HAND-BOOK OF ARITHMETIC CONTAINING THE PRINCIPLES OF ARITHMETIC, INDUCTIVELY PRESENTED, AND COMPLETE EDITION. BY W. H. SADLER, PRESIDENT Of the BRYANT, STRATTON & SADLER BUSINESS COLLEGE, BALTIMORE; SADLER'S COUNTING-HOUSE ARITHMETIC,” AND W. R. WILL, PRINCIPAL OF THE MATHEMATICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE BRYANT, STRATTON & SADLER BALTIMORE, MD. W. H. SADLER, Publisher, Nos. 6 and 8 N. Charles St. 1885. MARYARD COLLEGE LIBRARY GIFT OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1885, by WARREN H. SADLER, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. PRESS AND BINDERY OF PREFACE. A BOOK OF EXAMPLES for supplementary instruction in arithmetic has become a recognized necessity in every modern school-room; the "complete arithmetics" in general use, however excellent in other respects, being too deficient in number and variety of problems to afford adequate practice to the learner. Considered simply as a BOOK OF EXAMPLES, the present volume can be successfully employed in connection with any favorite complete arithmetic which it may be otherwise desirable to retain. If, however, it be objectionable to use two books upon the same subject, and fullness both of theory and practice cannot be secured in one volume of convenient dimensions, it becomes a question of relative importance-whether a text-book containing sufficient practice and little theory is to be preferred to one containing more theory and insufficient practice; and if either be abridged, which deficiency can the fully equipped teacher more conveniently and advantageously supply by oral instruction. Whatever diversity of opinion may exist with reference to the adaptability of the methods of the "NEW EDUCATION" to other studies, it has been frequently demonstrated by comparative test that, to teach arithmetic successfully, all the skillful teacher requires is a sufficiency of live, practical, thought-compelling problems, fairly representative of the several topics to be taught. By solving these problems the pupil will learn to solve, with but little assistance from the teacher or text-book if that assistance be inductive as in the present volume, showing the pupil how he can best help himself. When a solution is completed, the pupil will be able, under competent supervision, to derive all necessary theory from his practice, to infer an apposite definition of terms employed, to discover the relation of those terms, and from that relation to originate appropriate rules and formulae, thus developing and cultivating the habit of original investigation, and promoting ability to think and act independently of extraneous aid, the acknowledged aim and end of all true education. |