A SHORT RULE.

NOTE. The value of 100lbs. of any article will be just as many dollars as the article is cents a pound.

For 100 lb. at 1 cent per lb.100 cents=1 dollar.

100 lb. of beef at 4 cents a lb. comes to 400 cents=4 dollars, &c.

DIVISION OF WHOLE NUMBERS.

SIMPLE

IMPLE DIVISION teaches to find how many times one whole number is contained in another; and also what remains; and is a concise way of performing several subtractions.

Four principal parts are to be noticed in Division :

1. The Dividend, or number given to be divided. 2. The Divisor, or nun.ber given to divide by.

3. The Quotient, or answer to the question, which shows how many times the divisor is contained in the dividend. 4. The Remainder, which is always less than the divisor, and of the same name with the Dividend.

RULE.

First, seek how many times the divisor is contained in as many of the left hand figures of the dividend as are just necessary, (that is, find the greatest figure that the divisor can be multiplied by, so as to produce a product that shall not exceed the part of the dividend used) when found, place the figure in the quotient; multiply the divisor by this quotient figure; place the product under that part of the dividend used; then subtract it therefrom, and bring down the next figure of the dividend to the right hand of the remainder; after which, you must seek, multiply and subtract, till you have brought down every figure of the dividend.

PROOF. Multiply the divisor and quotient together and add the remainder if there be any to the product; if the work be right, the sum will be equal to the dividend.*

* Another method which some make use of to prove division is as follows: viz. Add the remainder and all the products of the several quotient figures multiplied by the divisor together, according to the

order in which they stand in the work, and this sum, when the work is night will be equal to the dividend

A third method of proof by excess of aines is as follows, viz. ~ ́

1. Cast the nines out of the divisor and place the excess on the left band.

2. Do the same with the quotient and place it on the right tand.

3. Multiply these two figures ogether, and add their product the remainder, and reject the nines, and place the excess at bp.

4. Cast the nines out of the lividend d place the excess bttom

NOTE-If the sum is right, the top and bottom figures will ?

Divisor, Div. Quotient. 61)28609(467

472)251104(532

9. Divide 1893312 by 912.

95)85595(901 736)863256(1172 there remains 664

10. Divide 1893312 by 2076. 11. Divide 47254149 by 4674.

Ans. 2076

Ans. 912

Ans. 10110 TOTE

12. What is the quotient of 330098048 divided by 4207?

Ans. 78464.

13. What is the quotient of 761858465 divided by 8465 ? Ans. 90001.

14. How often does 761858465 contain 90001 ?

Ans. 8465. 15. How many times 38473 can you have in 119184693 ?

Ans. 3097313.

CASE II.

When there are cyphers at the right hand of the divisor; cut off the cyphers in the divisor, and the same number of figures from the right hand of the dividend, then divide the remaining ones as usual, and to the remainder (if any) annex those figures cut off from the dividend, and you will have the true remainder.

Short Division is when the Divisor does not exceed 12.

RULE.

Consider how many times the divisor is contained in the first figure or figures of the dividend, put the result under, and carry as many tens to the next figure as there are ones over.

Divide every figure in the same manner till the whole is inished.

When the divisor is such a number, that any two fi gures in the Table, being multiplied together will produce it, divide the given dividend by one of those figures; the quotient thence arising by the other; and the last quot ent will be the answer.

NOTE. The total remainder is found by multiplying the last remainder by the first divisor, and adding in the first remainder.

Cut off as many figures from the right hand of the dividend as there are cyphers in the divisor, and these figures so cut off are the remainder; and the other figures of the dividend are the quotient.

SUPPLEMENT TO MULTIPLICATION. To multiply by a mixt number; that is a whole number" joined with a fraction, as 82, 51, 63, &c.

RULE

Multiply by the whole number, and take 1, 1, 3, &c. of the multiplicand, and add it to the product.