be found. Illustrate by taking the particular case where f(x) is sin 2x.

10. Shew that the orthogonal trajectories of a system of confocal ellipses are a system of hyperbolas confocal with the ellipses.

LOGIC AND MENTAL PHILOSOPHY II.

HONOURS.

1. Discuss the value of the views expressed in the Republic with regard to the relations between ideas and things.

2. Examine the determinist doctrine of the relation of man to nature.

3. "Motives make us free." Explain this quotation, and show its bearing on the question of human freedom.

4. Describe and examine Spencer's compromise between Egoism and Altruism.

5. Describe and examine Spencer's combination of Hedonism and Evolution.

6. Show the relation between the three classical proofs of the being of God.

7. Compare the moral ideal of Plato and Aristotle with modern Christian conceptions of virtue.

HISTORY II.

HONOURS.

You are recommended to answer not less than FIVE questions, and not more than SEVEN.

1. Discuss shortly the French Revolution from the religious point of view.

2. Show the importance of the idea of "the Rights of Man" in the French Revolution.

3. Why was it that the French Revolution led to the beginning of a period of European warfare?

4. Describe the condition of Germany in 1815, with a view especially to showing the changes that had taken place since 1789.

5. Describe the foreign policy of England from 1815 to 1827. 6. "By the help of God, I hope to defeat the German Revolution, just as I vanquished the Conqueror of the World." Explain Metternich's saying.

7. "In the Austrian Empire, a variety of races were held together by one crown: here national instincts impelled to separation."

Explain and illustrate this statement.

8. Discuss the policy of Napoleon III. in respect to the movement in favour of Italian unity.

9. What were the main causes of the war between France and Prussia in 1870? What were the chief consequences of the war?

10. Give some account of the events that led to the war between

Russia and Turkey in 1877. Explain the policy of the British Government in respect to the war, and to the peace by which it was concluded.

FACULTY OF LAW.

INTERMEDIATE EXAMINATION.

ROMAN LAW.

Candidates are not to attempt more than EIGHT questions, but these should include Nos.
I., IV. and IX.

I. Translate, and comment briefly on, the following passages from your text

(1) Cum autem impubes per principale rescriptum adrogatur, causa cognita adrogatio permittitur et exquiritur causa adrogationis, au honesta sit expediatque pupillo, et cum quibusdam condicionibus adrogatio fit (I, 11, 3).

(2) Et hoc est quod dicitur, per extraneam personam nihil adquiri posse (II, 9, 5).

(3) Testamentum jure factum usque eo valet, donec rumpatur irritumve fiat (II, 17, pr.).

(4) Plane si quis debere se scripserit, quod numeratum ei non est, de pecunia minime numerata post multum temporis exceptionem opponere non potest (III, 21, pr.).

(5) In summa sciendum est quaesitum esse, an impubes rem alienam amovendo furtum faciat (IV, 1, 18).

II. Contrast, shortly, the effect upon legal capacity, under the Roman Law, in the time of Justinian, of Potestas, Tutela, and Cura.

III. Videamus itaque nunc, quibus modis per universitatem res vobis adquiruntur. Explain, and illustrate, the conception of a Universitas in Roman Law, as a modus acquirendi.

IV. Discuss the rights of the parties in the following cases, stating the principles involved, under the law in force in the time of Justinian :—

(1) A makes a will containing the following institution:"Titius heres esto: Gaius et Maevius heredes sunto." Maevius predeceases the testator.

(2) A has an adopted daughter, B, who is in his potestas. He makes a will instituting C, an extraneus, as heir, and omits all reference to B.

(3) A by his will bequeaths a vineyard to B and a slave to C. At the time of his death it appears that A had, subsequently to the will, mortgaged the vineyard to D, and sold the slave to E.

(4) A by his will bequeaths to B a house, which, as it turns out, really belonged to C, although A had a hypothec over it. Prior to A's death the house is acquired by B, by way of gift.

V. Distinguish between Contractus and Pactum. Enumerate, and state the legal effect of, the different classes of Pacts known to Roman Law.

VI. Compare the legal position, under the Roman Law, of (1) A Usufructuary of land; (2) A lessee for years (conductor fundi); and (3) An Emphytenta.

VII. Trace, briefly, the development of the Roman Law of mortgage. What were the advantages of hypotheca other forms of real security?

VIII. To what extent, and by what methods, were “obligationes" transferable under the Roman Law, in the time of Justinian?

IX. Advise the parties as to their rights and remedies, in each of the following cases:

(1) A owns land adjoining that of B. B cuts down a number of trees which stood on A's land.

(2) A owns a house, adjoining a structure belonging to B. A alleges that B's structure is in an insecure condition, and threatens injury to his (A's) premises.

(3) A is the owner of land adjoining a public river. B moors his boat to a tree on A's bank. A cuts the rope, in consequence of which both B's boat and her cargo are lost.

(4) A agrees to lend B a sestercius, but by mistake hands him a gold aureus. B, on discovering the fact, spends the money, and subsequently denies the mistake.

(5) A sells to B a horse, which, as it turns out, has been stolen from C. C subsequently finding the horse in B's possession, seizes it by force and takes it away.

(6) A owns a valuable slave, in whom B has a usufruct. The slave is seriously injured and rendered worthless by the negligence of C.

X. Trace, briefly, the course of a Roman criminal prosecution under the Empire.

XI. Write a very brief explanatory note on six of the following: (1) The Lex Citationum; (2) Jura patronatus; (3) Specifi catio; (4) Possessio civilis; (5) Servitus altius tollendi; (6) Cautio Muciana; (7) Beneficium inventarii; (8) Fideicommissaria hereditas; (9) Solidary obligation; (10) Mandatum qualificatum; (11) Culpa levis; and (12) Obligatio quasi ex delicto.

JURISPRUDENCE.

TWO HOURS AND A-HALF.

Candidates must not attempt more than EIGHT questions.

I. What estimate have you formed as to the value of the services rendered by (1) Austin, and (2) Maine, -to juridical

science?

II. Discuss the following definitions:-
:-

(1) Political Society. "When a number of persons are sup-
posed to be in the habit of paying obedience to a person
or an assemblage of persons, of a known and certain
description, such persons altogether are said to be in a
state of political society."

(2) Right. "A person has a right, when another or others are bound or obliged by the law, to do or forbear, towards or in regard to him."

(3) Property. "A right, indefinite in point of user, over a determinate thing.'

(4) Servitude. Any such right, in a subject owned by another or others, as gives to the parties a definite power of using it."