EXAMPLES OF

WEIGHTS, MEASURES, &c.

1. Divide 14 cwt. 1 qr. 8 lb. of sugar equally among

8 men.

2. Divide 6 T. 11 cwt. 3 qrs. 19 lb. by 4

Ans. 1T. 12cwt. 3qrs. 25lb. 12oz.

3. Divide 14 cwt. 1 qr. 12 lb. by 5

Ans. 2cwt. 3qrs. 13lb. 9oz. 9dr.+ 10 dr. by 6

4. Divide 16 lb. 13 oz.

5. Divide 56 lb. 6 oz.

parts.

6. Divide 26 lb. 1 oz.

5

Ans. 2lb. 12oz. 15dr. 17 pwt. of silver into 9 equal Ans. 6lb Soz. Spwt. 13grs.+ pwt. by 24

Ans. 1lb. 1oz. 1pwt. 1gr.

7. Divide 9 hhds. 28 gals. 2 qts by 12

Ans. Ohhds. 49gals. 2qts. 1pt.

8. Divide 168 bu. 1 pk. 6 qts. by 35

Ans. 4bu. 3pks. 2qts.

9. Divide 17 lea. 1 m. 4 fur. 21 po. by 21

10. Divide 43 yds. 1 qr. 1 na.

Ans. 2m. 4fur. 1po.

by 11

Ans. 3yds. Sqrs. Sna

11. Divide 97 E. E. 4 qrs. 1 na. by 5

Ans. 19yds. 2qrs. 3na.+

12. Divide 4 gallons of brandy equally among 144 soldiers. Ans. 1gill a-piece. 13. Bought a dozen of silver spoons, which together weighed 3 lb. 2 oz. 13 pwt. 12 grs. how much silver did each spoon contain ? Ans. 3oz. 4pwt. 11gr. 14. Bought 17 cwt. 3 qrs. 19 lb. of sugar, and sold out one third of it; how much remains unsold?

Ans. 11cwt. 3hrs. 221b.

15. From a piece of cloth containing 64 yards 2 na. a taylor was ordered to make 9 soldier's coats, which took one third of the whole piece; how many yards did each Ans. 2yds. 1gr. 2na. coat contain ?

PRACTICAL QUESTIONS.

1. If 9 yards of cloth cost 4l. 3s. d. what is that per yard ?

£ s. d. qr.

94 3 7 2

9 3 2 Answer.

2. If 11 tons of hay cost 231. Os. 2d. what is that per Ans. £2 1s. 10d. Яon ? 3. If 12 gallons of brandy cost 4l. 15s. 6d. what is that Ans. 7s. 11d. 2qrs. per gallon? 4. If 84 lbs. of cheese cost 17. 16s. 9d. what is that per Ans. 51d. pound? 5. Bought 48 pairs of stockings for 111. 2s. how much Ans. 4s. 74d. a pair do they stand me in?

6. If a reckoning of 5. 8s. 101d. he paid equally among Ans. 8s. 41d. 13 persons, what do they pay a piece?

7. A piece of cloth containing 24 yards, cost 187. 6s. Ans. 15s. 3d. what did it cost per yard?

8. If a hogshead of wine cost 33l. 12s. what is it a Ans. 10s. 8d. gallon? 9. If 1 cwt. of sugar cost 37. 10s. what is it per pound?

10. If a man spends 71l. 14s. 6d.

per calendar month ?

Ans. 74d.

a year, what is that Ans. £5 19s. 61d. 11: The Prince of Wales' salary is 150,0001. a year, Ans. £410 19s. 2d. what is that a day?

12. A privateer takes a prize worth 12465 dollars, of which the owner takes one half, the officers one fourth, and the remainder is equally divided among the sailors, who are 125 in number; how much is each sailor's part? Ans. $24 93cte.

13. Three merchants, A, B, and C, have a ship incompany. A hath, B. and C, and they receive for freight 2287. 16s. 8d. It is required to divide it among the owners according to their respective shares.

Ans. A's share £143 Os. 5d. B's share £57 4s. 2d. C's share £28, 12s.

1d.

14. A privateer having taken a prize worth $6850, it is divided into one hundred shares; of which the captain is to have 11; 2 lieutenants, each 5; 12 midshipmen, each 2 and the remainder is to be divided equally among the sailors, who are 105 in number.

Ans. Captain's share $753 50cts. lieut's. $342 50cts. a midshipman's $137, and a sailor's $35 SScts.

REDUCTION,

TEACHES to bring or change numbers from one name to another, without altering their value.

Reduction is either Descending or Ascending.

Descending is when great names are brought into small, as pounds into shillings, days into hours, &c.-This is done by Multiplication.

Ascending is when small names are brought into great, as shillings into pounds, hours into days, &c. This is performed by Division.

REDUCTION DESCENDING.

RULE.

Multiply the highest denomination given, by so many of the next less as make one of that greater, and thus continue till you have brought it down as low as your question requires.

PROOF. Change the order of the question, and divide your last product by the last multiplier, and so on.

EXAMPLES.

1. In 25l. 15s. 9d. 2qrs. how many farthings?

NOTE. In multiplying by 20, I added in the 15s.-by 12 the 9d.-and by 4 the 2qrs. which must always be done in like cases.

2. In 31l. 11s. 10d. tqr. how many farthings?

Ans. 30329

3. In 46l. 5s. 11d. 3qrs. how many farthings?

Ans. 44447

4. In 61. 12s. how many shillings, pence and far things? Ans. 1232s. 14784d. 59136qrs. 5. In 847. how many shillings and pence?

Ans. 1680s. 20160d.

6. In 18s. 9d. how many pence and farthings?

Ans. 225d. 900grs.

7. In 312l. 8s. 5d. how many half-pence?

Ans. 149962

8. In 846 dollars at 6s. each, how many farthings?

Ans. 243648

9. In 41 guineas at 28s. each, how many pence?

Ans. 13776

10. In 59 pistoles, at 22s. how many shillings, pence, and farthings?

Ans. 1298s. 15576d. 62304qrs. 11. In 37 half-johannes, at 48s. how many shillings, six-pences, and three-pences?

Ans. 1776s 3552 six-pences, 7104 three-pences. 12. In 121 French crowns, at 6s. 8d. each, how many pence and farthings? Ans. 9680d. 38720qrs.

REDUCTION ASCENDING.

RULE.

Divide the lowest denomination given, by so many of that name as make one of the next higher, and so on through all the denominations, as far as your question requires.

PROOF. Multiply inversely by the several divisors.

EXAMPLES.

1. In 224765 farthings, how many pence, shillings and

pounds?

Farthings in a penny=4)224765

NOTE. The remainder is always of the same name as the dividend.

2. Bring 30329 farthings into pounds?

Ans. £31 11s. 10d. 1gr.

Ans. £46 5s. 11d. 3qrs.

3. In 44447 farthings, how many pounds?

4. In 59136 farthings, how many pence, shillings, and pounds ? Ans. 14784d. 1232s. £61 12s. 5. In 20160 pence, how many shillings and pounds? Ans. 1680s. or £84.

6. In 900 farthings, how many pounds?

Ans. £0 18s. 9d.

7. Bring 74981 half-pence into pounds?

Ans. £156 4s. 21d.

8. In 243648 farthings, how many dollars at 6s. each Ans. $816.

9. Reduce 13776 pence to guineas, at 28s. per guinea. Ans. 41.

10. In 62304 farthings, how many pistoles, at 22 Ans. 59.

ach?