REMARKS.-Which is the largest of the West India islands? Mention its length and breadth, and what it is now considered. What are the length and breadth of Hayti? Who took it from the French in 1791? What have they since formed? What is said of Jamaica? What are its length and breadth? Which is its principal town, and which is the seat of government? What are the length and breadth of Porto Rico? Which are the most valuable of the French West India islands? What prevail in both of these islands? Which is the most easterly, and which the most southerly of these islands? How many of the Bahama islands are there? What is said of St. Salvador? Which was the first land seen by Columbus, in his voyage of discovery in 1492? Mention the population of the West Indies. What proportion are blacks and mulattoes? SOUTH AMERICA. 1. BOUNDARIES.-South America is bounded on the north by the Caribbean Sea, and the Atlantic; on the east by the Atlantic; on the south by the Southern Ocean; and on the west by the Pacific. 2. EXTENT. It extends from 120 N. to 56° S. latitude; and from 35° to 81° W. longitude; being about 4,600 miles long, and 3,200 broad. 3. DIVISIONS.-South America contains the following States : To these may be added, British and French Guiana, and also Patagonia. 4. ISLANDS-Falkland Isles, Terra del Fuego, Georgia, Sandwich Land, South Orkneys, and South Shet land on the south; Chiloe, and Juan Fernandes,* on the west; and the Galapagos, near the Equator. 5. CAPES.-St. Roque, St. Maria, St. Antonio, and Horn. 6. MOUNTAINS.-The Andes, which extend along the western shore, from the Straits of Magellan to the Isthmus of Darien. 7. STRAIT.-Magellan, so named from the first person who sailed round the globe in 1520, between Patagonia and Terra del Fuego. 8. RIVERS.-The Orinoco, the Amazons, and the Rio de la Plata. The Orinoco is formed by the junction of several small rivers, and falls into the Atlantic, south of the island of Trinidad. The Amazons, one of the largest rivers in the world, rises in the Andes, and, after a course of nearly 4,000 miles, empties itself at the equator, into the Atlantic, by an estuary 180 miles wide. The Rio de la Plata, formed by the junction of the Paraguay and the Parana, falls into the Atlantic 200 miles below Buenos Ayres. Colombia is bounded on the north by the Caribbean Sea; on the east by the Atlantic and British Guiana; on the south by Brazil and Peru; and on the west by the Pacific. It comprehends New Grenada and the Caraccas. New Grenada extends from Peru to Guatamala, and comprises Darien, Panama, and Veragua. The Caraccas comprehend Maracaibo, Venezuela, Cumana, and Spanish Guiana, or, as it is now styled, Guiana of the Republic of Colombia. This country is now divided into twelve departments, and these are subdivided into thirtyeight provinces. It has valuable mines of silver, copper, and Juan Fernandes was the solitary residence of Alexander Selkirk, a Scotch sailor, whose adventures are the foundation of the very amusing tale of Robinson Crusoe. iron; but those of gold are said to be nearly exhausted. A large portion of it consists of elevated land, but it has also large tracts of level and luxuriant country. The climate varies considerably; in the plains excessive heat prevails, while the higher tracts have either a mild or cold temperature. The Government is a Federal Republic, having a President, elected every four years, with a Senate and House of Repre sentatives. The Roman Catholic is the established religion, without toleration to other sects. Santa Fé de Bogota, the capital, contains 60,000 inhabitants. The city of Quite, containing 70,000 inhabitants, is situated 9,500 feet above the level of the sea. Peru. The independence of this country was not established until 1825. It is now divided into Peru and Bolivia, or Upper Peru. Peru is bounded on the north by Colombia; on the east by Brazil and Bolivia, or Upper Peru; on the south by Chili; and on the west by the Pacific. It is divided into eight departments, and these are subdivided into 59 provinces. Its chief city is Lima, containing 70,000 inhabitants, the port of which is Callao. In this region of the globe there are no vio lent winds, the agitation of the air never amounting to any thing more than a refreshing breeze, and no fall of moisture much heavier than dew. The Government is a Republic, and the Roman Catholic religion is established. Bolivia, or Upper Peru, is bounded on the north by Brazil; on the east by Brazil and Paraguay; on the south by La Plata; and on the west by Peru. It is divided into 5 departments, and these are subdivided into 28 provinces. The Government and Religion are the same as in Peru. Chuquisaca, the capital, contains 18,000 inhabitants. The richness of the mines of this country, and of those of Peru, is proverbial. Chili is a long and narrow country, bounded on the north by Peru; on the east by La Plata; on the south by Patagonia ; and on the west by the Pacific. It is divided into eight pro vinces. It contains valuable mines of gold, silver, copper, and lead, and its climate is delightful. Santiago, the capital, con tains 60,000 inhabitants. The government is a Republic; and the Roman Catholic is the established religion. Rio de la Plata is bounded on the north by Bolivia, or Upper Peru; on the east by Paraguay and the Atlantic; on the south by Patagonia; and on the west by Chili. It is divided into fifteen provinces, and enjoys a salubrious climate and a fine soil. Its extensive plains, called Pampas, are covered with luxuriant herbage. Buenos Ayres, the capital, so called from its fine climate, is situated on the south bank of the river La Plata, and contains 100,000 inhabitants. Monte Video, on the north side of the river, is now claimed by Brazil. Its harbour is the best on the river. The government is a Republic, and the Roman Catholic is the established religion. Paraguay is bounded on the north by Brazil; on the east and south by the river Parana; and on the west by the river Paraguay. It is, fertile, and watered by numerous rivers, which inundate the country in the rainy season. Brazil is a fine and extensive empire, occupying a great portion of the central and eastern parts of South America. It is bounded on the north by Colombia, British and French Guiana, and the Atlantic; on the east by the Atlantic; and on the south and west by La Plata, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Peru. It extends from 4° north to 34° south latitude, and from 35° to 65° west longitude, and is about 2400 miles long, and 2000 broad. It is divided into eighteen provinces. The northern part of Brazil, lying in the torrid zone, is hot; but the southern districts have a delightful climate. Its soil is in general rich, and produces immense crops of maize, rice, sugar, coffee, and tobacco. The forests yield the most valuable kind of wood for dyeing and cabinet purposes; and gold and diamonds are procured to a great annual amount. Rio Janeiro, the capital, possesses the chief commerce of the empire, and contains 130,000 inhabitants. St. Salvador, the former capital, has an extensive trade, and contains 100,000 inhabitants. Brazil, from its discovery in 1500, to 1821, belonged to Portugal. In the last named year the Brazilians asserted their independence. The artful patriotism of Don Pedro, the Prince Royal, who headed the insurrection |