These Papers contain easy questions intermixed with others of greater difficulty. The object has been to enable candidates moderately acquainted with the subjects to show sufficient knowledge, and at the same time to afford an opportunity for the display of better acquaintance with the subjects where it has been acquired.

1857.

July 1. Cash in hand

£

s. d. 357 10 0

Bought of Jones and Son 40 bags cotton, 13,728lbs.
at 4ğd.

264 11 0

7. Sold J. Smithson 10 bags cotton, 7,368 lbs. at 6d.

184 4 0

8. Bought of Peak and Co.: 2 lots Surat cotton :
Lot 217. 6 bales, 2,102 lbs. at 24d.

Lot

8. 6 bales, 2,081 lbs. at 2 d.

9. Sold Beale and Co. 6 bales Surat, 2,102 lbs. 32d.

32 16 10

10. Sold John Parker 12 bags cotton, 3,102 lbs. at 43d.

11. Received of J. Smithson on a c

12. Received of Beale and Co. on a 'c

13. Received of Beale and Co. amount of

their a/c

2 16 10
084

54 2 6

100 0 0

30 0 0

£ s. d.

14. Sold James Westhead 18 bags cotton, 3,258 lbs.
at 5d.

19. Sold Holroyd and Swindells 3 bales Surat, 1043
lbs. at 24d.. -

2. Post the same transactions from the books given above into the Ledger in the manner called "Single Entry."

These Papers contain easy questions intermixed with others of greater difficulty. The object has been to enable candidates moderately acquainted with the subjects to show sufficient knowledge, and at the same time to afford an opportunity for the display of better acquaintance with the subjects where it has been acquired.

3. Which side of a Cash Book is always the greatest?

4. Name the additional Ledger accounts which would be necessary if the transactions recited above were to be recorded by Double Entry.

5. Describe the process of balancing and closing a set of books kept by Double Entry.

6. What errors are not checked by balancing the Ledger, and how are they guarded against in practice?

7. At the beginning of a year a set of books is re-opened, and there are balances of the following accounts :

Merchandise,
Bills payable,
Bills receivable,
Furniture,

and Cash

On which side of the Ledger will each be put ?

8. Give the Journal entries which would be necessary to record the last three transactions given above (under question 1).

9. Give the Journal entries which would be made by Holroyd and Swindells and by Peak and Co. for their parts of the same transactions.

SPECIMENS OF EXAMINATION-PAPERS IN THE PRINCIPLES OF BOOK-
KEEPING BY DOUBLE ENTRY

Set to candidates for the Admiralty at Somerset House, Office of
Works, &c.
No. 1.

1. What is Book-keeping by Double Entry, and what Book-keeping by Single Entry?

2. What books should (in your opinion) be used in Book-keeping by

Double Entry?

3. (a) Which of the books you have named is indispensable in any

system of book-keeping?

(b) Are any others necessary to book-keeping by Double Entry, and which?

(c) If any of those you have named as proper to be used in Double Entry Book-keeping can be avoided, shew how it can be done.

4. At the end of a year a merchant balances his ledger :

(a) Describe the process.

(b) What errors would not be checked by balancing the ledger, and how are they guarded against in practice?

5. Has Book-keeping by Double Entry any superiority over Bookkeeping by Single Entry, except the check it gives on the accuracy of the ledger postings?

6. How should the following accounts be closed ?—

(a) Merchandise.

(b) Profit and loss.

(c) Cash.

(d) Private expenses.

These Papers contain easy questions intermixed with others of greater difficulty. The object has been to enable candidates moderately acquainted with the subjects to show sufficient knowledge, and at the same time to afford an opportunity for the display of better acquaintance with the subjects where it has been acquired.

7. At the present time the following is a correct statement of John Smith's position :-He has a house worth 550l., furniture and fixtures worth 2501., a horse and cart worth 60l., various goods to the value of 970l., and debts due to him from A. Jones 50%., B. Wing 60%., and G. Brown 751.; he has besides 321. 7s. 4d. in cash, but he owes to James Thompson 497., to G. Jack 1277., and to W. Craven 6941.

Rule a sheet of paper to serve as a ledger, and make all the entries which Smith's ledger should have in it to shew his position to be as above stated.

8. I buy wine of A. for 5Cl., and sell it to B. for 55l.; B. pays me in a bill for 251. and cash for 301., and I then pay A. on account. Give the journal entries A. would make for these transactions, and also those of B.

(Rule paper in the proper journal form to make the above entries on.)

9. On the 1st December I had the following transactions :

Rule a Cash-book, and enter in it as many of these facts as you

can.

No. 2.

1. Supposing a Journal to be used, give the Journal entries for the following transaction :—

"Sold to B. 1 pipe Port, 50l., and took his bill at two months for the amount."

2. I buy Sherry of James Smith for 50l., and sell it to B. for 55l., B. pays me in a bill for 251., and cash for 30l., and I then pay to James Smith B.'s acceptance and cash for the balance, he allowing me 2 per cent. on the whole amount. Give the Journal entries which would be necessary for recording these transactions in my books.

3. Give the Journal entries which James Smith would make for his part of the same transaction, and also those of B.

These Papers contain easy questions intermixed with others of greater difficulty. The object has been to enable candidates moderately acquainted with the subjects to show sufficient knowledge, and at the same time to afford an opportunity for the display of better acquaintance with the subjects where it has been acquired.

4. How should the following accounts be closed:-—

1. Merchandise.

2. Cash.

3. Profit and loss.

4. Petty expenses.

5. Describe the process of balancing. What errors are not checked by it, and how are they guarded against in practice?

6. A set of books is kept by Single Entry, and the books used are, 1. Day Book or Sales' Book.

2. Cash Book.

3. Bill Book.

4. Ledger.

Show how this set of books could, at the end of a year, be changed to Double Entry, without making any fresh ones. N.B. The following should not be attempted till all you can do of the preceding has been completed.

B. Copy the following transactions into either,

1856.

1. A Sales' Book or Day Book, a Cash Book, and an Invoice
Book, or

2. (In the case of your not being able to do so) into any books
that you consider would do in their stead.
In each case you must rule paper for yourself.

£ S. d.

10 doz. Rudesheimer, 59s.

29 10 0

These Papers contain easy questions intermixed with others of greater difficulty. The object has been to enable candidates moderately acquainted with the subjects to show sufficient knowledge, and at the same time to afford an opportunity for the display of better acquaintance with the subjects where it has been acquired.

1856.

£ s. d.

July 20. Accepted draft of J. Edwards & Son, at 2 months 108 00

Candidates should confine their remarks to the answering of the questions proposed: anything stated beyond this will not be examined.

1. Rule a Cash Book and enter in it the following transactions :

2. Rule a Ledger and enter in it the transactions given in 1.

3. What is a "Ledger Account," a "Ledger Folio," a "Ledger Balance," and the "Balance of an Account "? And what is Posting"?

4. What is Book-keeping by Double Entry? State briefly in what it differs from Book-keeping by Single Entry, and what advantages it has over it.

5. In Double Entry what does "Balancing the Ledger" mean? and what is the difference between a "Trial Balance and a "Balance Sheet"? What sort of errors are not detected by balancing?