16. Paid $10.08 for 144lb. of pepper; what was the price of one pound? What cost 3591b.?

Ans. $25.13. 17. Paid $77.13 for 857lb. of rice; what cost 1lb. ? What cost 359lb. ? Ans. $32.31. 18. J. Johnson paid $187.53 for 987gal. of molasses? what cost Igal.? What cost 329gal. ? Ans. $62.51. 19. For 47 bushels of salt, J. Ingersoll paid $26.32 ; what cost 1 bushel? What cost 39 bushels ?

Ans. $21.84. 20. If 15 men can perform a piece of work in 10 days, how long would it take one man to perform the same labor? How long 75 men? Ans. 2 days. 21. A certain field will pasture 10 horses 9 weeks; how long will it pasture 1 horse? How long 18 horses? Ans. 5 weeks.

22. If a mechanic, by laboring 9 hours per day, can perform a certain piece of work in 10 days, how long would it take him by laboring one hour per day? How long by 15 hours per day? Ans. 6 days. 23. Bought a silver tankard, weighing 2lb. 7oz. for $46.50; what did it cost per oz.? How much per lb. ? Ans. $18.00. 24. Bought 3T 1cwt. 18lb. of leather at 12 cents per lb., and sold it at 9 cents per lb. ; what did I lose? Ans. $205.50. 25. Phineas Bailey has agreed to grade a certain railroad at $5.75 per rod; what will he receive for grading a road between two cities, whose distance from each other is 37m. 7fur. 29r. ? Ans. $69356.75. 26. Bought a hogshead of molasses, containing 100 gallons, for $25; but 15gal. 3qt. having leaked out, I sold the remainder at 12 cents a quart; what did I gain? Ans. 15.44. 27. From a large farm, containing 765A. 3R. 14p., there were sold 144A. at $75 per acre, and the remainder was sold at $1.67 per square rod; what was the whole amount ? Ans. $176954.98. 28. Bought 15T. 3cwt. 15lb. of iron at 6 cents per pound; sold 6T. lcwt. 1qr. 181b. at 5 cents per lb., the remainder at 10 cents per lb. ; what did I gain? Ans. $678.14.

and

29. John Smith has 3 farms, the first contains 89A. 3R. 39p.; the second 97A. IR. 15p.; and the third 117A. IR. 19p. He gave his son 175A. 3R. 29p. and he sold the remainder at $1.25 per square rod. What did he receive? Ans. $25755.00. 30. A lady gave her daughter $10 to go a "shopping"; having purchased 2yd. of silk, at $ 1.27 per yd., a bonnet for $3.75, 3 pairs of gloves at 0.19 a pair, and two fans at 0.37 each, she returned the remainder of the money to her mother; what was the sum?

Ans. $2.40.

Section 16.

COMPOUND MULTIPLICATION.

MENTAL OPERATIONS.

1. If a penknife cost 9d., what will 2 penknives cost? What will 3? What will 4 ?

2. If a yard of cloth cost 1s. 6d., what will 2yd. cost? 4yd. 6 yd.? 7yd.?

3. A boy bought a top, for 1s. 2d.; what will 3 tops cost? What will 5 tops cost?

4. If a man walk_7m. 4fur. in 1 day, how far will he walk in 2 days? In 3 days? In 5 days?

5. If a man consume 5lb. 6oz. of meat in 1 week, how much will he require in 3 weeks?

6. If a small book cost 9d., what will 2 books cost? What will 4 books? What will 6 books?

FOR THE SLATE.

1. If an acre of land cost £14. 5s. 8d. 2qr., what will 9 acres cost? Ans. £128. 11s. 4d. 2qr.

£.

OPERATION.

8. d. qr. 14 5 82

128 11 4 2

In performing this question, we say 9 times 2 farthings are 18 farthings; these farthings, we reduce to pence by dividing them by 4; and we find the result to be 4d.

and 2 farthings remaining. We set down the 2 farthings and carry 4 to the next product. We then say 9 times 8 pence are 72 pence, to these we add the 4 pence, which make 76 pence, which we divide by 12, the number of pence in a shilling, and find the result to be 6 shillings and 4 pence, we set down the pence and carry the 6 shillings to the next product. We then say 9 times 5 shillings are 45 shillings, to these we add the 6 shillings, and the sum is 51 shillings, which are equal to 2 pounds and 11 shillings. We set down the 11 shillings, and carry the 2 pounds to the next product, and then say 9 times 14 pounds are 126 pounds, to these we add the 2 pounds, and the sum is 128 pounds, which we set down under the pounds in the multiplicand, and the work is finished, and the answer is £128. 11s. 4d. 2qr. Hence we perceive, that when the quantity is less than 12, we may adopt the following

RULE.

Multiply each denomination of the compound number, beginning at the lowest, by the multiplier, and carry as in Compound Addition.

113 1 21 12 103 11 0 0 154 2 15

Ton. cwt. qr. lb.
14 15 3 12

Cwt. qr.

lb. Oz.

.19 1

8

15

7

8

8

NOTE. The answers to the following questions are found in the corresponding numbers in Compound Division.

14. What cost 7 yards of cloth at 18s. 9d. per yard? 15. If a man travel 12m. 3fur. 29rd. in one day, how far will he travel in 9 days?

16. If 1 acre produce 2 tons 13cwt. 19lb. of hay, what will 8 acres produce?

17. If a family consume 49galls. 3qts. 1pt. of molasses in 1 month, what quantity will be sufficient for one year? 18. John Smith has 12 silver spoons, each weighing 3oz. 17dwt. 14gr., what is the weight of all?

19. Samuel Johnson bought 7 loads of timber, each measuring 7 tons 37ft.; what was the whole quantity? 20. If the moon move in her orbit 13°. 11. 35". in 1 day, how far will she move in 10 days?

21. If 1 dollar will purchase 2b. 83. 73. 19. 10gr. of ipecacuana, what quantity would 9 dollars buy?

22. If 1 dollar will buy 2A. 3R. 15p. 30yd. 8ft. 100in. of wild land, what quantity may be purchased for 12 dollars?

23. Joseph Doe will, cut 2 cords 97ft. of wood in 1 day; how much will he cut in 9 days?

24. If 1 acre of land produce 3ch. 6bu. 2pk. 7qt. 1pt. of corn, what will 8 acres produce?

II. If the quantity be such as may be resolved into two or more factors, that is, two or more numbers, whose product shall be equal to the quantity, the compound number may be multiplied by 1 of those numbers, and the product by the other, and the last product will be the value of the whole quantity.

25. What cost 24 yards of broadcloth at £2. 7s. 11d. per yard?

F *

£

8.

d.

422

7 11

9

11

4

57 10 0

In this question, we find the quantity 24 equal to the product of 4 and 6, we therefore multiply the price first by 4, and then that product by 6, and the last product is the answer. Or we

might have multiplied first by 6 and then by 4, and the answer would have been the same.

26. What cost 360 tons of iron at £17. 16s. 1d. per

ton?

In this question, we find the factors of 360 to be 6 and 6 and 10, that is, 6 multiplied by 6 are 36, and 36 multiplied by 10 make 360. We then first multiply by 6, and then that product by 6, and then again the last product by 10. The result wolud have been the same, if we had multiplied by 10 first.

27. If a man travel 3m. 7fur. 18rds. in one day, how far would he travel in 30 days?

28. If a load of hay weigh 2 tons 7cwt. 3qrs. 18lb., what would be the weight of 84 similar loads?

29. When it requires 7yds. 3qr. 2na. of silk to make a lady's dress, what quantity would be sufficient to make 72 similar dresses?

30. A tailor has an order from the navy agent to make 132 garments for seamen; how much cloth will it take, supposing each garment to require 3yds. 2qr. Ina. ?

III. When the quantity is more than 12, and the number is such, that it cannot be resolved into two or more factors, the better method is to find the factors of a number nearest the given number, and having multiplied the compound number by one of these factors, and the product by the other factor, then find the value of the remaining quantity and add it to the last product.

31. If 1 dollar will buy 17lbs. 10oz. 13dr. of beef, how much may be bought for 62 dollars?