ritory of Arizona, have pre-empted a tract of land containing one hundred and sixty acres, lying about two miles west of the southwest corner of the Pimas and Maricopas reservation, and enclosing what is known and designated as the Maricopa Wells."

John B. Allen was an old pioneer and a business man in Tucson. Like all pioneers he had many ups and downs during his life. He was a pioneer merchant of Tombstone, and after that settled in Florence and represented the Territory several times in the Legislature. He was a man of great energy and force of character; too generous for his own good; universally respected on account of his integrity and loyal worth. He passed to his reward about twenty years ago, regretted by a host of pioneers who had known him in those early days which tried the mettle of the hardy adventurer.

CHAPTER XVII.

THE COLORADO RIVER INDIAN RESERVATION. 'METHODS OF INDIAN AGENTS C. B. GENUNG'S ACCOUNT OF JOURNEY TO ARIZONA-PRESENTS GIFTS TO INDIANS-PLACED IN CHARGE OF RESERVATION-TAKES OUT DITCH AND ENCOURAGES INDIANS IN AGRICULTURAL PURSUITS RESIGNS GOES TO CALIFORNIA TO PURCHASE HORSES FOR INDIANS-PLACES YAVAPAIS ON SAN CARLOS RESERVATION— ABANDONMENT OF DITCH.

The following, contributed by C. B. Genung, shows the difficulties confronting the traveller from California to Arizona, and also gives an account of his experiences as a Deputy Indian Agent. The treachery shown by the Indian agents in general to their wards proves that had the government been careful in the selection of agents and paid them a decent salary, much of the difficulty surrounding the Indian question might have been obviated. At this late day we can, of course, impartially review the situation, and it is the general opinion of those who look over the past from an entirely unprejudiced standpoint, that General Crook was right when he said that the Indians always respected their treaties, and that the white man never did. The story of the treatment of the Indians upon the reservations in those early days will probably never be truthfully recorded. Men were sent out to take charge of these reservations as they were created, and paid a meager salary of fifteen hundred or two thousand dollars a year in green

backs, then worth from fifty to sixty cents on the dollar, and it goes without saying that men who would take such a position did so, not for the salary paid them, but for the little things that a gentleman might pick up in the way of contracts and general grafting.

As this history progresses there will be many incidents related going to show the wrongs practiced upon the Indians by the agents of the government.

Mr. Genung's story is as follows:

"While in San Francisco in the winter of 1866-67, Mr. R. W. Gird, with whom I had been acquainted in Arizona in 1863-64, called upon me at my mother's home, and told me that Mr. George W. Dent, who had just been appointed Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the Pacific Coast, wished to meet me and would like to have me call upon him at his hotel, the Cosmopolitan. The following day I called upon Mr. Dent, made myself known, and was introduced to his secretary, Mr. Charles Hutchings. Mr. Dent told' me that he was preparing to go to Arizona, and had been told by Mr. Gird that I was familiar with the road and was going to the Territory myself. I told him that I was only waiting to have a still finished and crated, and was in hopes to get off on the next steamer that sailed for Wilmington or San Pedro. It was arranged that we would go together, and that day I accompanied Mr. Dent to Kimball's carriage factory and we picked out a suitable wagon for desert travel. We also went to Main & Winchester's harness shop and bought harness for four horses; and we all got off on the next steamer, my

"Before leaving San Francisco Dent had shipped, via the Gulf of California and the Colorado River a large consignment of annuities for the Indians-the first they had ever receivedand soon after we reached La Paz the goods arrived.

"About the first man that I met when I got off the wagon at La Paz was an Indian that I had known at Peeples' Ranch, whom we called Tom. He was a brother of Jack, who rendered such good service when he accompanied King Woolsey at the time when Woolsey made the Pinole Treaty. I told Tom that Mr. Dent was bringing a lot of presents from the Great Father for all the friendly Indians, and that he had better send word to the nearby Yavapais to come and get their share.

"Here I will say, for the benefit of the newcomer, that what are now known as ApacheMohaves, or Apache-Yumas were, before the treaty of 1863 at Agua Caliente between the Mohaves, Yumas, Pimas, Maricopas and Yavapais, on the one side, and John Moss and Pauline Weaver in behalf of the Americans on the other side, known as Yavapai-Apaches. (More about the treaty later.)

"Tom accordingly sent out word to the Indians who lived within sixty or eighty miles, and quite a number of the men came to La Paz in time to share in the big eat and the distribution of the annuities. There were blankets, shoes, red flannel, calico, domestic articles, needles, thread, clothing, cotton handkerchiefs, butcher-knives, shirts, beef, beans, flour, sugar, coffee, and tobacco, to be distributed, and Dent asked me to stay and take charge of the whole

works, which I did. A few of the Yavapais arrived a few days before the day of distribution, and I had a beef killed and given out with other rations that none might want for food while waiting for the great event.

"Of the Mohaves there were eight captains: Iritaba, whom we called 'General,' as he was the head chief; Quat-ho-co-rowa, a son of Iritaba; Mockneal, Moqutta, Tomaspa, Athe-he-malya, and Jose Chappo, and one more whose name I do not recall.

"Of the Yavapais there were: Quashacamo, the head chief; Potamkay, the great medicine man; Ah-hotch-ah-cama, Ah-hot-cutchawalka, Meal-yac-a-tuma, and three more whose names I do not remember at present. There were none of the people from the Ah-ha-seyampa (Wickenburg), Walnut Grove, or Humbug Creek, and only Tom from Peeples' Valley. So I made up a bundle of red flannel, gaudy colored red handkerchiefs, etc., as presents to them, and sent them by Tom, as well as a pair of pants that would about fit Jack, and a red shirt and pocket handkerchief, not forgetting to put some needles and thread into the bundle that I sent by Tom to Peeples' Ranch or Valley.

"After the distribution, there having come to La Paz several trains, some of which had travelled on to overtake people who were waiting at or near Culling's Well for re-enforcement, the Bashfords and I started for Prescott. We made stations every night, and at Culling's Well I left the party and overtook Joseph R. Walker and Jake Lind, who had a mule pack-train and were camped about twelve miles from the well.