WINE MEASURE is used by grocers and others, for measuring wine, oil, molasses, and most other liquids. 4 gills (gi.). make 1 pint. make 1 quart. . make 1 gallon. pt. qt. gal. 2 pints. 4 quarts. 31 gallons 42 gallons 63 gallons 84 gallons 126 gallons make 1 hogshead. make 1 puncheon. 2 pipes, or 4 hhds... make 1 ton. bl. LONG MEASURE is applied to length, distance, &c. 5 yards or 16 feet.. make 1 rod or pole. 93 furlongs. 360 degrees.. yd. r. fur. m. make 1 geographical mile. 60 geographical miles . make 1 degree. 1. deg. SQUARE MEASURE is used in measuring land, floorng, boards, tiling, and all other surfaces whatever. 30 yards, or 2724 ft... make 1 rod or pole. ft yd. r. R. A. ml CUBIC MEASURE is used in measuring solid bodies, and in finding the capacity of rooms, boxes, &c. 1728 inches. . . . make 1 foot 40 feet of round timber. make 1 ton. ft. = T. ft. w. C. TIME is naturally divided into days, by the revolution of the earth upon its axis; and into years, by the revolution of the earth round the sun. The earth revolves round the sun once in 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, and 48 seconds: this period is therefore a Solar year. In order to keep pace with the solar year in our reckoning, we make every fourth year to contain 366 days, and call it Leap year. The number The year is divided into 12 months. '30 days hath September, "The 4th. 11th. 9th. and 6th., Questions to be answered Orally. (1) What is English money? (2) Recite the table. (3) How many shillings are there in 2 pounds? (4) How many pence in 2 shillings? (5) How many pence in 8 farthings? (6) How many pence in 36 farthings? (7) How many farthings in 6d. 3qr.? (8) What is the use of Troy Weight? (9) Recite the table. (10) How many ounces in 2 pounds? (11) How many penny-weights in 4 ounces? (12) What is the use of Avoirdupois Weight? (13) Recite the table. (14) How many ounces in 4 pounds? (15) How many hundred-weight in 3 tons ? (16) How many hundred-weight in 24 quarters? (17) How is Apothecaries' Weight used? (18) Recite the table. (19) How many scruples in 4 drams? (20) How many drams in 27 scruples? (21) What is the use of Dry Measure? (22) Recite the table. (23) How many pecks in 12 bushels and 2 pecks? (24) How many bushels, and how many pecks over in 35 pecks? (25) What is the use of Cloth Measure? (26) Recite the table. (27) In 5 yards how many quar ters? (28) In 32 nails how many yards? (25 How many English ells in 14 quarters? (30) To what is Wine Measure applied? (1) Recite the table. (32) In 2 gallons of vinegar how many quarts?how many pints?how many gills? (33) In 32 gills how many gallons? (34) What is measured by Beer Measure? (35) Recite the table. (36) How many gallons are there in 6 firkins? (37) How many kilderkins in 19 firkins? (38) How many firkins in 1 barrel ? (39) What is Long Measure applied to? Recite the table. (41) What number of inches are there in 1 yard? (42) How many feet in 38 inches? (43) In 6 furlongs how many miles? (40) (44) What is the use of Square Measure? (45) Recite the table. (46) How many square feet in 4 square yards? (47) How many rods in 2 roods? (48) How many acres in 20 roods? (49) What is the use of Cubic Measure? (50) Recite the table. (51) How many cubic feet are there in 3 feet of wood? (52) In 48 feet of wood, how many cords of wood? (53) How is time naturally divided? (54) Recite the table. (55) What is a Solar year? (56) How many months in a year? (57) Recite the lines that tell the number of days in each month. M SECTION 8. REDUCTION OF COMPOUND NUMBERS. Reduction is the operation of changing any quantity from its number in one denomination, to its number in another denomination. For instance, if we change an admeasurement from 2 feet to 24 inches, that is, if we find how many inches there are in 2 feet, the operation is called reduction. Again, if we change 24 inches to 2 feet, this operation is also called reduction. £ s. d. qr. Ans. 13 8 4 2 This example is the reverse of the first example. We here consider, that every 4 farthings make 1 pen In this example, we consider, that there are 20 times as many shillings as pounds in any sum; therefore we multiply the 13 ny; therefore, we find by pounds by 20, and add the 8 shillings to the product. Then, since there are 12 times as many pence as there are shillings, we multiply the shillings by 12 and add the 4 pence to the product. Lastly, since there are 4 times as many farthings as pence, we multiply the pence by 4, and add 2 farthings to the product. division how many times 4 there are in the number of farthings: the quotient is pence, and the remainder is farthings. Then, since every 12 pence is 1 shilling, we divide the pence by 12; the quotient is shillings, and the remainder pence. Lastly, since every 20 shillings make 1 pound, we divide the shillir gs by 20. RULE FOR REDUCTION. When a greater denomina tion is to be reduced to a smaller, multiply the greater denomination, by that number which is required of the smaller, to make ONE of the greater; adding to the product so many of the smaller denomination as are expressed in the given sum. Perform a like operation on this product, and on each succeeding product. When a smaller denomination is to be reduced to a greater, divide the smaller denomination by that number which is required of the smaller, to make ONE of the next greater: the quotient will be of the greater denomination, and the remainder will be of the same denomination with the dividend. Perform a like operation on this quotient, and on each succeeding quotient. 3. How many farthings are there in 18s. 7d. 3qr. ? 4. How many pounds are there in 9207 farthings? 5. How many pence are there in £5 Os. 11d.? 6. How many shillings are there in 647 farthings? 7. How many times 8 pence are there in £3 5s.? 10. How many penny-weights in 9 lb. 13oz. 16dwt. ? 11. How many pounds of silver in 829 penny-weights? 12. How many grains in 10oz. 19dwt. 12gr.? 13. How many pounds in 23641 grains? |