find in these examples, the termination of foreign war, and civil discord; you cannot search it elsewhere. The preservation and tranquillity of your city will be the object of the cares and measures which the allies are ready to take, in conjunction with the authorities, and Notables, who possess the largest share of public estimation. No troops shall be quartered upon you.

"In these sentiments, Europe in arms, before your walls, addresses you. Hasten to reply to the confidence which she places in your love for the country, and in your discretion.

"The Commander in Chief of the

Allied Armies,

"MARSHAL PRINCE OF SCHWARTZENBERG."

66

On March 29, the allied army advanced upon Paris. The Empress Maria Louisa, and the King of Rome, having left that city the preceding day, by order of Bonaparte, Joseph Bonaparte, to tranquilise the minds of the Parisians, published a proclamation, in which he made use of those expressions," I shall not quit you:" two days after he fled from Paris, and sent one of his aid-de-camps to Paris, with this message, Defend yourselves." Joseph put himself at the head of about eight thousand regular troops, and thirty thousand national guards, under General Hulin; with that force he took up a position, with his right on the height of Belleville, occupying that town; his centre on the canal of L'Oruque, and his left towards Neuilty. The Prince Royal of Wirtemberg marched upon Vincennes ; General Reiffsky upon Belleville; the guards and reserve upon the Chaussee, leading from Bondy to Paris; and Marshal Blucher marched upon Montmartre. General Reiffsky possessed himself of the heights of Belleville, and the village of Pantin was carried at the point of the bayonet; the heights of Belleville were carried in the same gallant manner, by the Prussian guards; they captured forty-three pieces of cannon, and took a great number of prisoners. Marshal Blucher now commenced his attack upon Montmartre. The regiment of Prussian black hussars made a most brilliant charge upon a column of the enemy, and took twenty pieces of cannon. At this moment Marshal Marmont sent a flag of truce, ntimating a desire to receive any proposition that it

might have been intended to make by a former one, which had been refused admittance. An armistice was also proposed for two hours, in which case he consented to abandon every position he occupied without the barriers of Paris. Prince Schwartzenberg agreed to these terms. Count Nesselrode, and Count Par, were sent to demand the surrender of Paris.

The French army under Joseph Bonaparte, aided by Marshals Marmont and Mortier, occupied on the right the heights of Fontenoy, Romainville, and Belleville; their left was on Montmartre, and they had several redoubts in the centre; and on the whole line an immense artillery, of above one hundred and fifty pieces. In order to attack this position, the Silesian army was directed on Montmartre, St. Dennis, the village of La Velletto, and Pattin, while the grand army attacked the enemy's right. General Keiffski attacked the heights of Romainville, and Belleville. Prince Eugene of Wirtemberg's division, commenced the attack; his Serene Highness, after sustaining some loss, carried the heights of Romainville, the enemy retiring to those of Belleville; while the Prince Royal of Wirtemberg directed his attack to the heights of Rosny and Charenton. Generals D'Yorck and Kleist, attacked at Abeville and Pantin; Prince William of Prussia there greatly distinguished himself, the Brandenburgh and black hussars did wonderful execution amongst the enemy, they being defeated on every side; when a flag of truce arrived, requesting a cessation of hostilities upon giving up all the ground without the barrier of Paris: the heights of Montmartre were immediately to be surrendered. The city was now exposed to all the horrors of desolation and destruction. Now was the time when retributive justice might have been administered to its full extent, and not one stone of the proud city of Paris left upon another. One of the allied Sovereigns had a just right to call npon his royal coadjutors to inflict this summary vengeance. But Ålexander, whose dominions had been so basely invaded by the armies of the tyrant, harbored no revenge; the milk of human kindness flowing in his bosom; he wept for the calamities which Napoleon had entailed upon degraded and enslaved France; animated with the sentiment, that to "Err is human, to forgive divine." He obtained the assent of his august allies,

that Paris should not be sacked, or destroyed. Colonel Orloff, and Count Par, were sent to arrange the cessation of hostilities. The loss of the allies in the above engagement was something considerable. Numerous pieces of artillery, and prisoners, were taken from the

enemy.

On the next morning, the Emperor Alexander, with the King of Prussia, marched into Paris, where they were received by all ranks of the population, with the warmest acclamations; the windows of the best houses were filled with well dressed persons, waving white handkerchiefs, and clapping their hands. The populace, intermixed with many of a superior class, were in the streets pressing forward to see the Emperor, and to endeavor to touch his horse. The general cry was, "Vive l'Empereur Alexandre !” "Vive Notre liberature!" "Vive le Roi de Prusse !" The Emperor of Russia took up his abode in the house of Talleyrand, Prince of Benevento; the King of Prussia, in that of M. de Beauharnois; and Prince Schwartzenberg, at General Sebastiani's.

The Emperor Alexander issued the following Declaration on March 31 :

"The armies of the allied powers have occupied the capital of France: the allied Sovereigns receive favorably the wish of the French nation.

"They declare, that if the conditions of peace ought to contain stronger guarantees, when the question was to bind down the ambition of Bonaparte; they may be more favorable, when by a return to a wise government, France herself offers the assurance of this repose.

"The Sovereigns proclaim in consequence, that they will no more treat with Napoleon Bonaparte, nor with any of his family. ́

That they respect the integrity of ancient France, as it existed under its legitimate Kings: they may even do more, because they profess it as a principle, that for the happiness of Europe, France must be great and strong.

"That they will recognise and guarantee the constitution which France shall adopt. They, therefore, invite the senate to name immediately a provisional government, which may provide for the wants of the adminis

tration, and prepare the constitution which shall suit the French people.

"The intentions which I have just expressed are common to all the allied powers.

On April 1, 1814, the members of the senate met, the Prince of Benevento, Prince Vice Grand Elector, president; when Talleyrand addressed the senate as follows:

"SENATORS,

"The letter which I have had the honor of addressing to each of you, to inform you of this extraordinary convocation, acquaints you with the object of it. It is intended to lay proposals before you. This one word points out the liberty which each of you brings into the assembly. It gives you the means to give a generous flow to the sentiments with which the soul of each of you is filled. The desire of saving your country, and the resolution of hastening to the assistance of a forsaken people.

"Senators, circumstances, however difficult they may be, cannot be above the firm and enlightened patriotism of all the members of this assembly. You have, doubtless, all equally felt the necessity of a deliberation which may shut the door against all delay, and which may not let a day pass without re-establishing the action of the administration, the first of all wants, for the formation of a government, whose authority founded on the necessities of the moment, cannot but re-assure people's minds."

The Prince of Benevento having ended his speech, several proposals were made by different members, and the senate decreed:

"1. That there shall be established a provisional government, charged to provide for the wants of the administration, and to present to the senate, the plan of a constitution which may suit the French people.

"2. That the government shall consist of five mem bers, namely, M. Talleyrand, Prince of Benevento; Count De Bournonville, Count De Jaucourt, Duke of Dalberg, and M. De Montesquieu."

It was then decreed by the senate,

"1. That the senate and legislative body are declared integral parts of the intended constitution; subject to the modifications which shall be judged necessary to insure the liberty of the suffrages and opinions.

"2. That the army, as well as the retired officers and soldiers, shall retain the ranks, honors, and pensions which they enjoy.

"3. That the public debts shall be inviolable.

"4. That the sale of the national domains, shall be irrevocably maintained.

"5. That no Frenchman shall be made answerable for the public opinions which he may have expressed.

"6. That the liberty of worship, and of conscience, shall be maintained, and proclaimed, as well as the liberty of the press; subject to the legal repression of the crimes which may arise from the abuse of that liberty."

On April 2, M. Barthelemy addressed, as president of the senate, the following letter to the provincial govern

ment:

"Gentlemen, Members of the

Provisional Government,

"The senate commissions me to request you to signify to the French people to-morrow, that the senate, by a decree passed in its sittings this evening, has declared, that the Emperor Napoleon, and his family, have forfeited all right to the throne; and, consequently, absolved the French people from their oath of allegiance. This act will be sent to you to-morrow, with motives and reasons of it.

"The President of the Senate,

"BARTHELEMY."

The Emperor Alexander having honored the senate with his presence, thus addressed the legislative body: "A man, who called himself my ally, entered my states as an unjust aggressor: it is against him that I have made war, not against France. I am the friend of the French people; what you have just done redoubles this sentiment; it is just, it is wise to give to France strong and liberal institutions, which may be conform