Lesson 471. Standard is the ordinary term; criterion is used in matters of judgment. Dearth denotes a high degree of scarcity. A reprieve from punishment; a respite from toil. We encoun ter a difficulty, surmount an obstacle, remove an impediment. Hastiness and precipitancy are characteristics of rashness. Conviction answers in our minds to positive certainty; persuasion, to probability. Benevolence is well-wishing; beneficence is well-doing. A conjuncture may be favorable; a crisis, alarming. Covetousness seeks after wealth; avarice, to retain it. Lesson 472. The great and good man may be abased and humbled, but never degraded or disgraced. Men and animals attack, or encounter; men only assail, or assault. I abhor his wickedness, and detest the perpetrator. We are prepossessed in favor of a thing; prejudiced against; biased for or against. We are commissioned by persons, authorized sometimes by circumstances, empowered by law. To imitate is to take a general likeness; to copy, to take an exact likeness. We are preserved from ruin, and protected from oppression. Lesson 473. Valor combines the fire of bravery with the determination and firmness of courage. Propensity and proneness refer only to that which is bad; tendency and inclination to that which is good or bad. Competition and emulation have honor for their basis; rivalry seeks only selfish gratification. Antagonists are opponents in actual engagement. Acquaintance, familiarity, and intimacy, mark different degrees of closeness in social intercourse. Civilization is the first stage of cultivation; refinement, the last. Attire is the apparel of the great. REVIEW OF PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES. [It is not intended that the subject of "word-analysis" shall be treated in this book exhaustively, but rather suggestively. It leaves the whole matter of foreign roots, only as they are identical with modern English words, for a more extended work on Etymology.] i. Lesson 474. [Spell and define each word.] The prefixes a, in, im, en, em (in verbs), in, into, on, or = to make; over, out, up, extra, super, ultra, hyper, over, above, out, or beyond; under, sub, hypo, beneath or under. Lesson 475. The prefixes con, co, with or together; fore, ante, pre, = before; with, contra, anti, against or from; circum, = around; trans, across or beyond; de, = inter, between; re, back or again; re,= = down or from ; Lesson 476. The prefixes un, dis,1 non, in, im, il, and ir (in nouns and adjectives) = not, apart, opposite to; bi, dis 2-two; mono= one; tri three; semi, demi, hemi-half; 'vice=instead of; miss wrong; mal=badly; pro=for; arch=chief. = The suffixes ion, tion, sion, cion, ance, ence, ment=act ́of or state of being; al, er, eer, aut, ent, ist, ive-one who or that which. E The suffixes ness, ty, ity, cy, ure, age, dom, ship, ance, ence being, state of, or state of being. Lesson 479. Verbs. The suffixes en, ate, fy, ify, ize=to make. Adjectives. The suffixes ous, ful, some, ive, y=full of; ic, ary, ar, al, ine, ile=pertaining to; en-made of. In adjectives able, ible=that may be, fit to be or causing; er=more; est=most; ish, like, ly-like or somewhat; less= without. In adverbs ly and wise manner. In verbs ed: did. In participles ing = continuing to. In nouns ism= doctrine of. con ceiv'a ble neigh'bor ly hea'then ish Môr'mon ism = lone'li er mer ri est re ver si ble Buddhism coun ter mand'ed grace less com'par a ble en no'bling |