce 13298gr. to scruples, drams, etc. 3. In 5lb. 6oz. 5dr. 2sc. 14gr. how many grains? 4. In 3 lb 5 3 33 24gr. how many grains? 5. In 25437gr. how many scruples, drams, etc.? 6. Reduce 3764gr. to higher denominations. 7. What quantity of medicine will an apothecary use in preparing 365 prescriptions of 12 grains`each? Ans. 9oz. 1dr. 99. For what is Apothecaries' Weight used? Repeat the table. Descending scale? Ascending? What denominations of Apothecaries' Weight are like those of Troy Weight? What of the ounce? AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT. 100. AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT is used in weighing the coarser articles of merchandise, such as hay, cotton, tea, sugar, copper, iron, etc. SCALE. Descending, 20, 4, 25, 16, 16; Ascending, 16, 16, 25, 4, 20. NOTE 1. It was the custom formerly to consider 28lb. a quarter, 112lb. a hundred weight, and 2240lb. a ton; but now the usual practice is in accordance with the table. These different tons are distinguished as the long or gross ton = 2240lb. and the short or net ton 2000lb. The gross ton is still used in the wholesale coal trade; also in estimating goods at the U. S. custom-houses, etc. NOTE 2. A pound in Avoirdupois Weight is equal to 7000 grains in Apothecaries, and Troy Weight. 100. For what is Avoirdupois Weight used? Table? Scale? How many pounds now make a ton? How many formerly? What are the different tons called? For what is the long ton now used? One pound Avoirdupois equals how many grains Troy ? NOTE 3. Instead of mentally adding the numbers of the lower denominations, as in preceding examples and as is done with the 6cwt. and 1qr. in Ex. 1, the pupil may, if he chooses, write the numbers under the partial products, and then add, as is done with the 231b. in this Example. 3. Reduce 5t. 7cwt. 3qr. 21lb. 15oz. 7dr. to drams. 4. Reduce 4t. 2qr. 15oz. to drams. 5. Reduce 147683dr. to higher denominations. 6. Reduce 1860861 dr. to ounces, pounds, quarters, etc. 7. If a cow eats 161b. of hay in 1 day, how many tons will she eat in 365 days? 8. In 7t. 16cwt. 3qr. 5lb. net weight, how many gross tons? 101. CLOTH MEASURE. CLOTH MEASURE is used in measuring cloths, ribbons, braids, etc. 101. Explain Ex. 1. Explain Ex. 2. 101. For what is Cloth Measure used? Table? Scale? SCALE. Descending, 4, 4, 21; Ascending, 2, 4, 4. 1. In 6yd. 2qr. 3na. how many nails? 5. Reduce 783 nails to quarters, etc. 6. 7. Reduce 549 nails to higher denominations. If 2yd. 1qr. of ribbon are used in trimming 1 bonnet, how many yards will be used in trimming 5 bonnets? 8. If 2yd. 1qr. 3na. of cloth are used in making 1 coat, how many yards will be used in making 16 coats? Ans. 19. 9. How many dresses can be made from 117yd. 2qr. of silk, if each dress requires 14yd. 2qr. 3na. Ans. 8. 10. What cost 18yd. 3qr. of velvet, at $2 per quarter? LONG MEASURE. 102. LONG MEASURE is used in measuring distances; as, for example, the length of a line, or the length, breadth, height, or depth of any object. 102 For what is Long Measure used? Table? Scale? |