CHAPTER X.

PERCENTAGE.

197. 1. A boy gave away 6 marbles out of every hundred he had. How many did he give away out of 400?

of 600? of 1000?

2. A man had 300 sheep, and sold 10 out of every hundred. How many did he sell?

3. A man sold 7 tons of coal out of every hundred he had. How many did he sell out of 900 tons?

4. A man sells 11 lbs. of sugar out of every hundred he has. How many pounds will he sell out of 500? How many pounds will he have left?

198. In considering the increase or decrease of quantities, we usually employ the number 100 as the representative of the quantity considered.

199. Instead of using the phrases 6 in every hundred, 10 in every hundred, 7 in every hundred, 11 in every hundred, we say 6 per cent, 10 per cent, 7 per cent, 11 per cent. The words per cent therefore mean hundredths.

200. The symbol % is used for the words per cent.

hundredths of a number are:

How many

What common fraction of a number (in its lowest terms) is:

201. Express % as hundredths and as a common frac

tion.

1% = 0.001200.

In like manner express as hundredths and also as common fractions:

=

8% of a number is 18 of the number; and 8 of 250 bu. – 20 bu.

14. 60% of 20 girls.

7. 25% of 120 horses.

15. 16% of 60 lbs. of butter.

16. 371% of 120 gals. of syrup.

17. 621% of 800 soldiers.

18. % of 500 bu. of wheat.
19. 1% of 4000 yds. of cloth.

20. % of 100 dollars.

9. A farmer having a flock of 1200 sheep lost 37% of them. What per cent of them, and how many sheep, had he left?

10. If copper ore yields 6% of pure metal, how many pounds of copper will be obtained from 1 t. of ore?

11. If a man buys 24 A. of land at $84 an acre, what must be the annual income that the investment may yield 10% ?

12. A grocer bought 40 cwt. of sugar for $240. 4% of it is wasted, and the remainder is retailed so that

there is neither loss nor gain. What is the retail price per pound?

13. A stone-mason contracted to dig a cellar 45 ft. long, 36 ft. wide, and 6 ft. deep at 25 cts. a cubic yard.

He lost 5% of his contract price. What was his loss?

14. A coal-dealer bought 25,784 t. of coal at $5 a ton. He sold 40% of it at $7, 20% at $8.50, and the remainder at $4.50. How much did he gain?

15. A gentleman owns 2 farms. The first contains 360 A., and the number of acres in the second is 150% of the number of acres in the first. Find the number in the second farm.

203. What per cent of 20 is 5?

Ex. 132.

1. From a school of 150 scholars, 50 are absent. What per cent of the whole is the number present?

2. In a school numbering 200 the daily average attendance is 160. What is the per cent of attendance? The number absent on the average is what per cent of the number present?

3. A person bought a house and lot for $6000, paying $5000 for the house. The value of the lot is what per cent of the value of the house?

4. From a peck of corn a crop of 48 bu. was raised. What per cent was the increase?

5. From 67 bu. of corn, 6 bu. 3 pks. are sold. What per cent of the whole is sold?

6. A house worth $8000 rents for $720 a year. What per cent of its value does it rent for?

7. From Delhi to Bombay the distance is 720 miles, and

from Delhi to Madras 1080 miles. What per cent of the distance to Madras is the distance to Bombay? 8. Westminster Hall is 270 ft. long and 75 ft. broad. What per cent of the length is the breadth?

9. The Peak of Teneriffe is 12,232 ft. high. What per cent of a mile is its height?

10. The Danube is 1630 miles long, and the Missouri from its source to the Gulf of Mexico is 4000 miles long. What per cent of the length of the Missouri is the length of the Danube?

11. What per cent of 7 hrs. and 30 min. are 63 min. ?

12. What per cent of 3 wks. and 4 dys. are 3 dys. and 10 hrs.?