they wyll drive theyr hole host 40 myle, for they are all a horsbacke, without 10 it be the traundals and laggers of the oost, who follow after a foote.11-Chronycle of Froissart. 56 1 Vide Ad. 2 Cf. Geographical Phrases. 3 Use prohibere itinere Caledonios. Use nisi with ablative absolute, and cf. p. 67. 'they had passed without the knowledge of the garrisons' (inscientibus præsidiis) of this and the neighbouring town.' 6 Vide Geographical Phrases and uses of spatium. 7 Cf. labori ac duritiæ studere or labore se durare. 8 Turn so that they make very long marches under arms in time of war,' and cf. Military Phrases. 9 incursionem facere statuere. 10 nisi calones atque ejusmodi homines. 11 pedibus. 3 EXERCISE X. And whan the kyng of Inglande had ron over1 all the playne countrey 2 of Scotlande and tarried there the space of six monthes and sawe that none would come against hym, he withdrew fayre and easely toward Berwike 5— And whan he had come there he layde round about his siege and sayd he would never depart thans tyll" he had wonne it, or else the kyng of Scottis came and raised his siege parforce.9 And 10 within the towne there were good men of warre, set there by the kyng of Scottis-before it there were many assauts and sore skyrmysshes nygh every daye,11 for they of the city wolde not yielde them up simply,12 for alwaies they thought to be rescued :13 how be it there was no succour appered-And whan they in commande of the towne sawe that no comfort1 nor ayde came to them from any part, and that their vitayles 15 began to fayle, 16 and howe17 they were enclosed both by land and by water, than they began to treate 14 with 18 the kyng of Inglande and desire a month's truce. -Chronycle of Froissart. 3 Use 1 Quoquoversus vagari. 2 Vide Geographical Phrases. resistere, impersonal. 4 satis commode. 5 ad maritimam urbem; cf. Prepositions. 6 circumvallare. 7 Vide Conjunctions. 8 oppidum obsidione liberare. 9 vi atque armis, or 'per vim.' 10 Turn 'in which town the king had set a very strong garrison.' 11 Cf. Exercise V. ='surrender;' cf. Military Phrases; simply = sine contentione. 13 auxilium with impersonal verb; vide Predicative Dative. 14 solatium. 15 res frumentaria. 16 deficere. 17 Use infinitive. 18 Turn 'to ask these terms of peace that they might gain' (impetrare) 'a month's truce' (indutiæ), or ita agere cum . . . ut. 12 EXERCISE XI. Harold was at York, rejoicing1 over his recent victory, which had delivered2 England from her ancient3 foes, and when the tidings reached him that Duke William of Normandy and his host had landed on the Sussex shore, Harold instantly hurried southward to meet this long-expected enemy. The severe loss which his army had sustained in the battle with the Norwegians must have made it impossible for any large number of veteran troops to accompany him in his forced march 10 to London. He halted at the capital only six days; and during that time gave orders for collecting forces from his southern and midland counties,11 and also directed his fleet to reassemble off the Sussex12 coast. He might have gathered a much more numerous force than that of William, but his recent victory had made him over confident,13 and he was irritated 14 by the reports 15 of the country being ravaged by the invaders. As 16 soon, therefore, as he had collected a small army in London, he marched off towards 17 the coast: pressing forward as rapidly as possible, 18 in the hope of 19 taking the Nor 20 mans unawares, as he had recently by a similar forced march succeeded in surprising the Norwegians. 21———— Creasy's Fifteen Decisive Battles. York Eboracum. Sussex = Saxones. 4 Cf. Nautical 1 lætus with ablative. 2 liberare. 3 vetus. Phrases. 5 Cf. Geographical Phrases. 6 ad or obviam. 7 Turn into ablative absolute, and cf. Military Phrases. 8 Say, in superiore prælio. 9 Cf. Military Phrases throughout. 10 Put in next sentence and begin-' when he had reached Londinium by forced marches,' etc. 11 proximæ civitates. 12 Say, ad certum locum or ad Portum Novum. 13 nimis elatus by, etc. 14 graviter ferre quod. impersonal verb. 16 ubi primum, or simul ac with perfect indicative. 17 Cf. Geographical Phrases. 15 Use si posset; 18 19 cf. Conjunctions. 20 Cf. Military Phrases. 3 EXERCISE XII. 4 7 But Harold, when he found1 that his hopes of3 surprising his adversary were vain, changed his tactics, and halted about seven miles from the Norman lines. He sent some spies, who spoke the French language, to examine the numbers and preparations of the enemy, who, on their return, related with astonishment 10 that there were more priests in William's camp than there were fighting men in the English army; because11 from ignorance12 of the Norman usages 13 they had mistaken for 14 priests all the Norman soldiers who 15 had short hair and shaven 16 chins. Harold's army was far inferior 17 in number to that of the Normans, and some of his captains advised 18 him to retreat upon London, and 19 lay waste the country, so as to starve down the strength of the invaders. 2 20 1 intelligere, videre, etc. hopes were vain 3 de; cf. Prepositions. 3 Cf. Military Phrases. Military Phrases. 6 con 'About,' etc., cf. Geographical Phrases. 7 Gallicæ linguæ periti. 8 Turn-using indirect question. 9 deferre. 10 admiratio. 11 quod; cf. Conjunctions. 12 inscientia. 13 suetudo or instituta. 14 habere pro. 15 Cf. Cases; descriptive ablative. rasum os. 17 Cf. Ablative Case; minime pares or inferiores. 18 censere, hortari, monere. 19 Use ablative absolute. 20 fame 16 opprimere. EXERCISE XIII. But 1 Harold could not endure to inflict on his subjects even the temporary2 misery of 3 wasting the country. Harold's brothers were with him in the camp, and endeavoured to persuade him to absent himself from the battle. Harold replied 5 that he could while others risked 8 their lives for him. hold him a coward, and blame him for not look on Men 7 would sending his He re best friends where he dared not go himself. solved, therefore, to fight, and to fight in person 10: but he was still too good a general to be the assailant 11 in the action. He strengthened 12 his position on the hill where he had halted, by a palisade of stakes 13 interlaced 13 with osier 13 hurdles, 13 and there, he said he would defend himself against whoever should seek him.-Creasy's Fifteen Decisive Battles. 1 Turn 'this advice did not please him, as he' (qui with subjunctive) 'was unwilling to inflict' (inferre), or 'would not allow his subjects to suffer want' (inopia). 2 Either use in (cf. Time) or brevissimi temporis injuria (cf. Genitive Case). 3 ablative absolute. 4 Cf. Military Phrases. 5 Vide Oratio Obliqua. 6 in discrimine versari, or cf. vi. 34: Ut potius in silvis' Gallorum vita' quam legionarius miles periclitetur. 7 Use rhetorical question; cf. Oratio Obliqua. 8 pro turpissimo habere. 9 Use quod, vide Conjunctions. 10 ipse per se; vide Per. 11 Cf. Military Phrases on bellum, and prælii initium facere. 12 Use ablative absolute; munire locum. vimina ac crates, contextus. 13 vallus, 2 6 EXERCISE XIV. This promise moved1 so them of Kent, of Essex, of Sussex, of Bedforde, and of the countreis about, that they rose and came towardes London to the nombre of 3 lx thousande; and thay had a capitayne called Walter Tyler and with him in companye was Jaques Strawe 5 and Johan Belle, these three were chefe soveragne capitaynes, but the heed of all was Walter Tyler. When these unhappy men began thus to styrre9 they of London 10 except 11 such as were of theyr bande 12 were greatly afrayed. Then the mayre of London 13 and the rich men of the cytie toke counsayle togyder; and when they sawe the people thus comynge 14 on every syde, they caused the gates of the cite to be closed, and wolde suffre no man to entre into the cytie: but when they hedde well imagyned 15 they advysed 16 not so to do, for they thought they shulde thereby put their subbarbes 17 in great parell to be brent; and so they opened agayne the cytie, and there entred in at the gates in some places 18 a hundred, two hundred, by twentie 19 and by thirtie.-Chronycle of Froissart. 5 4 1 Turn 'moved by these promises' ( pollicitatio), ‘the inhabitants of Kent' (Cantium) 'and the neighbouring districts;' vide Geographical Phrases. 2 ad, see Prepositions. 3 conjuratione facta. Spartacus. Fufius. 6 libertus Statius. 7 Use præesse. 8 Use summa imperii, and cf. Military Phrases. 9 Use tumultus or seditio. 10 Londinii cives. 11 præter. 12 Use novis rebus studere. præfectus. 15 14 hominum concursus. re deliberata. 16 Either turn, or use censere. 17 ædificia vicique extra urbem. 18 Say 'at one side 100,' at another 200. 19 Use distributive numeral, and say 13 urbi Julius Cæsar, having subdued1 most part of Gallia, |