When the multiplier consists of several figures. RULE. The multiplier being placed under the multiplicand, units under units, tens under tens, &c. multiply by each significant figure in the multiplier separately, placing the first figure in each product exactly under its multiplier; then add the several products together in the same order as they stand, and their sum will be the total product. EXAMPLES. What number is equal to 47 times 365? Multiplicand, 365 47 Ans. 2780206656. 15. What is the total product of 7608 times 365432. 16. What number is equal to 40003 times 4897685. Ans. 195922093055. When there are ciphers on the right hand of either or both of the factors, neglect those ciphers; then place the significant figures under one another, and multiply by them only, and to the right hand of the product, place as many ciphers as were omitted in both the factors. 7065000×8700=61465500000 749643000 × 695000=521001885000000 CASE IV. When the multiplier is a composite number. that is when it is proa. ced by multiplying any two numbers in the table together, ntultiply first by one of those figures, and that product by the other, and the last product will be the tofal required. To multiply by 10, 100, 1000, &c. annex to the multiplicand all the ciphers in the multiplier, and it will make the product required. EXAMPLES. 1. Multiply 365 by 10. Ans. 3650. EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE. 1. Multiply 1203450 by 9004. Ans. 10835863800. Ans. 515309055188. Ans. 584113330416. Ans. 533276081481. Ans. 1960310474010. Ans. 7428927415293. 98763542=8754237228385764. Application and Use of Multiplication. In making out bills of parcels, and in finding the value of goods; when the price of one yard, pound, &c. is given (in Federal Money) to find the value of the whole quantity. RULE.-Multiply the given price and quantity together, as in whole numbers, and the separatrix will be as many figures from the right hand in the product as in the given price. EXAMPLES. 1. What will 35 yards of broad- $. d. c. m. cloth come to, at 3, 4 9 6 per yard? 35 17 4 8 0 104 8 8 Ans. $122, 3 6 0 122 dol [lars, 36 cents. 2. What cost 35 lb. cheese at 8 cents per lb. ? ,08 Ans. $2, 80-2 dollars 80 cents. Ans. $43, 79 cents. 3. What is the value of 29 pairs of men's shoes, at 1 dollar 51 cents per pair? 4. What cost 131 yards of Irish linen, at 38 cents per yard? Ans. $49, 78 cents. 5. What cost 140 reams of paper, at 2 dollars 35 cents per ream? Ans. $329. 6. What cost 144 lb. of hyson tea, at 3 dollars 51 cents per-lb. ? Ans. $505, 44 cents. 7. What cost 94 bushels of oats, at 33 cents per bushel? Ans. $31, 2 cents. 8. What do 50 firkins of butter come to, at 7 dollars 14 cents per firkin? Ans. $357. 9. What cost 12 cwt. of Malaga raisins, at 7 dollars 31' Ans. $87, 72 cents. cents per cwt. ? 10. Bought 37 horses for shipping, at 52 dollars per head: what do they come to? Ans. $1924. 11. What is the amount of 500 lbs. of hog's-lard, at 15 cents per lb. ? Ans. $75. 12. What is the value of 75 yards of satin, at 3 dollars 75 cents per yard? Ans. $281, 25. 14 dols. 67 cents Ans. $5383, 89 cents. 13. What cost 367 acres of land, at per acre? 14. What does 857 bls. pork come to, at 18 dols. 93 Ans. $16223, 1 cent. cents per bl. ? 15. What does 15 tuns of hay come to, at 20 dols. 78 cts. per tun? Ans. $311, 70 cents. 16. Find the amount of the following NOTE. The value of 100lbs. of any article will be just as many dollars as the article is cents a pound. For 100 lb. at 1 cent per lb. 100 cents=1 dollar. 100 lb. of beef at 4 cents a lb. comes to 400 cents=4 dollars, &c. DIVISION OF WHOLE NUMBERS. SIMPLE DIVISION teaches to find how many times one whole number is contained in another; and also what remains; and is a concise way of performing several subtractions. Four principal parts are to be noticed in Division: 1. The Dividend, or number given to be divided. 2. The Divisor, or number given to divide by. 3. The Quotient, or answer to the question, which shows how many times the divisor is contained in the dividend. 4. The Remainder, which is always less than the divisor and of the same name with the Dividend. |