EXPLANATION. - Multiply 23 by 3 ones.

Write the first partial product, placing the ones under the ones and the tens under the tens. Multiply 23 by 1 ten. Write the second partial product, placing the ones under the ones, the tens under the tens and the hundreds under the hundreds. In practice the cipher is omitted. Add the partial products to obtain the

557.73

$61.97 x 4 tens + 9 ones = $3036.53

2478.80

$3036.53

In multiplying dollars and cents by a whole number, it is necessary to write dollars under dollars and cents under cents. For this reason the decimal points must be placed one under the other.

NOTE. In multiplying it is easier to multiply the large number by the small number. For convenience arrange it in that way.

Written Problems

314. 1. A train travels 48 hr. at the rate of 35 mi. an hour. How far does it travel?

2. If a man can travel at the rate of 17 mi. an hour on a motorcycle, how far does he travel in 16 hr. ?

3. A man rides 18 mi. a day for 15 da. How many miles does he ride?

4. If cherries cost 15¢ a box, 21 boxes of cherries cost $

5. How many ounces are there in 25 lb. ?

6. A man mails 22 lb. of merchandise in ounce packages. How much postage does he pay at the rate of 1 an ounce?

7. How many inches in 16 ft. ?

8. How many eggs in 17 doz. eggs?

9. How many sheets of paper are there in 11 quires (24 sheets = 1 quire)?

10. What is the cost of 56 gal. of gasoline at 19¢ a gal.? Show how to point off cents to make dollars. 11. A good mixture of seed for hay production to be sown by the acre is

How many pounds of seed are required for 25 acres?

12. A good seed mixture for pasture land, to be sown by the acre, is

How many pounds of seed are required for 40 acres?

13. A farmer found that by spraying his apple trees he increased the average income per acre from $92 to $139. What was the increase in the income for 24 acres?

14. Cattle require about 24 lb. of dry feed per day. How many pounds will 64 head of cattle require?

15. A real estate agent sold 28 lots at an average price $377.67 per lot. How much did he receive for the lots ?

16. If a ton of coal costs $6.75, what will 54 tons cost?

17. A discus thrower threw the discus 134 ft. How many inches did he throw it?

18. A competitor threw the discus 133 ft. 6 in. How many inches did he throw it?

19. In an athletic contest a boy put the shot 32 ft. 4 in. What is the distance in inches?

20. A steward purchased the following goods from the grocer :

12 bu. potatoes @ 84¢ per bushel.

2 gal. molasses @ 56 lb. butter @ 40

36¢ per gallon.

per pound.

6 doz. eggs @ 36¢ per dozen.

What is the amount of the bill?

21. Make out a bill and receipt it.

Areas

315. 1. Draw a square figure 1 in. on each side. This figure is called a one-inch square. It has square corners. Its area is one square inch.

2. Cut from paper 2 one-inch squares.

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3. Place 2 one-inch squares so as to make a figure, with square corners, twice as long as the oneinch square. Its area is 2 square inches.

4. With a rule draw a figure 3 in. long and 2 in. wide. Make the corners square corners.

5. Draw lines to show how many square inches there are in this figure.

6. Draw on the blackboard a rectangle 2 ft. wide and 4 ft. long.

7. Find the area in square feet.

8. Name objects in the room that are in the form of a rectangle.

9. Estimate the area of the surface of these objects.

10. Measure and find the area of the door. Of the window. Of the blackboard. Of this book.

Problems and Exercises

316. 1. A flower bed is 4 yd. long and 2 yd. wide. How many square yards in the surface of the bed?

2. How many strips of cloth, 1 yd. wide and 4 yd. long, will be required to cover the entire bed?

3. Can you draw a figure using 1 in. for 1 yd. to represent this flower bed?