the next, 32 miles 10 rods; the next, 36 miles 2 furlongs; the next, 25 miles 6 furlongs 38 feet: how far did it go in 4 days?

43. Bought a barrel of flour for eight dollars and seventyfive cents; a ton of plaster for five dollars sixty-two and a half cents; a hat for three dollars twelve cents and five mills; fifty pounds of sugar for four dollars fifty cents and nine mills: what was the amount of my bill?

44. A lady bought a bonnet for $5.375; some silk for $12.03; some ribbon for $0.875; a shawl for $9.46: what did the whole amount to?

45. A wine-merchant taking an invoice of his liquors, finds that he has 5 hhd. 36 gal. 2 qt. of wine; 3 hhd. 15 gal. 1 qt. 1 pt. of rum; 1 hhd. 2 qt. of gin; 40 gal. 1 pt. of whiskey: how much liquor in all?

46. Tea was imported into the United States, in the year 1851, to the value of $4798005; in 1852, $7285817; in 1853, $8224853: what was the value of the tea imported during these three years?

47. The United States exported tobacco, in the year 1851, to the amount of $9219251; in 1852, $10031283; in 1853, $11319319: what was the entire value of tobacco exported in these three years?

48. A man sold his house and lot for $25840, which was $3186 less than he gave for them; how much did they cost him?

49. A speculator bought three city lots: for the first he paid $2870.43; for the second, $2346.75; for the third, $1563.82 He sold the same at an average profit upon each of $176.25; what amount did he receive for the lots?

50. What is the fortune of a merchant who has $79650 in real estate, $25640 in merchandise, $9654 in furniture and library $16835 in stocks, $12642 in debts due him, and $5685 in cash?

51. The churches of the United States and Territories, in 1850, were: Baptists, 9375; Congregationalists, 1706; Presby

terians, 4824; Methodists, 13280; Universalists, 529: what was the whole number of churches belonging to these five denom inations?

52. In the same year, the value of the church property owned by the Baptists in the United States and Territories was $11020855 by the Congregationalists, $7970195; by the Presbyterians, $14543789; by the Methodists, $14822870; by the Universalists, $1752316: what was the entire amount?

53. During the year 1853, there was coined in the United States, $51888882 of gold; $7852571 of silver; and $67059 of copper; what was the amount of money coined in the United States in 1853 ?

54. A farmer sends to market the following quantities of butter: 18 cwt. 2 qr. 16 lb. 1 ton 5 cwt. 21 lb. ; 2 qr. 14 lb.:

; how much did he send in all?

55. A man having 84 acres 3 roods 26 perches of land, buys 120 acres 14 perches more: how much did he then have?

56. Suppose a father divides his estate equally among his three sons, giving each twenty-five thousand dollars seven dimes six cents and five mills: what was the value of the estate?

57. A farmer has three fields of grain: The first yields 1375 bushels; the second, 1810 bushels; the third, 1265 bushels ; he values his entire farm at $2975 more than the number of bushels of grain raised from these three fields: what was the value of his farm?

58. Bought a silver teapot weighing 1 lb. 6 oz. 12 dwt.; a cream-cup, weighing 10 oz. 18 dwt. 20 gr.; a porringer, weighing 11 oz. 16 gr.; a dozen large spoons, weighing 1 lb. 14 dwt 12 gr.: what was the weight of the whole?

59. The whole number of adults in the United States and Territories, over twenty years of age, who could not read and write, in 1850, was as follows: Of whites, males, 389664; females, 573234; free colored, males, 40722; females, 49800: what was the whole number?

60. Cæsar was murdered B. c. 43, and Washington died A.D. 1799. How many years elapsed between the death of these

great men?

61. A forwarding merchant had in his store-room, at one time, 7500 bushels of corn; 12865 bushels of wheat; 4680 bushels of oats; 3296 bushels of barley; and had room enough left to store 4000 bushels of oats: how many bushels of grain weck the storehouse hold?

man engaging in trade, had $5164.50 in cash; $11810.25 in goods; $3004 in notes. His net profits averaged $2384.16 a year, for 3 years: what was the total value of the property at the end of the three years?

63. A person paid two eagles for a coat; four dollars and six dimes for a hat; two dollars and sixty-three cents for a rest; eight dimes seven cents and five mills for a knife: what was the amount of his bill?

64. From a piece of cloth, 12 yd. 2 qr. were cut at one time; 16 yd. 1 qr. 3 na. at another, when there were 10 yd. 1 qr. 1 na. remaining: how much was there in the whole piece?

65. A farmer purchased a plough for $91; a wagon, for $451; a horse, for $1103; a load of hay, for $121; a harrow, for $3}: what was the cost of the whole?

66. If a certain warehouse be worth $12540.371⁄2, and onefourth the contents is valued at $5632.108: what is the value of the warehouse and the whole of its contents?

67. An English gentleman wishing to possess a certain horse, offers in exchange another horse, valued at £25 13s. 6d., a carriage valued at £15 8s. 9d. 2far., and £18 in cash. Те offer was accepted: what did he pay for the horse?

68. In 1850, the State of New York produced 13121498 bushels of wheat; Pennsylvania, 15367691 bushels; Virginia, 11212616 bushels; Ohio, 14487351 bushels; Missouri, 2981652 bushels; Illinois, 9414575 bushels: what was the whole num ber of bushels produced by those States in that year?

69. A farmer sold his wheat for $825.87; his barley for $67.12; his pork for $80.10; his apples for $46: how much did he receive for the whole?

70. Three persons enter into copartnership: The first put in 7825 dollars capital; the second put in 1250 dollars more than the first; and the third put in as much as the other two what was the whole amount of capital invested?

71. A farmer raised in one field 240 bush. 3 pk. 2 qt. of wheat; in another, 97 bush. 6 qt.; in another, 42 bush. 1 pk.: how much did he raise in the three fields?

72. Add together three hundred dollars, ten eagles, forty dimes, ninety-six cents, seven mills, nine dollars, forty-seven cents, five mills, four eagles, three dollars, and nine dimes.

73. What is the sum of £17 10s. 6d.; £25 4s. 104d.; 18s. 6d. 3far.; £11 91d.; £1 18s.; 21s. 64d.?

74. A speculator bought a house and lot for $4750; he paid $695 for its thorough repair, and $165 for the introduction of gas; he then sold the house at an advance of $625 above all costs: what did he receive for it?

75. One town is in latitude 37° 34' N., and another town in latitude 29° 16' S.: how far apart are they in latitude?

76. A merchant bought 4 hogsheads of sugar weighing respectively, 19 cwt. 3 qr., 22 cwt. 1 qr. 18 lb., 16 cwt. 2 qr. 12 lb., 24 cwt. 1 qr. 19 lb.; he paid $582.68 for the sugar, and $83.24 for freight and other charges; he sold the whole, and gained $166.48 at what price per lb. did he sell?

77. The Deluge, according to Chronology, occurred 1656 years after the Creation; the call of Abraham, 427 after the Deluge. the departure of the Israelites, 430 after the call of Abraham the foundation of the Temple, 479 after the departure of th Israelites; the end of the Captivity, 476 after the foundation. of the Temple; and the birth of Christ, 536 years after the end of the captivity: how many years from the Creation to the present time, it being the year 1864 ?

SUBTRACTION.

42. SUBTRACTION is the operation of finding the difference between two numbers.

43. The DIFFERENCE between two numbers is such a number as, added to the less, will give the greater.

44. THE MINUEND is the greater of the two numbers

45. THE SUBTRAHEND is the less of the two numbers.

46. THE REMAINDER, OF DIFFERENCE between two numbers, is the result of the operation.

47. When the two numbers are equal, either may be the minuend, and the remainder is 0.

48. Principles which control the operations.

1. The difference of two numbers added to the less number, gives the greater;

2. Like units alone can be taken from each other;

3. The difference is the same, if both numbers be equally increased

49. Operations and Rule.

1. From 869 take 327; that is, from 8 hundreds 6 tens and 9 units, take 3 hundreds 2 tens and 7 units.

ANALYSIS.-Place the numbers so that units of the same order may fall in the same column Beginning with the lowest order, we take units from units; then tens from tens; then, hundreds from hundreds; and find the remainder to be 542.

OPERATION.

869 min.

327 sub.

542 rem

42. What is the difference between two numbers-43. What is gubtraction?-44. What is the minuend?-45. What is the subtra. hend?-46. What is the remainder, or difference?-47. When is the remainder 0?-48. What are the three principles that control the opera tions of Subtraction?-49 Give the rule for finding the difference o two numbers.