The Combustion of Coals and the Prevention of Smoke Chemically and Practically Considered ...: Part the FirstT. Bean, 1840 - 152 σελίδες |
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The Combustion of Coals and the Prevention of Smoke Chemically and ... Charles Wye Williams Δεν υπάρχει διαθέσιμη προεπισκόπηση - 2016 |
The Combustion of Coals and the Prevention of Smoke Chemically and ... Charles Wye Williams Δεν υπάρχει διαθέσιμη προεπισκόπηση - 2013 |
Συχνά εμφανιζόμενοι όροι και φράσεις
Argand lamp arrangement ashpit atmospheric air atoms of oxygen bars Berzelius bi-carburetted hydrogen bituminous bituminous coal blow-pipe boiler brought Bude light bulk burning bustion candle carbon vapour carbonaceous carbonic acid carburetted hydrogen cause chemical action chemical union chemistry chemists circumstances coal gas coke combining combus constituents consumed cubic feet cubic foot diagram diffusion effect electricity elementary atoms equivalent of oxygen fact fire flame flamme flues furnace gaseous bodies gases ignited illustration incorporation increased inflamed inflammable inquiry introduced mass means mixed mixture mode nature nitrogen observes obtained olefiant gas operation orifices oxide pass perfect combustion portion practice preparatory principle process of combustion produced proportions quantity of air quantity of heat quantity of oxygen respective result Robert Kane Royal Dublin Society saturating equivalent smoke solid specific gravities steam stratum supply of air surface temperature tion Tredgold uncombined volatile volume of oxygen Watt weight
Δημοφιλή αποσπάσματα
Σελίδα 13 - When smoke is once produced in a furnace or flue, it is as impossible to burn it or convert it to heating purposes, as it would be to convert the smoke issuing from the flame of a candle to the purposes of heat or light.
Σελίδα 37 - I shall show, in all the essentials to perfect combustion. It is this which has done so much for the perfection of the lamp, and may be made equally available for the furnace.
Σελίδα 130 - Lastly, be it remembered, that my said new invention consists only in the method of consuming the smoke, and increasing the heat, by causing the smoke and flame of the fresh fuel to pass through very hot funnels or pipes, or among, through, or near, fuel which is intensely hot, and which has ceased to smoke ; and by mixing it with fresh air when in these circumstances...
Σελίδα 148 - ... objected to by some chemists, on the ground, that by no process hitherto pursued in analyses, has it been possible to resolve it entirely into these two substances: even at a low temperature, a quantity of gaseous matter is thrown off, and at an elevated degree of heat, an evident decomposition of the bitumen takes place. Even anthracite contains a small portion of volatile matter, its component parts being carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen ; the hydrogen being either combined with the oxygen,...
Σελίδα 149 - The application of coal as fuel depends on the chemical change which it undergoes in uniting by the agency of heat with some body for which it possesses a powerful affinity. In all ordinary cases this effect is produced by its union with oxygen. When coal is entirely consumed, the carbon is wholly converted into carbonic acid gas and carbonic oxide, and the hydrogen into water in a state of vapour. The atmosphere supplies the necessary oxygen for this purpose ; and in this state the products of the...
Σελίδα 93 - Before leaving the description of those operations which relate directly to the transference and removal of gases, it will be proper to observe that, although in making mixtures of gases they will become uniform without agitation if sufficient time be allowed, the period required will be very long, extending even to hours, in narrow vessels. If hydrogen be thrown up into a wide jar half full of oxygen, so as to fill it, and no further agitation be given, the mixture, after a lapse of several minutes,...
Σελίδα 147 - If it be found that the burning of a pound of wood heats 37 pounds of water from 32° to 212°, no idea can be thereby formed of the quantity of heat evolved ; but if, in another trial, it be found that the burning of a pound of charcoal raises the temperature of 74 pounds of water through the same range, it follows that the charcoal had double the calorific power of the wood.
Σελίδα 148 - Kilkenny anthracite, and the least quantity (64-72) in cannel coal ; and that the nature of the volatile matter greatly affects the quantity of coke — the aggregate quantity of the gaseous products of coking, splint, and cherry coal being very nearly similar ; while the quantity of coke obtained from these different species varies more than 45 per cent.
Σελίδα 145 - Secondly, the application of distinct pipes or tubes, by which the air is conducted to the gases at the bridge and flame-bed, in whatever situation they may be placed, where such pipes or tubes are the means of bringing such air to the gas, independently of the air in the ash-pit...
Σελίδα 37 - ... of flame — the heat-giving constituent of the air — in given quantities, and at a given temperature. This, at once, opens the main question, — What are these quantities, and what is this temperature, and are there any other conditions requisite for effecting the chemical union of the oxygen of the air with the inflammable gas, to the best advantage ? Effective combustion, for practical purposes, is, in truth, a question more as regards the air than the gas ; and the former, as referable...