Other cases are recorded; but in general bearings they so closely resemble the preceding, that it appears unnecessary to quote them. Mr. Knight also states, that the hereditary propensities described are stronger in the offspring of spaniels of five or six years of age, than in the offspring of younger dogs; and that he believes these propensities (we use his own term) might be made to cease, and others be given. He also thinks, "it may reasonably be doubted whether any dog having the habits and propensities of the springing-spaniel would ever have been known, if the art of shooting birds on wing had not been acquired."

II. CASES AND FACTS.

I. Phrenological Exercises.

CASES have been occasionally published in the Phrenological Journal, to illustrate the manner of drawing inferences of character from the form of head, and to afford evidences of the possibility of doing this with accuracy. The usual method has been, to publish an estimate of cerebral development, and to cite evidences of the excessive or feeble manifestations of different faculties, as exhibited in the character, conduct, or talents of the individual selected. As these cases have commonly been drawn up for the purpose of exhibiting decisive evidences in confirmation of the phrenological organs, and of the influence of very unequally balanced development, they are often not well adapted to prepare phrenologists for estimating the talents and dispositions of their ordinary acquaintances, in whom the inequality of development is less decided, and who are consequently more under the influence of modifications arising from any special direction given to their faculties by external circumstances. A few cases of the latter kind have been published, where the character has been predicated from the form of head with much success, and afterwards confirmed by parties well acquainted with the individuals chosen for the experiment. Cases of this description we regard as very useful. They are lessons for young phrenologists in the art of analysing character, and they are instructive facts for those who are more advanced in their studies, as each case exhibits some peculiarity in the combination of the faculties,

or in the modifications by influences from without. If published chiefly in the design of illustrating the connexion of particular character with particular forms of head, it is proper to let the account of character and the note of development appear together; but if intended also to serve as exercises for the skill of young phrenologists, the character and development should not be printed at the same time. It is for the purpose of securing the latter advantage, that we present to our younger readers the following note of development; requesting them to draw out, (for their private use,) a sketch of the disposition, tastes, and intellectual pursuits of the person from whose head the note was made. In our next Number we shall give some account of the individual, in reports which we have obtained by means of queries addressed to two of his near relations, separate from each other, and his own comments upon the replies of his friends. Our readers, preparing their own inferences before-hand, will then have the opportunity of ascertaining their exactness or otherwise.*

To ensure accuracy, we requested Mr. Combe to make the note of development; because, in the absence of a fixed standard, phrenologists will differ a little in their estimates according to the heads which they have been most accustomed to observe; and Mr. Combe's experience is very great. We should have raised Destructiveness and Wonder each one step in the scale, and have brought down Cautiousness and Order in the same degree.

Measurements of Head, in Inches and Eighths.

From Individuality to Philoprogenitiveness

Destructiveness to Destructiveness

Secretiveness to Secretiveness

Cautiousness to Cautiousness
Constructiveness to Constructiveness
Ideality to Ideality

Opening of the ear to Individuality
Comparison
Benevolence
Veneration

Firmness

Self-Esteem

Inhabitiveness

Concentrativeness
Philoprogenitiveness

555

Temperament mixed; the sanguine predominating; and next to that, the nervous. The gentleman has been well educated; is thirty-four years of age; unmarried; resident in the country; living on a moderate independent income, and the natural bent of his disposition has been very little interfered

with.

II. Case of Divided Consciousness.

Letters from Mr. COMBE to the Editor.

Communicated in two

BIRMINGHAM, 28th May, 1838.

SIR, By the kind attention of Mr. Jones, Surgeon to the Dispensary of this Town, I have this day seen a young woman who has exhibited the phenomena of divided consciousness or double personality, and now beg leave to report some of the circumstances, for the information of your readers.

The name of the young woman is Mary Parker; she is now sixteen years of age; she is of average stature for her years, slender, of the nervous temperament, with a slight admixture of the sanguine and lymphatic: she has black hair. Her head is of a full size for a female; the anterior lobe is large, the organs of Individuality, Eventuality, Comparison, and Language predominating the coronal region is well and very equally developed; while the animal organs are in fair proportion, but not predominant. Amativeness is moderate; Philoprogenitiveness large; Concentrativeness large; Adhesiveness, Combativeness, Constructiveness, and Acquisitiveness are only full; Destructiveness and Secretiveness are large; while Cautiousness, Self-Esteem, and Love of approbation are rather large. Altogether, the head presents a favourable combination, and the countenance has a pleasing, intelligent, and moral expression.

Her mother, sister, and Mr. Jones, were present, and from them and the patient herself I gathered the following particulars: :

Mary Parker has had epilepsy once or twice; but during the last three years she has been subject, at intervals, to fits of a different description. When these fits are approaching, she experiences pain in her left side, in her back between the shoulders, and in the back part of her head. Being requested to place her hand on the part of the head in which she felt the pain, she laid it over the space occupied by Philoprogenitiveness, Concentrativeness, and Adhesiveness. After the pain has lasted for some hours, she loses the recollection of all things and events that she knew in her natural state. She was in the house of her grandmother when she was first at

We hope that a full report of this case will be published by some one who has enjoyed opportunities of repeated observation. It might possibly give a solution of the difficult question, whether consciousness and the power of voluntary recollection are connected with any particular part of the brain? - EDITOR.

tacked. Her mother was sent for, but when she came, Mary did not know her, nor any person whom she had known when in her natural condition. When under the influence of the attack, she sees, hears, understands, speaks, and acts, like a person perfectly awake and in possession of the ordinary mental faculties, but there is a change in her dispositions. In her natural state, she is quiet, modest, and unabusive, showing amiable dispositions. In her new state, she is mischievous, sometimes impudent, and runs about looking out for an opportunity to do harm. She speaks disrespectfully to Mr. Jones, and once threw some article at him. Her mother observed, that even when most mischievous, if a child were presented to her, she became instantly calm, she caressed it, and never injured it. These attacks last from a few hours to two or three days. When the disordered state is about to go off, she feels extremely weak, and lies or sits down: the fit will go off in a few minutes, and she finds herself again in her natural state, but faint and weak, and she generally asks for something to eat. When well, she has no consciousness of any thing that she said or did, or that happened to her, during the fit. She has remained well for ten or fourteen days, or sometimes more, and then another fit has commenced. In the new fit she recollects the circumstances that occurred during her previous fits, but has no knowledge of the events which happened in her natural state. After she had had several attacks, but during a period of her natural condition, her mother removed to another house. After Mary had been in it for a few days, a fit came on, and then she did not know where she was. This alternation of states has extended over three years. Of late, they have been more regular, and the fits have been more rare. She was in her natural state when I saw her; but looked, pale, dull, and delicate. In her changed condition she is much more lively and energetic. She has had a seton in her neck, which is now healed; but the glands on the right side of the neck are at present considerably swelled.

This case closely resembles one reported by Dr. Dyce of Aberdeen, and another reported by Dr. Mitchell, of the United States; but no circumstance which presented itself to my observation, or that was reported to me, enables me to offer any conjecture concerning the condition of the brain that has given rise to these phenomena.

I am, &c.,

GEO. COMBE.

System of Phrenology, p. 630. and 141., fourth Edition.