If a yard of linen cost 5s. 9d. what cost 35 yards? Multiply by 7, and the product thence arising by 5; the last product will be the answer. £0 5 9 Begin with the Pence.-7 times 9 are 63763 pence are 5s. 3d.-set down 3 and carry 5 to the shillings. 2 0 5 £ 10 1 1 3 Shillings. Seven times 5 are 35, and 5 I carried are 40-40s. make 2 pounds; set down 0 in the place of shillings, and 2 in the pounds. This operation gives a product of £2 0 3, which is 7 times greater than the given sum, and it must be multiplied by 5; then it will be 5 times 7 times greater, or 35 times greater. Pence. Five times 3 are 15-15 pence make 1s. 3d.-set down 3 and carry 1 to the shillings. Shillings. Five times 0 is 0, but one I carried makes 1 ; set down 1 -then say, 5 times 2 are 10, and set down 10 in the pounds. Answer in words, Ten pounds one shilling and three pence. LESSON 18. When apples are sold at 1d. 1q. what will 700 cost? Multiplying by 10 and that product by 10 will make the price of 100; then the price of 100 multiplied by 7, will give the answer. £0 0 1 1 10 1 0 2 10 10 5 0 57 KEY TO CARD No. 19. Farthings. Ten times 1 is 10-10 farthings make 2 pence 2 farthings; set down 2 and carry 2 to the pence. Pence. Ten times 1 is 10, and 2 I carried make 12-12 pence make 1 shilling; set down 0 in the place of pence, and 1 in the place of shillings. Thus, 1s. Od. 2q. is the product of 1d. 1q. multiplied by 10: now multiply this sum by 10the product will be the price of 100. £3 12 11 Farthings. Ten times 2 are 20-20 farthings make 5 pence; set down 0 in the place of farthings, and carry 5 to the pence. Pence. Ten times 0 is 0, but 5 I carried make 5; set down 5. Shillings. Ten times 1 is 10; set down 10. Now we have a product of 10s. 5d. the price of 100Multiply this by 7. Pence. Seven times 5 are 35-35 pence make 2s. 11d.; set down 11, and carry 2 to the shillings. Shillings. Seven times 10 are 70, and 2 I carried are 72-72s. make 3 pounds 12 shillings; set 12 in the place of shillings, and 3 in the pounds. By this calculation we find, that 700 apples, at ld. 1q. each, amount to £3 12 11. Answer in words, Three pounds twelve shillings and eleven pence. LESSON 19. If 1 pair of gloves cost £ 0 3 7, what will 57 pair cost? £0 3 7 KEY TO CARD No. 19. Multiply by 7 and by 8, then add to the 7 last product, 3s. 7d. the price of one pair. Pence. 1 5 1 8 7 10 O 8 3 £10 4 3 Seven times 7 are 49-49 pence make 4s. 1d.; set down 1 and carry 4 to the shillings. Shillings. Seven times 3 are 21, and 4 I carried make 25-25s. are 1 pound 5 shillings; set down 5 in the place of shillings, and 1 in the pounds. Thus we see that 7 pair amount to £1 5 1, and as 8 times 7 are 56, so 8 times this sum will give the price of 56 pair. SECOND MULTIPLICATION. Eight times 1 is 8; set 8 in the pence. Eight times 5 are 40-40s. make 2 pounds; set 0 in the place of shillings, and carry 2. Eight times 1 is 8, and 2 I carry make 10; set 10 in the pounds. This operation produces a product of £ 10 0 8, the price of 56 pair-add the price of one pair, viz: 3s. 7d. you will have the price of 57 pair. Answer in words, Ten pounds four shillings and three pence. LESSON 20. When stockings are sold at £0 7 9 a pair, what will 68 pair come to? £0 7 9 6 Multiply by 6 and by 11, this will give the price of 66 pair. 266 11 25 11 6 Price of 66 pair. KEY TO CARD No. 19. Now multiply 7s. 9d. the price of one pair, by 2; the product will be the price of 2 pair-add this price to that of 66 pair, you will have the answer. Price of one pair, £0 7 9 Multiplier, 2 Six times 9 are 54-54 pence make 4s. 6d.; set down 6 and carry 4 to the shillings. Shillings. Six times 7 are 42, and 4 I carried are 46-46 shillings are 2 pounds 6 shillings; set down 6 in the shillings and 2 in the pounds. Here we find a product of £ 2 6 6 the price of 6 pair; Multiply this sum by 11-the product will be the price of 11 times 6 pair, that is, 66 pair. Pence. Eleven times 6 are 66-66 pence are 5s. 6d.; set down 6, and carry 5 to the shillings. Shillings. Eleven times 6 are 66, and 5 I carried make 71-71 shillings are 3 pounds 11 shillings; set down 11 and carry 3 to the pounds. Pounds. Eleven times 2 are 22, and 3 I carried are 25. Thus we have a product of £ 25 11 6, for the price of 66 pair-Add the price of 2 pair, you will have the Answer. One Pair, 7s. 9d. 2 KEY TO CARD No. 19. Pence. the Twice 9 are 18-18 pence make 1s. 6d.; set down 6 in pence, and carry 1. Shillings. Twice 7 are 14, and one I carried makes 15. and there the price of 66 pair was, Added, Make, £0 15 6 25 11 6 £26 7 0 Answer in words, Twenty-six pounds, seven shillings. LESSON 21. What sum must be paid for 1155 pounds of beef, at 4d. 2q. a pound? 1. Multiply by 10 and by 10 to find the price of 100 pounds. 2. Multiply that product by 11, which operation will give the price of 1100 pounds. 3. Multiply 4d. 2q. by 11 and by 5 to find the price of 55 pounds. 4. Add the price of 55 pounds to the price of 1100, and you will have the answer. |