the words, both as spoken and written, and name the rules. in articulation that are illustrated by the exercises. Sentences that are printed in the usual style are intended for dictation exercises, in which silent letters will be omitted and the words so written as to represent their correct and exact pronunciation. 1. Thou lädst down and sleptst. 2. Thů bold, båd bâîz brók bolts ånd bårz. 8. Thů hosts stud stil, in silent wůndër fikst. 9. A thouzånd shrèks får hóplės mersi kál. 10. Thů fölishnes öv fölz iz fölli. 11. Both'z yoths with troths yuz òthz. 12. Arm it with răgz, à pigmi strâ wil pērs ĭt. 13. Nou set thů téth ånd strěch thů nostril wid. 14. He wŏcht ånd wept, he felt ånd pråd får ål. 15. Hiz iz, åmidst thů mists, mêzêrd ån åzer ski. 16. Thů fèbl, fritnd frèmån fèbli fåt får frèdům. 17. Whispers of revenge passed silently around among the troops. 18. No shet når shroud enshrind fhòz shrůngkn shredz åv shrivld klå. 19. He has prints of an ice-house, an ocean, and wasts and deserts. 20. Thủ whȧlz wheld ånd whẻrld, and bård fhår bråd, broun båks. 21. Jilz and Jasn Jōnz kăn not sã,—Arōrå, àlås, ămås, mănnå, villå, når Lūnå. 22. It will pain nobody, if the sad dangler regain neither rope. 23. The ragged madman, in his ramble, did madly ransack every pantry in the parish. 24. What thou wûdst hill that thou wûdst holili. 25. Hè åksåpts the offis, ekspekts tô lêrn thŭ fakts, and ǎttěmts bi hiz akts to kōnsel hiz fâlts. 26. Prithee, blithe youth, do not mouth your words when you wreathe your face with smiles. 27. That fellow shot a sparrow on a willow, in the narrow meadow, near the yellow house. 28. Thů strif sèseth, pès åpprocheth, ånd thů gůd mån réjáisěth. 29. Thů shrod shröz båd him sà thảt thủ vil viksnz yüzd shrůgz, ånd sharp shril shreks. 30. Shỏrli, thō wônded, thŭ prodẻnt rēkrôt wûd not ēt that krôd frot. 31. Stêrn, rugged nêrs! thi rijid lor with pàshens mêni å yer shẻ bor. 32. At that time, the lame man, who began nobly, having made a bad point, wept bitterly. 33. When loud surges lash the sounding shore, the hoarse, rough verse should like the torrent roar. 34. What whim led White Whitney to whittle, whistle, whisper, and whimper near the wharf, where a floundering whale might wheel and whirl? 35. Amidst fhů mists ånd koldest frosts, with bårest rists ånd stoutest bòsts, hè thrůsts hiz fists ågênst thů posts, ånd stil insists hè sèz thủ gòsts. 36. Thăngks to Thaddeus Thikthong, thu thâtles thisslsifter, hô thris thrust thre thouzănd thisslz thrỏ thu thik Ŏv hiz thům. 37. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless who taketh his name in vain. 38. Honor thy father and thy mother that thy days may be long in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee. 39. A stårm årizéth ôn thủ sẽ. A moděl věssel iz strug gling åmidst thů wâr öv êlêmênts, kwivering ånd shivering, shringking ånd båttling lik å thingking being. Thů mêrsiles, råking whërlwindz, lik fritfül fèndz, houl ånd mòn, ånd send sharp, shril shreks thro thů krėking kårdåj, snåpping thů shets ånd måsts. Thů stěrdi sàlârz stånd tô thår tåsks, and wether thủ severðst stårm iv thủ sẽzn. 40. Chàst-id, cherisht Chês! Thů chårmz ov thi chêkêrd chamberz chán mẻ chánjlěsli. Chamberlinz, chẳplinz, and chânsellárz håv chânted thi cherobik châisnes. Chèftinz hảy chànjd thủ chåriôt and thủ chảs far thủ chẻs-bord and thủ charming chārj ôv thủ chẻs-nits. Nó chỉling chěrl, nó chèting chaffërẻr, nó chặttëring chảnjling kản bè thì chozn champion. Thou årt thủ chảssner öv thủ chẻrlish, thủ chidér ov thủ chànjäbl, thủ chẻrishër bv thủ chèrfül &nd thủ chåritåbl. Får thẻ år thủ chåplets öv chanlês chåriti ånd thå chålis öv childlik chèrfülnés. Chànj kån not chanj thẻ: from childhûd to thů chårnel-hous, from our fêrst childish cherpingz tỏ thủ chilz ov thủ chẻrch-yård, thou årt our chèn, chanjlês chèftinės. XI. PHONETIC LAUGHTER. AUGHTER, by the aid of Phonetics, is easily taught, healthy of all class exercises. It may be either vocal or respiratory. 2. There are thirty-two well-defined varieties of laughter in the English language, eighteen of which are produced in connection with the tonics; nine, with the subtonics of 1, m, n, ng, r, th, v, and z; and five, with the atonics of f, h, s, th, and sh. 3. Commencing with vocal laughter, the instructor will first utter a tonic, and then, prefixing the oral element of h, and accompanied by the class, he will produce the syllable continuously, subject only to the interruptions that are incidental to inhalations and bursts of laughter; as, ā, hā, hā, hã, hã, hã, đc.,—ă, hã, hã, hã, hã, &c. 4. The attention of the students will be called to the most agreeable kinds of laughter, and they will be taught to pass naturally and easily from one variety to another. II. SYLLABICATION. I. DEFINITIONS. a SYLLABLE is a word, or part of a word, uttered by a single impulse of the voice. 2. A MONOSYLLABLE is a word of one syllable; as, home. 3. A DISSYLLABLE is a word of two syllables; as, home-less. 4. A TRISYLLABLE is a word of three syllables; as, confine-ment. 5. A POLYSYLLABLE is a word of four or more syllables; as, in-no-cen-cy, un-in-tel-li-gi-bil-i-ty. 6. THE ULTIMATE is the last syllable of a word; as ful, in peace-ful. 7. THE PENULT, or penultimate, is the last syllable but one of a word; as māk, in peace-mak-er. 8. THE ANTEPENULT, or antepenultimate, is the last syllable but two of a word; as ta, in spon-ta-ne-ous. 9. THE PREANTEPENULT, or preantepenultimate, is the last syllable but three of a word; as cab, in vo-cab-u-la-ry. II. FORMATION OF SYLLABLES. SINGLE impulse of the voice can produce but one radical or opening and vanishing or gradually diminishing movement. Since a syllable is produced by a single impulse of the voice, it follows that only such an oral element, or order of oral elements, as gives but one radical and vanish movement, can enter into its formation. As the tonics can not be uttered separately without producing this movement, but one of them can enter into a single syllable; and, as this movement is all that is essential, each of the tonics may, by itself, form a syllable. Consistently with this, we find, whenever two tonics adjoin, they always belong to separate syllables in pronunciation, as in a-e-ri-al, i-o-ta, o-a-sis. 2. Though oral elements can not be combined with a view to lengthen a syllable, by the addition of one tonic to another, as this would produce a new and separate impulse, yet a syllable may be lengthened by prefixing and affixing any number of tonics and atonics to a tonic, that do not destroy its singleness of impulse; as, a, an, and, land, gland, glands. 3. A tonic is usually regarded as indispensable in the formation of a syllable. A few syllables, however, are formed exclusively by subtonics. In the words bidde-n rive-n, rhyth-m, schis-m, fic-kle, i-dle, lit-tle, and words of like construction, the last syllable is either pure subtonic, or a combination of subtonic and atonic. These final syllables go through the radical and vanish movement, though they are far inferior in quality, euphony, and force, to the full display of these properties on the tonics. IN III. RULES IN SYLLABICATION. NITIAL CONSONANTS.-The elements of consonants that commence words should be uttered distinctly, but should not be much prolonged.' 2. FINAL CONSONANTS.-Elements that are represented by final consonants should be dwelt upon, and uttered with great distinctness; as, He accepts the office, and attempts by his acts to conceal his faults. 3. WHEN ONE WORD OF A SENTENCE ENDS and the next begins with the same consonant, or another that is hard to produce after it, a difficulty in utterance arises that should be obviated by dwelling on the final consonant, and then taking up the one at the beginning of the next word, in a 'Initial Elements Prolonged. On this point Dr. RUSH mentions the error of a distinguished actor, who, in order to give great force and distinctness to his articulation, dwelt the following lines: "Canst thou not m-inister to a m-ind diseased, Pluck from the m-emory a r-ooted sorrow ?" on the initial letters, as marked in Such mouthing defeats its object. |