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CHAP. The native amalgam has not been observed there

X.

since the termination of the seventeenth century. At this time they were working the ore from cavities of the mine that had been once abandoned; which explains the reason why the veins appeared comparatively insignificant. The original excavations extend much lower,-to the depth of one hundred and fifty fathoms; but, owing to an accident which happened here, as at Fahlun, of the falling-in of a considerable part of the works, the lower chambers have been rendered inaccessible. The torches used

!

this mine remarkable; and among these, in particular, the mineral called, from the place where it was first found, Salite. We shall insert a list of all of them.

1. Native silver.

2. Antimonial silver.

3. Native amalgam.

4. Native antimony, and sulphuret of antimony.

5. Many varieties of sulphuret of lead, crystallized and amorphous.

6. Sulphuret of xinc.

7. Arsenical and common sulphurets of iron.

8. Black granular iron-oxide.

9. Salite.

10. Chlorite, containing garnet; and garnet in galena.

11. Asbestus in all its varieties.

12. Pot-stone.

13. Ophites, and green serpentine.

14. Mica.

15. Many varieties of crystallized carbonate of lime.

16. Trap, and basalt.

17. Quartz, and red hornstone.

18. Hornblende; &c.

СНАР.
X.

in all the Swedish mines consist of deal splinters, formed into fagots about as thick as a man's arm. Our guides took care to be provided with plenty of these, making a blazing illumination in the different chambers; and having supplied us with their mining implements, we fell to work, and were engaged in digging the ore from its native bed,—to the great mirth of the workmen, who were much amused with the waste of labour shewn in our awkward management of their tools. The great heat of the mine is always most oppressive to persons unaccustomed to such places; and of this the miners are themselves by no means insensible: but it was nothing to what we experienced in the Mine of Fahlun. We soon afterwards ascended, and procured a very interesting series of speci- Minerals. mens upon the spot. Others were also afterwards brought to our lodgings. We have already inserted a list of them in a note. The Assessor of the mine shewed to us his own. magnificent collection; containing not only all the minerals common or peculiar to Sala, but also many valuable specimens from foreign countries. He wished to dispose of the whole, for three hundred rix-dollars ;-a trifling sum, compared with the real value.

Town of

The town of Sala has been described as Sala.

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sons.

CHAP. not inferior to Fahlun in size and elegance. Like all the Swedish towns, it has an open square, from which the streets run, with the utmost regularity, in different directions'. To us it appeared both small and dirty; which only shews how different the same place may appear to different travellers at different seaWe partook of a meal at the table-d'hôte of the inn, where every thing was uncleanly and of bad quality: yet we had hunger for sauce, and therefore were not disposed to quarrel with our food. An apothecary, with well-meaning but overwhelming civility and volubility, sounded quite an alarum in our ears: he introduced to us an artist who carried about carved-work in ivory, executed with infinite minuteness of detail, and in the worst taste; from which engravings were made for sale, with portraits of the King and Queen. The arts are at a low ebb indeed, when works of this kind are in request! for their encouragement, they require the patronage of a Turkish Pasha, or a Chinese Mandarin.

(1) Thomson's Travels, p. 233.

APPENDIX.

No. I.

THE following is a Copy of a Table printed in TRÖNŸEM; shewing the utmost Elevation and Depression of the Mercury in the Barometer and Thermometer, and the Declination of the Magnetic Needle from North to West, according to observations made at Trönÿjem, in North Lat. 63°. 26'. 16".; and Longitude from the Meridian of Copenhagen, 1° 59'.; during twentytwo years, from 1762 to 1783 inclusive.-The first declination of the needle was observed in 1769.

N.B. The Barometer, whence these observations were deduced, is divided into French inches; each inch consisting of twelve lines. It was suspended in a room with a north aspect, 204 ells above the level of the sea; and exposed to air, beneath a canopy, free from solar rays. The observations were made at noon.

The observations upon the Thermometer, during the winter months, were made in the forenoon;during the summer months, in the afternoon ;and upon the scale of Reaumur.

[blocks in formation]

1762. December 30. . 28". 9" January 13.

UTMOST DEPRESSION.

laches. Lines

26". 9"

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