instant beheld reason unseated from her throne."

Ah!

it is in the Church of God alone that we can find such characters as this; it is amongst her great ones only that we can find such power associated with such goodness; it is the grace of her divine mission alone that can sustain such ardor, consecrate such ambition.

We have said that the character of Bishop Hughes was symmetrical: his work was the same. His plans were broadly proportioned to the increasing needs of the Church. He fused the Church in the State into a compact organization, and left to his successors the comparatively easy work of an established routine. Churches, schools, academies, colleges, seminaries, hospitals and asylums sprang up all over the State, and continue to prosper. A faint idea of the immensity of his labors may be gathered from the fact that over one hundred churches were built under his personal guidance and responsibility. He was a man of work, of action. His writings, his speeches, sermons and addresses were eminently practical, and were the outcome of his intense desire to break down those barriers of prejudice. which separated a fair minded people from the true Church, and to present that Church to them as the only regenerator of society, the only safeguard of government. In this respect he was like unto Dr. England. Indeed the mantle of the illustrious England seemed to have descended upon the shoulders of Hughes. No other prelates resembled each other so much in their aims and methods; none others stand so high in the veneration of the people.

COMPOSITION.

Write the passage: "With the eye of an experienced commander ..suggested," in four different ways.

paralysis

maligners

obliterate

palli

MOST REV. FRANCIS PATRICK KENRICK, D. D.

LIKE

IKE Bishop England, Archbishop Kenrick was a native of Ireland, and first saw the light in the unhappy period preceding the uprising of '98; but his early life, in its quiet and undisturbed preparation, offers a striking contrast to that of the illustrious apostle of the Carolinas.

Francis Patrick Kenrick was born in Dublin in 1796. He was reared in the bosom of a most pious Catholic family, and enjoyed the advantages of the best schools of that city. From his tender youth he was devoted to practical piety, and at an early age resolved to dedicate himself to the sacred ministry. At the age of eighteen his collegiate course was finished, and with a well disciplined and well stored mind, he was prepared to commence his ecclesiastical studies. To his great joy he was chosen to be one of the privileged few to study at the renowned College of the Propaganda in Rome. Here he spent seven years, which were years of close study, untiring preparation, and thorough self-culture upon the model of the saints. His great proficiency in sacred and profane learning was only surpassed by his modesty. The sacred Scriptures themselves were his chief study. It was remarked of him that he never read any treatises on the subjects of his studies but the class books. The advantages of this course were apparent in his case, in contrast with that of so many students who undertake toc much and too varied reading, and thus fail to realize the benefits of a thorough training. By this solid study he acquired such a reputation at the Propaganda, that when, in 1821, Bishop Flaget of Kentucky applied for a professor of theology for his seminary at Bardstown, young Father Kenrick,

then just ordained, was immediately selected by his superiors as the one best fitted for that responsible position. The result justified their confidence. During the nine years in which he occupied the chair of theology at Bardstown, Dr. Kenrick won the admiration of all by his profound acquaintance with sacred science, the writings of the Fathers, the canons and decrees of the Church, and sacred history. As a professor he was remarkable for the clear and lucid manner in which he developed the different points of sacred science to his pupils. To his collegiate duties were added missionary labors, and the pastoral charge of the local congregation. Whenever he preached he electrified all by his eloquent and learned discourse. Even at this early period of his career his interior and exterior life was most exemplary and holy. His countenance indicated a soul at peace with God and man; his exterior deportment was full of charity, affability, gentleness, humility and benignity.

But the seclusion of Dr. Kenrick's collegiate life, though most acceptable to one of such studious and retiring habits, was soon to give place to more onerous and trying duties. For many years a schism in the Philadelphia Church had been a source of scandal. The rebellious pastors and trustees of St. Mary's Cathedral refused to submit to the authority of the aged Bishop Conwell, and the Provincial Council of 1829 determined to apply for the appointment of a coadjutor who would be able to cope with the refractory parishioners. The choice of the Council fell upon Dr. Kenrick, and was ratified by the Holy See. To recite the progress of this disaffection, and the many attempts made to heal it, would be out of place in this sketch. It suffices to say that by the wonderful prudence, courage, and administrative ability of Bishop Kenrick, the discussions were soon brought to

an end, the trustees acknowledged the right of the bishop to appoint their pastors, and the nefarious trustee tenure of Church property received a fatal blow.

Immediately after his arrival in Philadelphia the bishop commenced, in the upper room of his residence, a little ecclesiastical seminary. This was destined in time to expand into the magnificent and flourishing institution of St. Charles Borromeo. Under his vigorous and liberal adminstration the diocese soon began to teem with educational and charitable establishments. The Augustinians founded Villanova College; the Jesuits St. Joseph's College, Philadelphia. The Ladies of the Sacred Heart, the Sisters of St. Joseph, the Visitation Nuns, the Sisters of Notre Dame and the Sisters of the Good Shepherd were introduced; while the Sisters of Charity increased from one to six communities. During his episcopate the number of his clergy grew from thirty to one hundred priests, and forty-six seminaries; the number of churches from ten to ninety-four. Fourteen years thus passed by, full of consolation to the zealous bishop, teeming with the fruits of religious growth, when suddenly he was called upon to endure one of the greatest afflictions that can befall a loving pastor. He was to behold the work of his hands consumed by the flames of religious bigotry. During the infamous Know Nothing riots of 1844, two Catholic churches were burnt, one was thrice desecrated, and a Catholic seminary, two rectories with a most valuable library, and forty dwellings were destroyed by the incendiary, and forty lives were sacrificed to the passion of fanaticism. During this terrible trial Bishop Kenrick's voice was heard only in counsels of peace and patience and moderation. As a solemn protest against the spirit of sacrilege, and to remove temptations to the violence of the mobs, he

suspended divine services in the churches that remained. The torrent of bigotry soon spent itself; peace was restored on a more solid basis than ever before, and Catholicity assumed a higher position.

In 1851, at the death of Archbishop Eccleston of Baltimore, Bishop Kenrick was promoted to that See. The first great act of the new archbishop was to summon the prelates of the United States to a National Council, the first ever held in this country. The astonishing growth of the Church in a little over half a century was evidenced by this august assembly, in which five archbishops, twenty-six bishops and a large number of theologians participated. A large increase of episcopal Sees was among the results of their deliberation. In 1854 the archbishop went to Rome, and was one of the advocates of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception declared by the Council of that year. During his administration of the archdiocese, its already numerous churches and religious institutions were well sustained, enlarged and developed. He also devoted himself more thoroughly to the compilation of his many doctrinal and controversial works.

It has been said of him that his life was that of the saint and the scholar. While he spent much time in reading and study, these were but the necessary preparations for a series of works that have enriched the Catholic literature of the world, and made his name illustrious. His seven volumes of Dogmatic and Moral Theology were produced in the midst of the most active occupations. His work on the Primacy is a noble tribute of his devotion to the See of Peter. His edition of the sacred Scriptures is a work of invaluable service to religion, and one which places his name among the foremost of divines and scholars.

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