testing of hydraulic motors, the determination of the power absorbed by different machines, and various tests of the value of lubricants.

EXCURSIONS.

Excursions are made each year to works such as the Railway Workshops at Eveleigh, Mort's Dock and Engineering Company, and to the various works in progress in connection with railways, docks, water supply, and sewerage.

63.-SURVEYING.

THE COURSE CONSISTS OF LECTURES AND FIELD DEMONSTRATIONS.

1. GENERAL.-Historical sketch, definition, aim, scope and general theory of survey. Geometrical analysis of its methods. Conditions of precision. General applications of mathematics to the problems of survey. Elementary applications of the theory of probability and theory of errors. Physical and economic limitations in surveying, considered as an art.

2. INSTRUMENTS. Instruments for lineal and angular measurement, for telemetry and photogrammetry: their structure, examination, adjustment and use. Theory of their inherent defects and of defective manipulation: the influence of these on the precision of survey. The elimination of systematic error.

3. FIELD OPERATIONS. General principles. Methods of lineal measurement. Plane table surveying and its problems. Traversing in horizontal and vertical planes. Aligning, setting out given angles and circular and other curves. The use of curves of adjustment in railway surveying. Levelling, contouring and grading. Systems of telemetry and their place in schemes of survey. Photogrammetry. The setting out of road and railways, and of areas; the measurement of earthworks, and of volumes generally. Retrace of survey and problems connected therewith. Cadastral survey. Methods by which surveys made for different purposes may be included as integral parts of a comprehensive scheme.

4. MARKING AND RECORD.-Methods of marking survey. Necessity for permanent marking in cadastral survey. The recording of survey operations generally. Systems of keeping field-records appropriate for various classes of survey.

5. COMPUTATION.-General principles. Mathematical tables, and tables for facilitating various calculations.

Graphics.

N

Instruments for facilitating calculation: Integrating machines. The closure of survey. Distribution of residual error. Determination of missing elements. Localisation of error. Reduction to coordinate systems. Problems, arising in survey, respecting lines, areas and volumes.

6. CARTOGRAPHY.-General principles of cartography. Instruments required, their examination and use. Protractor and coordinate systems of plotting. The preparation of plans and sections. Conventions in delineating topographical and orographical features. Systems of reducing, enlarging, and reproducing plans. The theory of projection. Projections used in map compilation. Methods of map compilation.

The

7. HYDRAULICS.—The general applications of hydrodynamics. The flow of water through orifices, over weirs, and overfalls, through pipes, and in sewers, canals, and rivers. Velocity and discharge formulæ. Current meters and their rating. gauging of discharges. Theory of flow in permeable strata and of artesian flow. Hydraulic computations. The present state of hydraulic theory.

8. HYPSOMETRY.-The theory of thermometric and barometric hypsometry: its application to the hypsometer, and to the aneroid and mercurial barometers. Schemes of hypsometric Limitations of these methods of height deter

observation.

mination.

9. NAUTICAL AND HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY.-Scope, aim, and general principles of nautical surveying. Measurement of land and sea bases. System of angle observations. Survey of estuaries, harbours, and of coast line generally. Soundings. Tidal phænomena: their observation and systematic reduction, and their application to hydrographic survey. The harmonic analysis of tides. Hydrographic cartography.

10. ASTRONOMY.-The general mathematical theory of astronomy. Its geodetical applications. Systems of coordinates. Ephemerides. The apparent places of celestial objects. Interpolations in astronomical tables. Celestial refraction, parallax, semi-diameter. The various methods of determining time, latitude, meridian, and longitude. Conditions of precision.

11. GEODESY.-The figure of the earth. Motion of the earth's axis, and consequent variation of latitudes and longitudes of points on earth's surface. Distance and azimuths on a

sphere, spheroid, and ellipsoid. The measurement of base-lines. Geodetic instruments and their use. The theory of errors and its application to geodesy. Computation of triangulation. Convergency of meridians. The geodetic determination of latitudes and longitudes. Geodetical hypsometry. Terrestrial refraction. Attraction, and the connection between astronomical and geodetic coordinates of points on the earth's surface.

1 to 8 inclusive.

MINING SURVEYING.

12. ELEMENTARY GEODESY.-Triangulation; determination. of meridian; convergency of meridians; computation and empirical adjustment of a triangulation.

13. UNDERGROUND SURVEYING.-General features of underground surveying. Methods of transferring the azimuth of the surface to the underground survey. Alignment, and the setting out of tunnels, &c., in curves. Methods of securing precision in underground survey. Special instruments and their use. relation between surface and mine workings. The survey of the positions of strata, veins, &c., their dip, strike, intersection, &c. Graphic methods of solving problems as to the dip, strike and intersection of veins.

The

14. DEVIATION OF BORES.-Methods of determining the direction and inclination of a bore and the instruments required. 15. MINING CARTOGRAPHY.-Systems of representing the results of mining surveys.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED FOR REFERENCE. Johnson's Theory and Practice of Surveying; Jackson's Aid to Survey Practice; Bauernfeind's Elemente der Vermessungskunde; Jordan's Handbuch der Vermessungskunde; Wilson's Topographic Surveying; Downing'sHydraulics; Neville's Hydraulic Tables, Coefficients and Formula; Jackson's Hydraulic Manual; Ganguillet's and Kutter's Flow of Water in Rivers and Channels; Merriman's Hydraulics; Robinson's Marine Surveying; Hawkins' Astronomy (Elementary); Chauvenet's Spherical and Practical Astronomy (Advanced); Doolittle's Astronomy; Clarke's Geodesy; Gore's Elements of Geodesy; Merriman's Least Squares; Wright's Adjustment of Observations; Brough's Mine Surveying.

64.-ARCHITECTURE.

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE, illustrated by photographs and drawings; and BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, illustrated by diagrams and drawings, and samples of materials.

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE.-The historical evolution of design in buildings from the earliest times to the present day, embracing Egyptian, Assyrian, Grecian, Roman, Romanesque, Byzantine, Saracenic, Gothic, Renaissance and Modern work.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED.-History of Architecture, by Fergusson (4 vols.); A History of Architecture, by Banister Fletcher (1 vol.)

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.-Description of the nature and proper utilisation of building materials, and of the modes of construction adopted in the various building trades.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED.-Building Construction, Rivingtons (vols. 1, 2, 3).

65.-MINING.

1. Brief History of Mining. Conditions under which mines are held; the chief provisions of the Mining Acts of New South Wales; the different varieties of mineral deposits, and their mode of occurrence. Heaves or dislocations; the rules for finding the lost or dislocated portions of lodes. Genesis of mineral veins. Influence of adjoining rocks upon veins. Descriptions of some of the most celebrated mines and mineral districts.

Boring and

2. Prospecting or search for minerals; shoading; trenching; costeaning. Exploration by shafts and adits. drilling; the various appliances used therefor.

3. Tools employed in mining. Explosives and their use in blasting. Tools employed in blasting. Rock-drills. Machinery employed in getting coal.

4. Principles of employment of labour in mines; daily wages; working by tribute or by contract.

5. Methods of mining in open works and quarries; ground sluicing; hydraulic sluicing; dredging.

6. Illumination of mines. The different varieties of lamps used in metalliferous mining and colliery.

7. Sinking shafts and driving levels. The different methods of securing excavations by timbering, masonry and tubbing. Construction of underground dams.

8. Exploitation of mineral deposits. The different methods of laying out excavations in metalliferous mines and collieries.

9. Haulage or transport of minerals underground.

10. Winding or raising in shafts, and the machinery employed.

11. Pumps and pumping arrangements.

12. Principles of ventilation in mines. Natural ventilation. The noxious gases occurring in mines, and the methods adopted for removing them. Methods of testing the purity and measuring the volume of the air employed for ventilation.

13. The mechanical treatment of ores. The different kinds of machinery used in the reduction and concentration of ores.

Text Books.-A treatise on Ore Deposits (J. A. Phillips and H. Louis), Colliery Manager's Handbook (Pamely). The following books may also be consulted:-Callon's Lectures on Mining (translated by Foster and Galloway); Ore and Stone Mining (Dr. C. Le Neve Foster); Mining and Ore-Dressing Machinery (C. G. Waruford Lock); The Mineral Resources of N.S. Wales (E. F. Pittman, 1901).

66.-SURGICAL DENTISTRY.

(a) SPECIAL DISEASES OF THE TEETH.-Eighteen lectures. Mr. R. Fairfax Reading, M.R.C.S., &c.

nent.

INTRODUCTORY-FOR FIRST YEAR STUDENTS.

1. Surgical Anatomy of the Teeth, Temporary and Perma

2. Extraction-Instruments to be used.

3. Accidents during and after extraction.

Hæmorrhage. Position when under anæsthetics and special instruments required.

FOR SECOND YEAR STUDENTS.

4. Condition of Teeth and Jaws at Birth.

5. Temporary Dentition and its Complications.

6. Permanent Dentition-Dates of eruption. characters.

Modifications.

General

7. Abnormalities-Syphilitic. Stomatitic. Supernumerary. Geminated. Dilacerated.

8. Caries-Definition. Literature. Etiology. Terminations. Complications. Sequela. Treatment, preventive and curative.

9. Diseases of the Pulp-Hyperæmia. Acute and Chronic Inflammation. Exposure. Gangrene. Polypus. Calcification. 10. Abscess-Position. Etiology. Varieties. Sequela.

11. Diseases of the Pericementum-Acute and Chronic Septic pericementitis. Non-septic pericementitis. Salivary

Calculus.

12. Pyorrhoea Alveolaris-Etiology. Diagnosis. Prognosis. Literature.