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January, 1st month, has 31 days, July, 7th month, has 31 days,

February,20
March, 3d
April, 4th

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28 66

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May, 5th
June, 6th .6

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August, 8th 66
September, 9th "
October, 10th
November,11th "

31 66 30 66

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December,12th " 31

When the year can be divided by 4 without a remainder, it is called leap year, in which February has 29 days.

Note 6.-Although 13 months is not an exact year, it will be sufficiently accurate in the following questions to carry for that number.

24. Add together 25 y. 9 mo. 2 w. 6 d. 41 m. 41 s. and 11 y. 7 mo. 1 w. 3 d. 20 h. 39 m. 39 s.

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25. Estimating the time from the discovery of America to the settlement of Massachusetts, at 128 y. 1 mo. 3 w. 6 d. 23 h. (which is very near the truth;) from the settlement of Massachusetts, to the declaration of independence, at 155 y. 6 mo. 1 w. 6 d. 48 s.; how long from the discovery of America to the declaration of independence?

Ans. 283 y. 8 mo. 1 w. 5 d. 23 h. 48 s.

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26. A certain note was on interest 2 y. 48 m. when a part of the note was paid. After the payment it was 2 y. 3 mo. 3 w. 5 d. 20 h. 45 s. before the - note was taken up. How long from the time the note was given until it was taken up?

Ans. 4 y. 3 mo. 3 w. 5 d. 20 h. 48 m. 45 s.

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This measure is used in reckoning latitude and longitude; in computing the revolutions of the planets; and in measuring most other circles.

Remark. Every circle, whether large or small, is supposed to be divided into 360 degrees, consequently, a degree in a large circle, must be longer than one in a small circle; and the minutes and seconds must vary accordingly.

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(27.)

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25 25 25

How

28. The latitude of Boston is 42° 23' 2" north, and that of Rio Janeiro, 22° 58′ 59′′ south. many degrees of latitude between the two places?

Ans. 65° 22′ 1′′.

29. The longitude of Philadelphia is 75° 9′ west, and that of Rome, 12° 29' east, and that of Moscow 37° 38′ east; how many degrees of longitude between Philadelphia and Rome,also between Philadelphia and Moscow?

Ans.

S Between Phil. and Rome,

87° 38'.

Between Phil. and Moscow, 112° 47'.

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Ells are measures used in several countries of Europe for measuring cloth; but in the United States, the yard is used.

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31. Bought at Amsterdam, 3 pieces of camlet; No. 1, measuring 27 E. Fl. 2 qr. 3 na.; No. 2, 25 E. Fl. 1 qr. 2 na.; No. 3, 21 E. Fl. 2 qr. How much cloth in the three pieces?

3 na.

Ans. 75 E. Fl. 1 qr. 32. A merchant buys in London 4 bales of broadcloth; the 1st contains 106 E. E.; the 2d, 102 E. E. 3 na.; the 3d, 110 E. E. 4 qr.; and the 4th, 92 E. E. 3 na. How many Ells in the 4 bales?

Ans. 411 E. E. 2 na. 33. Bought 3 pieces of silk at Paris, measuring 31' E. Fr. 1 na. ; 29 E. Fr. ; 28 E. Fr. 5 qr. 3 na.; how much silk in the 3 pieces?

Ans. 89 E. Fr.

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2 Hogsheads,

1 Pipe,

P.

T.

2 Pipes, or 4 Hogsheads, 1 Tun,

Spirits, perry, cider, mead, vinegar, honey and oil

are measured by this measure.

(34.)

T. P. hhd. gal. qt. pt. gl.

11 1 1

50 3

1

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35. A merchant has 3 P. partly filled with wine ; No. 1, contains 1 hhd. 25 gal. 3 qt.; No. 2, 27 gal. 1 qt. 2 gl.; No. 3, 1 hhd. 2 qt. 2 pt. much wine in the 3 pipes?

How

Ans. 1 P. 53 gal. 3 qt. 2 gl. 36. A merchant imports in a vessel 56 P. of brandy; 27 hhd. 49 gal. 2 qt. of wine; and 25 gal. 1 qt. 1 pt. 3 gl. of porter. How much in the whole? Ans. 21 T. 11 gal. 3 qt. 1 pt. 3 gl.

ALE OR BEER MEASURE.

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1 Barrel, bar.

1 Hogshead, hhd.

Ale, beer, and milk, are measured by this measure.

37. A milkman sells to one gentleman 5 gal. 3 qt. 1 pt. of milk; another, 11 gal. 1 pt. ; and to a third, 9 gal. 2 qt.; how much milk does he sell?

Ans. 26 gal. 2 qt.

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1 Bushel, bus.

1 Chaldron, ch.

Grain, fruit, seeds, roots, salt, sand, oysters, &c. are measured by this measure.

38. A farmer raised in one field 4 ch. 3 pk, 1 pt. of corn; 27 bus. 7 qt. of wheat; 3 ch. 5 bus. 2 pk.

How much

of rye ; 7 ch. 4 qt. 1 pt. of oats; 1 ch. 5 bus. 3 pt. of barley; 7 bus. 1 pk. 1 pt. of peas. did the field produce?

Ans. 16 ch. 9 bus. 3 pk. 6 qt. 39. A trader has on hand 17 bus. 3 pk. 1 pt. of wheat; 8 bus. 2 pk. 7 qt. of rye; 5 bus. 1 pk. 5 qt. 1 pt. of corn; and 3 bus. 3 qt. of oats; how Ans. 35 bushels.

much in the whole?

10001

MULTIPLICATION OF COMPOUND
NUMBERS.

When the sum of two or more numbers of different denominations, and one of the numbers represents a different quantity from either of the others is to be expressed, we find that sum by adding; but when several equal numbers of different denominations, are to be collected into one number, the operation is performed by multiplying.

The only difference which exists between multiplying a compound and a simple number, is, that in multiplying a simple number, we always add 1 to the next left hand place for every 10; but in multiplying a compound number, we carry for different numbers from one denomination to another, but for 10, when multiplying one denomination, when that denomination contains more than one column of figures. But in both cases we increase the numbers towards the left, by the same general principle, for in both, we carry for a number in the place we are multiplying, which is equal to one in the next place.

When the multiplier does not exceed 12.

RULE. Write the multiplier under the last denomination of the multiplicand. Multiply each denomination as in simple numbers, beginning with the least; observing to carry one to the product of the next higher denomination, for as many as it takes of

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