supplies, to secure an establishment at Derne and Bengazi. Those provinces in our possession will cut off from the enemy and turn into our own channel, a source of provisions; and will open a free intercourse with the interior of the country. I have requested of the Commodore for this purpose, an hundred stands of arms, with cartridges, and two fieldpieces with trains and ammunition; and also a detachment of one hundred marines, if necessary, to lead a coup de main. I calculate the whole expenditure of cash in this expedition, including expences of Egypt, will amount to twenty thousand dollars. Further disbursments and supplies will be necessary to carry this plan into final effect. But, to indemnify the United States, I have entered into a convention with Hamet Bashaw to pledge the tribute of Sweden, Denmark and the Batavian Republic, which convention, I shall reduce to writing, and forward by Capt. Hull if time permit; otherwise by the earliest occasion.

CONVENTION,

BETWEEN the UNITED STATES of AMERICA, and his Highness, HAMET CARAMANLY, BASHAW of TRIPOLI.

GOD IS INFINITE.

ARTICLE I. There shall be a firm and perpetual peace, and free intercourse, between the government of the United States of America and his Highness, Hamet Caramanly, Bashaw, the legitimate Sovereign of the kingdom of Tripoli, and between the citizens of the one, and the subjects of the other.

ART. II. The government of the United States shall use their utmost exertions, so far as comports with their own honor, and interest, their subsisting treaties, and the acknowledged law of nations, to reestablish the said Hamet Bashaw in the possession

of his sovereignty of Tripoli, against the pretensions of Joseph Bashaw, who obtained said sovereignty by treason, and who now holds it by usurpation. And who is engaged in actual war against the United States.

ART. III. The United States shall, as circumstances may require, in addition to the operations they are carrying on by sea, furnish to said Hamet Bashaw, on loan, supplies of cash, ammunition and provisions; and, if necessity require, debarkations of troops also, to aid, and give effect to the operations of said Hamet Bashaw, by land, against the common enemy.

ART. IV. In consideration of which friendly offices, once rendered effectual, his Highness, Hamet Caramanly, Bashaw, engages, on his part, to release to the Commander in chief of the forces of the United States in the Mediterranean without ransom, all American prisoners who are, or may hereafter be, in the hands of the usurper, said Joseph Bashaw.

ART. V. In order to indemnify the United States against all expence they have or shall incur in carrying into execution their engagements expressed in the second and third article of this convention, the said Hamet Bashaw transfers, and consigns, to the United States, the tribute, stipulated by the last treaties, of his Majesty the King of Denmark, his Majesty the King of Sweden, and the Batavian Republic, as the condition of peace with the Regency of Tripoli, until such time as said expence shall be reimbursed.

ART. VI. In order to carry into full effect the stipulation expressed in the preceding article, said Hamet Bashaw, pledges his faith and honor, faithfully to observe, and fulfil, the treaties now subsisting between the Regency of Tripoli and their Majesties the Kings of Denmark and Sweden, and with the Batavian Republic.

ART. VII. In consideration of the friendly dispositions of his Majesty the King of the two Sicilies

towards the American Squadrons, his Highness Hamet Bashaw invites his said Sicilian Majesty to renew their ancient friendship and proffers him a peace on the footing of that to be definatively concluded with the United States of America, in the fullest extent of its privileges, according to the tenor of this convention.

ART. VIII. The better to give effect to the operations to be carried on by land, in the prosecution of the plan, and the attainment of the object pointed out by this convention, WILLIAM EATON, a citizen of the United States, now in Egypt, shall be recognized as General and Commander in chief of the land forces, which are, or may be, called into service against the common enemy, and his said Highness Hamet Bashaw, engages that his own Subjects shall respect, and obey him as such.

ART. IX. His Highness, said Hamet Bashaw, grants full amnesty, and perpetual oblivion towards the conduct of all such of his subjects as may have been seduced by the Usurper, to abandon his cause, and who are disposed, to return to their proper allegiance.

ART. X. In case of future war between the contracting parties, captives on each side shall be treated as prisoners of war, and not as slaves, and shall be entitled to reciprocal and equal exchange, man for man, and grade for grade, and in no case, shall a ransom be demanded for prisoners of war, nor a tribute required, as the condition of peace, neither on the one part uor the other. All prisoners on both sides, shall be given up at the conclusion of

peace.

ART. XI. The American Consular Flag in Tripoli shall forever be a sacred asylum to all persons who shall desire to take refuge under it, except for the crimes of treason and murder.

ART. XII. In case of the faithful observance and fulfilment on the part of his Highness, said Hamet Bashaw, of the agreements and obligations herein

stipulated, the said Commander in chief of the A merican forces in the Mediterranean, engages to leave said Hamet Bashaw, in the peacable possession of the city and Regency of Tripoli, without dismant. ling its batteries.

ART. XIII. Any article suitable to be introduced in a definative treaty of peace between the contracting parties, which may not be comprised in this convention, shall be reciprocally on the footing of the treaties subsisting with the most favored nations.

ART, XIV. This convention shall be submitted to the President of the United States for his ratification in the mean time there shall be no suspence in its operations

(L. S.)

Done at Alexandria in Egypt, February 23d, 1805, and signed by said Hamet Bashaw, for himself and successors, and by WILLIAM EATON, on the part of the United States.

WILLIAM EATON.
(Arabic signature and seal of Hamet.)
In prsence of

P. N. O'BANNON, Lieut. of Marines,
DR. FRANCISCO MENDRICI,

PASCAL PAOLI PECK.

Additional Article, secret.

His Highnes, Hamet Bashaw will use his utmost exertions to cause to surrender to the Commander in chief of the American forces in the Mediterranean, the Usurper Joseph Bashaw, together with his family and chief admiral called Maurad Raiz, Alias, Peter Lisle, to be held by the Government of the United States as hostages, and as a guarantee of the faithful observance of the stipulations entered into by convention of the 23d February 1805, with the United States, provided they do not escape by flight. WILLIAM EATON.

(Arabic signature and seal of Hamet.)

Witness,

P. N. O'BANNON, Lieut. of Marines,
DR. FRANCISCO MENDRICI,

PASCAL PAOLI PECK.

FROM THE JOURNAL.

March 2d, 1805.

OUR provisions, which were embarked on board a Nile boat to be transported to the Marabout were arrested in the new port of Alexandria. The lines which defend the city were manned, and orders given that no one, American officers excepted, should depart. The Bashaw's servants, who were leaving town with sundry articles of baggage, were arrested and imprisoned. Turkish guards and patroles advanced towards the Bashaw's camp. He was alarmed, and with his people, was on the point of flying to the desert. The firm and decided conduct of Mr. O'Bannon prevented their movement. We found the impediments raised to us were occasioned by the influence of the supervisor of the revenue, who had not yet been bought. The day was spent in accommodating the affair. The influence of the British Consul prevailed; and we obtained