Shows how to find the amount of any given number of diverse denominations, by repeating it any proposed number of times. FEDERAL MONEY. RULE. Multiply as in whole numbers; and place the scperatrix as many figures from the right hand in the product, as it is in the multiplicand. 5. Multiply 9 dols. by 50 Ans. 450 00 6. The number of inhabitants in the United States is 7 millions; if each should pay the sum of 8 cents yearly, for 9 years, how many dollars would be raised? Ans. 5 millions. WEIGHT, MEASURE, STERLING MONEY, &c. RULE. Write the multiplicand, and place the quantity under the least denomination for the multiplier, observe the same rules, for carrying as in compound addition. 1. What cost 9 lb. of sugar, at 2s. 8d. 2qr. pr. lb. ?. When the multiplier exceeds 12; Multiply successively by its component parts, instead of the whole number. EXAMPLES. I. 16 cwt. of sugar, at 17. 18s. 8d. pr. cwt. £ 30 18s 8d S. 182 yds. Irish linen, at 28. 4d. pr. yd. Ans. 15, 85- If no two numbers multiplied together will exactly equal the multiplier, multiply by any two numbers that come the nearest, then multiply the upper line by the remainder, which added te the last product gives the answer. EXAMPLES. 1. What will 47 yds. broad cloth come to, at 178. 9d. pr. yd. ? Ans. 19. 13s. 11d. Ans. Ans. 124, 17s. 6d. 4, 18. 5d. 2. 29 yds. of cambricd, at Ol. 138. 7d. pr. yd. 3. 111 yds. broad cloth, at 11. 2s. 6d. pr. yd. 4. 23 ells, at o£ 3s. 61d. pr. ell? Ans. £130, 38. 3d. 6. 59 yds. tabby velvet, at 7s. 10d. pr. yd. Ans. £ 23, 2s. 2d. 7. What is the weight of 7 hhds. of sugar, each weighing 9 cwt. 3 qr. 12 lb. ? Ans. 69 cwt. 8. In 9 fields, each containing 14 acres, 1 rood, and 25 poles, how many acres? Ans. 129a. 2qr. 25rods. 9. In 6 parcels of wood, each containing 5 cords and 96 feet, many cords? how Ans. 34 cords. S. o ་ ་་ Ans. 7 19 20 11. Multiply 3 cords, 87 feet, by 8 Ans. 29 cords 56 feet. COMPOUND DIVISION. Teaches to find how often one number may be had in another of different denominations. RULE.* Write down the given sum in cents, and divide as in whole numbers; the quotient will be the answer in cents. *NOTE. If the cents in the given sum are less than 10, place a cypher on their left, or in the ten's place. 2. Divide 4 dols. 9 cents, or 409 cents by 6. Ans. ,68, cts. 3. Divide 9 dols. 24 cents, by 12. 4 Divide 2 dollars into 33 equal parts. 5. Divide 1000 cents by 25. 6. Divide 999 cents; by 9. 7. Divide 1 dol. by 2 mills. Ans. 77 cts. Ans. ,66, cts. Ans, 40 cts. Ans. 111 cts. Ans. 25 cts. STERLING MONEY, WEIGHTS, MEASURES, &c. RULE. Begin at the left hand, as in simple division, and if any thing remains, determine how many of the next denomination the remainder is equal to, which add to the next denomination, continuing to divide, and to carry the remainder, as before, till the whole is finished. Divide (1) 2. Divide 317. 148. 9d. 2gr. by 17. 3. Divide 1197. 12s. 2d. Sqr. by 9. 4. Divide 1. 19s. 8d. Ogr. by 11. Ans. NOTE. When the divisor exceeds 12, and is the product of 2 numbers; divide by one of these numbers first, and the quotient by the other, the last quotient will be the answer. it Ans. 3 1 5. Divide 1281. 9s. Od. Ogr. by 42. Ans. O 1 4 11 Ans. 1 T. 12 cwt. Sgr. 25lb. 12oz. 3. A. piece of cloth containing 24 yds. cost £. 18. 6s. what pr. vd.? 9. Divide 17 lea. I m. 4 fur. 21 pols. by 21. Ans. 158. 3d. Ans. 2 m. 4 fur. 1 pol. 10. From a piece of cloth containing 64 yds. and 2 nails, taylor was directed to make 27 coats; what did each coat contain ? Ans. 2 yds. I qr. 2 na. REDUCTION. Teaches to change numbers from one denomination to another, without altering their value. Reduction is either Ascending, or Descending. It is Ascending, when numbers of a lower denomination are raised to a higher denomination. It is Descending, when numbers of a higher denomination are reduced to a lower denomination. PROOF. Invert the order of the question. REDUCTION DESCENDING. RULE. Multiply the highest denomination given, by so many of the next less, as make one of that greater; and thus continue till you have reduced it as low as the question requires. EXAMPLES. 1. In 377. 15s. 7d Sqr. how many farthings? 3. In 477. 198. 3d. how many shillings, pence and farthings? Ans. 9598. 11511d and 46044gr. *NOTE. In multiplying by 20, add in the shillings, by 12 add in the pence, and by 4, add in the farthings, if any, in all similar cases. |