2. D, E, and F, trading together gained 120L. D's stock was 140L. E's was 300L. and F's was 160L.; what was each man's share of the gain?

Ans. D's share was 28L. E's 60L. F's 32L.

3. Three merchants trading together, lost goods to the value of 1920 cols.; now suppose A's stock was 2880 dols. B's 11520 dols. and C's 4800 dols.; what share of the loss must each man sustain ?

4. A, B, and C, freighted a ship with 108 tuns of wine, of which A had 48 tuns, B 36, and C 24, but by reason of stormy weather were obliged to cast 45 tuns overhoard; how much must each man sustain of the loss?

Ans. A 20 tuns, B 15, and C 10.

5. If the money and effects of a bankrupt amount to 1400L. 14s. 6d. and he is indebted to M 742L. 12s. to B 641 lb. 19s. 8d. and to C 987L. 19s. 9d.; how must the property be divided among them?

M must have 438L. 8s. 44d.

583L. 5s. 93d.

6. Suppose a person is indebted to S 70L. to T 400L. and to V 140L. 12s. 6d. but upon his decease his property is found to be worth only 409L. 14s.; how must it be divided among his creditors?

7. Three graziers pay among them 120 dols. for a grass inclosure, into which they put 300 oxen, whereof L had 80, N 100, and C 120; how much should each person pay? Ans. L 32 dols. N 40 dols. and C 48 dols.

CASE 2.

When the respective stocks in company are considered with time.

RULE.

Multiply each man's stock by its time; then,

As the sum of the products,
Is to either particular product;
So is the whole gain or loss,

To the gain or loss of the stock from which that product is obtained.

EXAMPLES.

1. Three merchants traded together; A put in 120L.* for 9 months, B 100L. for 16 months, and C 100L. for 14 months, and they gained 1001.; what is each man's share?

1080 ::

100: 26 9 43+ A's share.

As 4080
As 4080

1600 :: 100: 39 4 33+ B's share

As 4080: 1400 :. 100 34 6 31+ C's share.

:

2. B, C, and D, traded together; B put in 50 dollars for 4 months, C 100 dollars for 6 months, and D 150 dollars for 8 months; they gained $126.80: what is each man's share of the gain?

Ans. B's share is $12.68, C's $38.4, D's $76.8 3. B and C trade in company; B put in 950L. for 5 months, and C 785L. for 6 months, and by trading they gain 275L. 18s. 4d.; what is each man's share of the gain? Ans. B's 138L. 10s. 10d. C's 137L. 7s. 6d. 4. Three merchants trade in company; A put in 400L. for 9 months, B 680L. for 5 months, and C 120L. for 12 months; but by misfortunes lost goods to the value of 500L.: what must each man sustain of the loss?

L. S. d.

85 6 12+

5. A, B, an C, made a stock for 12 months; A put in at first $873.60, and 4 months after he put in $96.00 more; В put in at first $979.20, and at the end of 7 months he took out $206.40; C put in at first $355.20,

and 3 months after he put in $206.40, and 5 months after that he put in $240.00 more. At the end of 12 months their gain is found to be $3446.40; what is each man's share of the gain? A's share is $1334.82}

Ans. B's

C's

$1271.61+

$839.96

EXCHANGE.

Exchange is the reduction of the money of one state or country to that of another.

Par is equality in value ;* but the course of exchange is frequently above, or below par.

Agio is a term used to signify the difference, in some countries, between bank and current money.

DOMESTIC EXCHANGE.

To change the currency of either State into that of any other, work by the Rule of Three; or by the theorems in the following page.

EXAMPLES.

1. What is the value of 750L. Massachusetts currency

*Note.-A Spanish dollar is valued at 4s. 6d. sterling, and at 7s. 6d. Pennsylvania currency: 4s. 6d. sterling is therefore equal to 7s. 6d. Pennsylvania currency, and 100L. of the former is equal to 1663L. of the latter. When Exchange between England and Pennsylvama is at this rate, it is said to be at par.

A TABLE,

Exhibiting the value of a Dollar in each of the United States; and practical Theorems
for exchanging the currency of either, into that of any other.

* The New England States are, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode

Island, and Connecticut.

Add one 4th.

Add

Subtract

one Cd.

twice.

Dollar
78. 6d.

Add

one 15th.

Subtract one 16th.

Dollar
Ss. Od.

X 3 1
&-5

Multiply by 7
and divide by 9

Add, that
and that

Multiply by 12

Dollar

either opposite to that state, or under it, in the table.

Note.-The value of a dollar in any state is found,

2. What is the value of 1500L. Massachusetts curreney, in New-York?

Ans. 2000L. 3. What is the value of 240L. Pennsylvania currency, in New-York?

Ans. 256L.

4. What is the value of 933L. 6s. 8d. South Carolina currency, in Pennsylvania? Ans. 1500L. 5. What sum in Pennsylvania currency is equal to 120L. 10s. in New-York? Ans. 112L. 19s. 4. 6. What sum in Pennsylvania currency is equal to 234L. 4s. in New-England or Virginia? Ans. 292L. 15s. 7. What is the value of 173L. 163. New-Jersey currency, in New-York? Ans. 185L. 7s. 83d. 8. What is the value of 900L. New-England or Virginia currency, in South Carolina ?

Ans. 700L. 9. Change 792L. 19s. 7d. of North Carolina into Pennsylvania currency. Facit 743L. 8s. 414.+

10. What sum of Maryland currency is equal to 6807L. 13s. 5d. of New-York? Ans. 5913L. 8s. 93d. + 11. What is the value of a bill of 750L. Pennsylvania currency, in New-York or North Carolina currency? Ans. 800L.

12. A merchant in Virginia consigns to his agent in New-York a quantity of tobacco; which, when sold, and the charges deducted, amounts to 625L, 6s. what is the va lue thereof in Virginia currency; also in Federal Money? (468L. 19s. 6d. Virginia currency Ans. 1563 dols. 25 cts.

{

FOREIGN EXCHANGE.

Accounts are kept in England, Ireland, and the English West India Islands, in pounds, shillings, pence, and farthings; though their intrinsic values in these places are different.