9. How many pounds are 10 s. +18 s. + 12 s.? 10. How many hours are 50 m. + 20 m. + 10 m.? 11. How many feet are 4 in. + 10 in. + 11 in.? 12. How many minutes in 45 sec. + 15 sec. + 10 sec.! 18. How many pounds in 8 oz. + 12 oz. + 12 oz.? 14. How many bushels in 1 pk. + 3 pks. + 2 pks.?

15. Sold a Virgil, that cost me 12 s. 6 d., so as to gain 1 s. 6d. how much did I get for it?

Q. What is this, which you hace now been doing, called 4. Compound Addition.

Q. Why do you call it Compound? why not Simple Addition? A. Because there are more denominations than one.

Q. What do you mean by more denominations than one? A. Shillings, pence, &c. in one sum; pecks, quarts, pints, &c. in another sum.

Q. What, then, is the collecting numbers of different denomi nations into one sum called? A. Compound Addition.

Operation by Slate illustrated.

1. A man bought a cart for 6£ 12 s. 3 d., a load of hay for 3£ 9 s. 7 d., and a cow for 4£ 4 s. 1 d.; what did he pay for the whole?

OPERATION.

20 12

£ S. d.

6 12 3

3

9 77

4

4 1

Ans. £14 5 11

How do you write the numbers down? A. Pounds under pounds, shillings under shillings, &c.

swer?

How do you get the 11 d. in the an A. find, by adding up the column of pence, that it makes 11 d., which 1 write under the column of pence.

How do you get the 5 shillings? A. Adding up the column of shillings, I find it makes 25 s. = 1£5 s. (for 20 s. in 25, 1 time, and 5 over), writing the 5 s. under the column of shillings.

What is to be done with the 1£? A. I must, of course, add pounds to pounds, and, to do this, I join, or carry it to the next column, which is pounds.

How do you get the 14£? A. Adding up the column of pounds makes 13 pounds, and 1£ (to carry) makes 14£.

From these illustrations we derive the following

RULE.

I. How do you place the numbers to be added? A. Pounds under pounds, shillings under shillings, drams under drams,

&c.

II. At which hand do you begir 9 add? A. At the right. III. How do you add up the first column? A. As in Simple

Addition.

IV. What do you divide the amount by? A. By as many of this denomination as make one of the next higher, as in Re

duction.

V. What do you do with the remainder? A. Write it ur derneath.

VI. What do you carry to the next column? A. The quotient.

VI How long do you proceed in this way? A. Till I come to the last column.

VIII. How do you proceed with this? A. Add it up, and set the whole amount down, as in Simple Addition.

PROOF.-Q. What is the proof? A. The same as in Simple Addition.

More Exercises for the Slate.

2. Bought a cart for

much did both cost?

2£ 15 s., a plough for 18 s.; how A. 3 £ 13 s.

3. Bought a coat for 5£ 6 s., a watch for 1£ 19 s.; how much did they come to? . 7£ 5 s.

4. A man bought one load of hay for 6£ 3 s. and anothe for 7£ 15 s. 6 d.; how much did he give for both? A 13£ 18 s. 6 d.

5. Sold an ox for 10£ 15 s. 6 d., a cow for 6£ 19 s. 11 d., a horse for 12 6 s. 4 d.; how much money did I receive? A. 39£ 1 s. 9 d.

6. Bought of a grocer 3 gals. 2 qts. of rum, gals. 3 qts. of gin, and 4 gals. 1 qt. of molasses; how many gallons did I buy in all? A. 13 gals. 2 qts.

7. Sold 4 hhds. of molasses, the first of which contained 42 gals. 2 qts. 1 pt., the second 65 gals. O qt. 1 pt., the third 50 gals. qts., and the fourth 55 gais. 1 qt. 1 pt.; how much was sold in all? A. 213 gals. 3 qts. 1 pt.

8. A grocer sold 4 hhds. of sugar, weighing as follows; the first 7 cwt. 1 qr. 14 lbs., the second 5 cwt. 2 qrs. 10 lbs., the

third 9 cwt. I qr. 15 lbs., the fourth 7 cwt. 1 qr. 10 lbs.; what did the whole weigh? A. 29 cwt. 2 qrs. 21 lbs.

9. A merchant bought 4 pieces of cloth, the first containing 20 yds. 3 qrs. ne, the second 15 yds. 3 qrs. 1 na., the third 26 yds., and the fourth 10 yds. 1 qr. 3 na.; how did he buy in all? A. 73 yds. 0 qr. 1 na.

many yards

10. A man bought 3 bu. 3 pks. of wheat at one time, 6 bu. at another time, 7 bu. 2 pks. 7 qts. at a third, and 4 bu 1 pk. 6 qts. at a fourth; how many bushels did he buy in all ? A. 21 bu. 3 pks. 5 qts.

11. A man bought two loads of hay, one weighing 19 cwt. qr., and the other 18 cwt. 2 qrs.; how much did both weigh? A. 37 cwt. 3 qrs.

12. A man travelled in one day 27 miles, 3 fur., in another day 30 m. 2 fur. 25 rods; how far did he travel in all? A. 57 m 5 fur. 25 rods.

13. A merchant bought 3 bales of cotton; the first contained 4 cwt. 3 qrs. 18 lbs., the second 3 cwt. 1 qr. 5 lbs., and tha third 5 cwt. 0 qr. 24 lbs. ; what was the weight of the whole : A. 13 cwt. 1 qr. 19 lbs.

14. A man has 3 farms; the first containing 150 acres, roods, 25 rods; the second, 200 acres, 1 rood, 15 rods; and the third, 100 acres, 1 rocd, 10 rods: how many acres has he in all A. 451 acres, 1 rood, 10 rods.

15. William resided in Providence, his native place, till he was 15 yrs. 6 m. 4 days old; he then went to Boston, where he resided 7 yrs. 2 m. 2 da.; from Boston he emigrated to Salem, where he remained 4 yrs. 3 da.; from Salem he went to Portsmouth, and resided there two years precisely: now how much time did he spend in these places in all? A. 28 yrs. 8 m. 1 w. 2 d.

16. A man brings to market 3 loads of wood; the first containing 1 cord, 64 feet, 864 in.; the second, 2 cords, 63 ft. 64 in: and the third, 1 cord. 60 ft. 931 in.: how much did he bring in all? A. 5 cords, 60 ft. 131 inches.

17. A goldsmith bought 4 ingots of silver, the first of which weighed 8 lbs. 2 oz. 12 pwts., the second 5 lbs. 4 oz. 5 pwts., the third 6 lbs. 10 oz. 11 pwts., and the fourth 6 lbs. 11 oz. 15 pwts., what was the weight of the whole? A. 27 lbs. 5 oz. 3 pwts.

18. James is 10 yrs. 2 mo. 3 wks. 4 da. old, Thomas is 11 yrs. 11 mo. 5 da. old, Rufus is 9 yrs. 10 mo. old, Harry is 14 yrs. old; what is the sum of all their ages? A. 40 yrs. 2 da.

By multiplying the answers to the following sums by 2, the true answers may be obtained.

Note.-It will be well for the learner, not only in this, but in all rules, to prove his results, when practicable

19. Add together 17£ 13 s. 11 d. 1 qr., 13£ 10 s. 2 d. 2 qrs.

32. From 1 yr.

take 12h. A. 11 mo. 3 w. 6 da. 12 h 33. From 12£ 2 qrs. take 6 d. A. 11£ 19 s. 6 d. 2 qrs. 34. From 10 cwt. 10 oz. take 5 drs. A. 10 cwt. 9 oz. 11 drs. 35. From 1 E. E. 2 qrs. take 3 na. 1 E. E. qr. 1 na. 36. From 8 gals. 3gills take 1 pt. 7 gals. 3 qts. 1 pt. 3 g.. 7. From 12 in. 15 rods take 3 fur. A. 11 m. 5 fur. 15 rods. 8. From 1 mo. 2 h. take 45 m A. 1 mo. 1 h. 15 m.

A.

A.

COMPOUND MULTIPLICATION.

XXXII. 1. If one knife cost 9 d., how many shillings buy 2 knives? Will buy 4? Will buy 6? Will buy 8? ill buy 12?

2. William, having a basket that would hold 1 qt. 1 pt., filled it with nuts; how many qts. can be put in a basket that will hold twice as much? 3 times as much? 4 times as much?

3. At 1 s. 6 d. a bushel, how many shillings will 2 bushels of apples cost? Will 4 bu.? Will 6 bu.? Will 8 bu.? 4. Multiply 2s. 6d. by 2.

5. Multiply 2 pwts. 12 grs. by 2.
6. Multiply 2 bu. 4 qts. by 3.
7. Multiply 3 gals. 2 qts. by 2.
8. Multiply 20 m. 20 sec. by 3.

9. How many pence in 2 times 2 farthings? 4x2 farthings, or 2 qrs.? 4 X 3 qrs.? How many shillings in 2 times 6 d.? 2x 12d.? 4 x 6 d.? 5 x 12 d.? 8 x 3 d.? 4×7 d.? 3x5d 8 x 12 d.?

10. How many pounds in 4 times 10 s.? 3 x 10 s.? 4 X 6s.

Operation by Slate illustrated.

A merchant bought 5 yards of cloth for 2£ 6 s. 1 d. 3 qrs yard; what did the whole cost?

OPERATION.

How do you get the 3 qrs. in the

answer?

A. 5 times 3

qrs. are 15 3 qrs., writing down the

carrying 3 d. as in Compound Addi tion.

=1£

How do you get the 8d? A. 5 times 1 d. are 5 d., and 3 d. (to car.

ry) makes 8 d.

How do you get the 10s.? A. 5 times 6 s. are 30 s. =

10 s., writing down the 10 s. and carrying the 1£

How do you get the11£? A, 5 times 2£ are 10£, and 1£ 'to carry) makes 11£.

From these illustrations we derive the following

RULE.

I. With chich denomination do you begin to multiply? A With the lowest.

11. How do you multiply that, and each denomination? A Separately, as in Simple Multiplication.

III. How do you divide each product and carry? A. As in Compound Addition.

PROOF. What is the proof? A. As in Simple Multiplication

More Exercises for the Slate.

2. At 5s. 6 d. a gallon, what will 2 gals. of rum cost? A 118.

3. At 2s. 6d. 1 qr. a quart, what will 2 qts. of brandy cost? (5-0-2) What vill 3 qts.? (7-6-3) What will 4 qts.? (10-1) What will 5 qts. 2 (12-7-1) What will 6 qts. (15-1-2). A. 2£. 10 s. 5 d

4. How much wine in 7 bottles, each containing 2 qts. 1 pt. 2 gills? (4-3-0-2) How much in 8 bottles? (5-2) In 9? (6-0-1-2) In 10? (6-3-1) In 11? (7-2-0-2). A. 30 gals, 3 qts. 1 pt. 2 gills.

5. What is the weight of 3 doz. silver spoons, each doz. weigh mg 2 lbs. 6 oz. 12 pwts. 3 grs.? (7-7-16-9) What will 4 doz. weigh? (10-2-8-12) What will 5 doz.? (12-9-0-15) What will 6 doz.? 15-3-12-18). A. 45 lbs. 10 oz. 18 pwts. 6 grs.

6. Bought 4 loads of hay, each load weighing 1 T. 10 cwt. 2 grs. 20 lbs. 5 oz. 15 drs.; what was the weight of the whole? (6-2-2-25-7-12) What would be the weight of 5 loads? (7-13-1-17-13-11) Of 11 loads? (16-17-2-0-1-5) Of 12 loads? (188-0-20-7-4). 4. 49 T. 1 cwt. 3 qrs. 7 lbs. 14 oz.

7. At the rate of 36 lea. 2 m. 3 fur. a day, how far wili a vessel sail in 6 days? (220-2-2) In 15 days: (551-2-5) In 10 days? (367-2-6) In 9 days? (331-0-3.) 4. 1471 lea. 2 m.

8. In 8 bales of cloth, each bale containing 12 pieces, each Dioce 27 yds. 1 qr. 2na., how many yards? A. 2628 yds.

COMPOUND DIVISION.

↑ XXXIII, 1. William had 2 qts. 1 pt. of walnuts, which ne wished to divide equally among his two little brothers now many must he give each?