7. At 25 cts. profit in a dollar, how much per cent. ? Ans. 25 per cent. NOTE. When goods are bought or sold on credit you must calculate (by discount) the present worth of their price, in order to find your true gain or loss, &c.

EXAMPLES.

1. Bought 164 yards of broadcloth, at 14s. 6d. per yd. ready money, and sold the same again for 154l. 10s. on 6 months credit; what did I gain by the whole; allowing discount at 6 per cent a year ?

£. £ £. s. £. 8.

As 103 100 : 154 10: 150

O present worth. 118 18 prime cost.

Gained £31 2 Answer.

2. If I buy cloth at 4 dols. 16 cts. months credit, and sell it again at 3 ready money, what do I lose per cent. discount on the purchase price?

per yard, on eight dols. 90 cts. per yd allowing 6 per cent. Ans. 21 per cent.

III. To know how a commodity must be sold, to gain or lose so much per cent.

RULE.

As 100 is to the purchase price so is 100l. or 100 dols. with the profit added, or loss subtracted to the selling price.

EXAMPLES.

1. If I buy Irish linen at 2s. 3d. per yard; how must I sell it per yard to gain 25 per cent. ?

As 100%. 2s. 2d.:: 125l. to 28. 9d. 3qrs. Ans. 2. If I buy Rum at 1 dol. 5 cts. per gallon; how must

I sell it per gallon to gain 30 per cent.?

As $100 $1,05 :: $130: $1,361cts. Ans.

3 If tea cost 54 cts. per lb. ; how must it be sold

to lose 121 per cent. ?

per

lb

As $100: 54cts. :: $87,50 cts. : 47cts. 21m. Ans. 4. Bought cloth 17s. 6d. per yard, which not proving so good as I expected, I am obliged to lose 15 per cent. by it how must I sell it per yard? Ans. 14s. 104d

5. If 11 cwt. 1 qr. 25 lb. of sugar cost 126 dols. 50cts. how must it be sold per lb. to gain 30 per cent. ? Ans. 12cts.8m.

6. Bought 90 gallons of wine at 1 dol. 20 cts. per.. gall but by accident 10 gallons leaked out, at what rate must sell the remainder per gallon to gain upon the whole prim cost, at the rate of 12 per cent. ? Ans. $1, 51cts. 87m.

IV. When there is gained or lost per cent. to know what the commodity cost. RULE.

As 1007. or 100 dols. with the gain per cent. added, or loss per cent. subtracted, is to the price; so is 100 to the prime cost.

EXAMPLES.

1. If a yard of cloth be sold at 14s. 7d. and there is gained 167. 13s. 4d. per cent. ; what did the yard cost?

£ S. d. S. d. £.

As 116 13

4:14 7 :: 100 to 12s. 6d. Ans. 2. By selling broadcloth at 3 dols. 25 cts. per yard, I lose at the rate of 20 per cent. ; what is the prime cost of said cloth per yard? Ans.$4, 06cts. 21m. 3. If 40 lb. of chocolate be sold at 25 cts. per lb. and I gain 9 per cent. ; what did the whole cost me?

Ans. $9, 17 cts. 4m.-† 4. Bought 5 cwt. of sugar and sold it again at 12 cents per lb. by which I gained at the rate of 25 per cent.; what did the sugar cost me per cwt.

Ans. $10, 70cts. 9m.↓

V. If by wares sold at a given rate there is so much gained or lost per cent. to know what would be gained or lost per cent. if sold at another rate.

RULE.

As the first price: is to 1007. or 100 dols. with the profit per cent. added, or loss per cent. subtracted: so is the other price to the gain or loss per cent. at the other rate. N. B. If your answer exceed 100l. or 100 dols. the excess is your gain per cent. ; but if it be less thap 100 that deficiency is the loss per cent.

EXAMPLES.

1. If I sell cloth at 5s. per yd. and thereby gain 15 per cent. what shall I gain per cent. if I sell it at 6s. per yard? .S. £. S. £.

As 5 115:6: 138 Ans. gained 38 per cent.

2. If I retail rum at 1 dollar 50 cents per gallon, and thereby gain 25 per cent. what shall I gain or lose per cent. if I sell it at 1 dol. Scts. per gallon?

$cts. $ $cts.

$

1,50: 125:: 1,08: 90 Ans. I shall lose 10 per cent.

3. If I sell a cwt. of sugar for 8 dollars, and thereby lose 12 per cent. what shall I gain or lose per cent. if I sell 4 cwt. of the same sugar for 36 dollars?

Ans. I lose only 1 per c、ni

4. I sold a watch for 177. 1s. 5d. and by so doing lost 15 per cent. whereas I ought in trading to have cleared 20 per cent.; how much was it sold under its real value ?

£. £. s. d.

As 85 17 1 5

£. £. S d.

100:20 1 8 the prime cost. 120:24 2 0 the real value. Sold for 17 15

100: 20 1 8 ::

£707 Answer.

FELLOWSHIP,

Is a rule by which the accompts of several merchants or

other persons trading in partnership, are so adjusted, that each may have his. share of the gain, or sustain his share of the loss, in proportion to his share of the joint stock. Also by this Rale a bankrupt's estate may be di vided among his creditors, &c.

SINGLE FELLOWSHIP,

Is when the several shares of stock are continued in trade an equal term of time.

RULE.

As the whole stock is to the whole gain or loss so is each man's particular stock, to his particular share of the gain or loss.

PROOF. Add all the particular shares of the gain or loss together, and if it be right, the sum will be equal to the whole gam or loss.

EXAMPLES.

1. Two partners, A and B, join their stock and buy a quantity of merchandize, to the amount of 820 dollars; in the purchase of which A laid out 350 dollars, and B 470 dollars; the commodity being sold, they find their clear gain amounts to 250 dollars. What is each person's share of the gain?

A put in 350

2. Three merchants make a joint stock of 1200l. of which A put in 2401. B 360l. and C 6007.; and by trading they gain 3231. what is each one's part of the gain?

Ans. A's part £65, B's £97 10s. C's £162 10s. 3. Three partners, A, B, and C, shipped 108 mules for the West-Indies; of which A owned 48, B 36, and C 24. But in stress of weather, the mariners were obliged to throw 45 of them overboard; I demand how much of the loss each owner must sustain ?

Ans. A 20, B 15, and C 10. 4. Four men traded with a stock of 800 dollars, by which they gained 307 dols. A's stock was 140 dols. B's 260 dols. C's 300 dols. I demand D's stock and what each man gained by trading?

Ans. D's stock was $100, and A gained $53, 72cts. 5m. B $99, 77 cts. C $115, 124cis. and D $38, 371cts.

5. A bankrupt is indebted to A 2117. to B 300!. and to C3917. and his whole estate amounts only to 6757. 10s. which he gives up to these creditors; how much must each have in proportion to his debt?

Ans. A must have £158 Os. 33d. B £224 15s. 4jä and C £292 16s. 33d

6. A captain, mate and 20 seamen, took a prize worth 3501 dols. of which the captain takes 11 shares, and the mate 5 shares; the remainder of the prize is equally di vided among the sailors; how much did each man receive

Ans. The captain received
The mate
Each sailor

$cts. 1069, 75 486, 25 97,

25

7. Divide the number of 360 into 3 parts, which shall be to each other as 2, 3 and 4. Ans. 80, 120 and 160.

8. Two merchants have gained 4501. of which A is to have three times as much as B; how much is each to have? Ans. A £337 10s. and B £112 108.-1+3=4: 450 3 £337 10s. A's share.

3. Three persons are to share 6007. A is to have a certain sum, B as much again as A, and C three times as much I demand each man's part?

as B.

Ans. A £66, B £1333, and C £400. 10. A and B traded together and gained 100 dols. A put in 640 dols. B put in so much that he must receive 60 dcls. of the gain; I demand B's stock? Ans. $960.

11. A, B and C traded in company: A put in 140 dois. B 250 dols. and C put in 120 yds. of cloth, at cash price; they gained 230 dols. of which C took 100 dols. for his share of the gain: how did C value his cloth per yard in common stock, and what was A and B's part of the gain? Ans. C put in the cloth at $2 per yard. A gained

$46, 67cts. 6m. and B $83, 33cts. 3m.+

COMPOUND FELLOWSHIP,

OR Fellowship with time, is occasioned by several shares

of partners being continued in trade an unequal term of time.

RULE.

Multiply each man's stock or share by the time it was continued in trade: then,

As the sum of the several products,

Is to the whole gain or loss.

So is each man's particular product,
To his particular sha

f the gain or logg.