GOVERNOR BULLOCK.

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Gov. Bullock is a native of Royalston, Mass.; where he was born on Mar. 2, 1816. Mr. Bullock pursued the study of law in the office of Hon. Emory Washburn at Worcester, and at Harvard University; and, in 1841, was admitted to the bar in Worcester, and began his practice that year. While still a student at Cambridge, he was appointed senior aide to Gen. Davis, who was elected for the second term in 1840.

He was chosen representative to the Legislature in 1845, and again in 1847 and 1848. The session of 1847 will be remembered as that in which Mr. Cushing, before the members were fairly in their seats, offered a resolu tion to pay twenty thousand dollars out of the treasury to the thousand or more volunteers for the war with Mexico. Mr. Cushing pressed the measure with great vehemence, and secured a favorable report from the committee to whom the subject was referred. Col. Bullock, in behalf of a minority of the committee, opposed the resolve in a speech which the reports characterized as "eloquent and masterly," turning the scales of opinion against that most adroit debater, and winning for himself an honorable reputation throughout the State. In 1849, he was chosen to the State Senate.

He was appointed Judge of Insolvency for Worcester County, by Gov. Gardner, in 1856, but resigned the office in 1858. The year following, he was elected Mayor of Worcester. He returned to the Legislature in 1860, and the four subsequent years, with hardly the forms of opposition. Of the service he has rendered to the Commonwealth in that period, it is too fresh in the memory of all readers to require repetition.

During the last year, Amherst College conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws. His Eulogy upon Abraham Lincoln, his Centennial Address at Royalston, his Oration before the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics' Association in Boston, his Anniversary Address at Dartmouth and Amherst, - all filled with evidences of extended reading, of careful culture, and of sincere thought, showed that his mind moved in no narrow circle, and won for him not only the applause of friendly audiences, but the appreciation of thoughtful and scholarly men.

In his Inaugural Address, in vigorous and eloquent language, he alluded to the war-record of the State. We quote a few passages from this peaceful message:

I find, that, in the first educational year after the Rebellion broke out, there was in the State a decrease in the school-appropriations of sixty-eight thousand dollars. The next year, 1863-64, these appropriations rose to one hundred and one thousand dollars above the preceding; the largest increase, with a single exception, which had ever been made. But in 1864-65, the last year of the war, the gain amounted to the sum of two hundred and fortysix thousand dollars, more than double that of any previous year; the amount expended on public schools, exclusive of buildings and books, being one million nine hundred and forty thousand dollars.

After urging an honorable and full compensation for the sol dier, and provision for the widow and orphan, he says of the impressive celebration of Forefathers' Day, an occasion which the throngs who participated in it will never cease to remember with pride, referring to the marching regiments and their colors,*-—

In storm and sunshine, in success and in repulse, they carried those banners through twelve hostile States. In the hour of utmost need, they, before all others, had planted them on the National Capitol, staining on the way, with the life-blood of some, the pavement of a city in rebellion. They had carried them with Hooker to the summit of Lookout Mountain, and had fixed them, with Strong and Shaw, on the ramparts of Wagner. With Burnside, they had crossed the mountains of Tennessee, and had sheltered the hearthstone of Andrew Johnson. With Butler, they had forced the channel of the Mississippi, and proclaimed law and order in the City of the Crescent. In all the campaigns of the East, in Sherman's grand march, with Banks at Port Hudson, with Grant at Vicksburg, wherever and whenever there was hazard to be encountered or laurels to be won, they had carried the BATTLE-FLAGS OF MASSACHUSETTS with unyielding devotion and national renown.

It is worthy the dignity of the State to reverence these martial memories; it is her interest to maintain these millitary lessons; and it should be her grateful duty to transmit to the coming generations these mementoes of the great battle for Freedom. And since, in their present position, they will be liable to wear and waste from the exposure, or to be injured by thoughtless hands, I have the honor to recommend that a generous appropriation be made for their preservation beneath the dome of the State House, in such a manner as shall insure their safety, while they shall always be accessible to the public inspection.

He closes with words to which the citizens of the State will respond :

In this communication, I have thought it proper to confine myself within those subjects which belong to our domestic administration. Another field lies beyond, broad as the Republic, laden with painful anxieties, but blossoming with transcendent hopes. It has been moistened all the way from the Capitol (within whose walls, first arriving, one of her regiments was quartered in the darkest hour), to the farthest lines of the whole expanse, with the blood of the sons of Massachusetts; and she may be forgiven for asking, in the day of victory to which she contributed, that the fruits shall be equal to the sacrifice.

Congress must be held to perform its part. In war, it was inevitable that the Executive overshadowed Congress; in peace, it is necessary that Congress should resume the exercise of its prerogatives under the Constitution. I, for * See Appendix.

GOVERNOR BULLOCK.

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one, am willing to intrust to the senators and representatives of Massachusetts in that body the interests and the convictions of this ancient of States.

Senators and Representatives,

I come to my office, as you approach yours, at a time when the excitement of arms has given way to the re-actions of peace. The statesman and magistrate who retires to-day from the Executive Office, aided by the Legislature through five years of war-administration, has given to the State a lasting glory of annals. For you and for me, I trust lighter duties may be our lot. But we will not mistake such relief for inaction or indifference; and, trusting the God of our fathers for his blessing, we will enter upon the responsibilities which have been assigned to us.

CHAPTER XXXIII.

THE NAVAL SERVICE OF THE STATE.

The Growth of the Navy.-Massachusetts Men in this Department. - Assistant Secretary Gustavus V. Fox.- Admiral Charles Henry Davis, Chief of Bureau of Navigation. Admiral Joseph Smith, Chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks. Commander Albert N. Smith, Chief of the Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting. - Other Officers. The Number of Men furnished for the Navy, during the War, by the Commonwealth. — Heroic Men and Deeds.

ERHAPS no single item indicates more strikingly the growth

war than the increase in the sizes of "The Annual Register," from a pamphlet of forty-six pages in 1861 to a volume of three hundred and thirty-five pages in 1865.

The prominence of Massachusetts in this arm of the service is intimated by the organization of the Navy Department. Here we find the names of Gustavus V. Fox, Assistant Secretary, salary, $4,000; Admiral Joseph Smith, Chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks, salary, $4,000; Admiral Charles Henry Davis, Chief of Bureau of Navigation, salary, $4,000; Albert N. Smith, son of the admiral, Chief of the Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting, salary, $3,500; William P. S. Sanger, Chief Engineer of the Bureau of Docks and Yards, salary, $3,000 to which might be added the names of several Massachusetts men as clerks, and other subordinate officers in the various bureaus.

We exceedingly regret that we have no complete records of the heroes of naval history.

GUSTAVUS V. FOX.

We begin the incomplete annals appropriately with the name of Gustavus V. Fox, Assistant Secretary in the Navy Department at Washington, - an officer who has no superior in the comparatively quiet work of this branch of national achievement during the war.

He was born at Saugus, June 13, 1821. His father removed to Lowell in 1823, where Gustavus acquired in the schools a good education.

June, 1838, he entered the navy. He was successively midshipman, passed midshipman, and, in 1852, lieutenant. Reliable and energetic, he passed safely through the temptations of almost every foreign port, prepared to take any position of usefulness at home.

Upon his resignation in 1855, he acccepted the agency of the Bay-State Mills, Lowell.

The earliest work for the country, after the secession movements at the South, was the originating and the prosecution of a plan for the relief of the garrison of Fort Sumter, January, 1861, a few weeks after Col. Hinks of Massachusetts offered Major Anderson his aid. We give the project in his own words, as he explained it to his friend, George W. Blunt: —

From the outer edge of the Charleston Bar, in a straight line to Sumter, through the Swash Channel, the distance is four miles, with no shoal spots having less than nine feet at high water. The batteries on Morris and Sullivan's Islands are about twenty-six hundred yards apart; and, between these, troops and supplies must pass. I proposed to anchor three small men-of-war off the entrance to the Swash Channel as a safe base of operations against any naval attack from the enemy; the soldiers and provisions to be carried to the Charleston Bar in the Collins steamer "Baltic;" all the provisions and munitions to be put up in portable packages easily handled by one man; the "Baltic" to carry three hundred extra sailors, and a sufficient number of armed launches, and to land all the troops at Fort Sumter in one night. Three steam-tugs of not more than six-feet draft of water, such as are employed for towing-purposes, were to form part of the expedition, to be used for carrying in the troops and provisions in case the weather should be too rough for boats.

With the exception of the men-of-war and tugs, the whole expedition was to be complete on board the steamer " Baltie;" and its success depended upon the possibility of running past batteries at night, which were distant from the centre of the channel thirteen hundred yards. I depended upon the barbetteguns of Sumter to keep the channel between Morris and Sullivan Islands clear of rebel vessels at the line of entering.

Gen. Scott encouraged and sustained Mr. Fox in his unselfish, patriotic effort to relieve the beleaguered men of Sumter; Secretary Holt seconded the enterprise; and President Buchanan, "palsied with terror," said yes one day, and no the next. When Mr. Lincoln succeeded him, the scheme was again urged upon the attention of the Government. The President was convinced of its feasibleness; and the plan of Mr. Fox was ordered to a practical test. But a failure in important details, for which Mr. Fox was not in the least responsible, defeated the design of the expe