REDUCTION OF CURRENCIES. RULES, FOR reducing the Currencies of the several United States into Federal Money. CASE I. To reduce the currencies of the different states, where a dollar is an even number of shillings, to Federal Money. They are New-England, Virginia, New-York, and 7 Kentucky, and Tennessee. RULE. 1. When the sum consists of pounds only, annex a cy pher to the pounds, and divide by half the number of shillings in a dollar; the quotient will be dollars.† 2. But if the sum consists of pounds, shillings, pence, &c. bring the given sum into shillings, and reduce the pence and farthings to a decimal of a shilling; annex said decimal to the shillings, with a decimal point between, then divide the whole by the number of shillings contained in a dollar, and the quotient will be dollars, cents, mills, &c. * Formerly the pound was of the same sterling value in all the colonies as in. Great-Britain, and a Spanish Dollar worth 4s6-but the legislatures of the different colonies emitted bills of credit, which afterwards depreciated in their value, in some states more, in others less, &c. Thus a dollar is reckoned in New-England, New Jersey, South Virginia, >68 Kentucky, and Tennessee. J Pennsylvania, New-York, & 8s N. Carolina. +Adding a cypher to the pounds, multiplies the whole by 10, bringing them into tenths of a pound; then because a dollar is just three-tenths of a pound. N. E currency, deviding those tenths by 3, brings them into dellars, &c. See Note, page 85. EXAMPLES. 1. Reduce 731. New-England and Virginia Currency, to Federal Money. 3)930 $ cts. 8243-243 331 [federal money. d. 2. Reduce 451. 15s. 7d. New-England currency, to 20 A dollar 6)915,625 $152,604+ Ans. 12)7,500 ,625 decimal. 2 3 NOTE. 1 farthing is ,25) which annex to the pence, ,50 and divide by 12, you will = ,75 have the decimal required. 3. Reduce 345l. 10s. 111d. New-Hampshire, &c. cur rency, to Spanish milled dollars, or federal money. £345 10 11 111 20 6)6910,9375 $1151,8229+ Ans. a. 12)11,2500 ,9385 decimal. 4. Reduce 105l. 14s. 33d. New-York and North-Caro lina currency, to federal money. 5. Reduce 4314. New-York currency to federal money. This being pounds only. 4)4310. $ cts. Ans. $10771077,50 '* A dollar is 8s. in this currency—,4: to of a pound; therefore, multiply by 10, and divide by, brings the pounds into dollars, &e. 6. Reduce 287. 11s. 6d. New-England and Virginia currency, to federal money. Ans. $95,25cts. 7. Change 463l. 10s. 8d. New-England, &c. currency, to federal money. 8. Reduce 351. 19s. money. 9. Reduce 2147. 10s. to federal money. Ans. $1545, 11cts. 1m.+ Virginia, &c. currency, to federal Ans. $119, 83cts. 3m.+ 74d. New-York, &c. currency, Ans. $536, 32cts. 8m.+ 10. Reduce 304l. 11s. 5d. North-Carolina, &c. currency, to federal money. Ans. $761, 42cts. 7m.+ 11. Change 219l. 118. 73d. New-England and Virginia currency, to federal money. Ans. $731, 94cts.+ 12. Change 2411. New-England, &c. currency, into federal money. Ans. $803, 33cts. ney. 13. Bring 201. 18s. 53d. New-England currency, into dollars. Ans. $69, 74cts. 6m.+ 14. Reduce 4681. New-York currency, to federal moAns. $1170 15. Reduce 178. 93d. New-York, &c. currency, to dollars, &c. Ans. $2, 22cts. 6,5m.+ 16. Borrowed 10 English crowns, at 6s. 8d. each, how many dollars at 6s. each, will pay the debt? Ans. $11, 11cts. 1m. NOTE.-There are several short practical methods of reducing New-England and New-York currencies to Federal Money, for which see the Appendix. CASE II. To reduce the currency of New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland, to Federal Money. RULE. Multiply the given sum by 8, and divide the product by 3, and the quotient will be dollars, &c.* EXAMPLES. 1. Reduce 2451. New-Jersey, &c. currency, to federal money. £245×8=1960, and 1960÷3=$6531=E653, 331cts. NOTE: When there are shillings, pence, &c. in the * A dollar is 7s. 6d.=90d. in this currency=203 of £ therefore, multiplying by 8, and dividing by 3, gives the dollars, cents, &c. given sum, reduce them to the decimal of a pound, then multiply and divide as above, &c. 2. Reduce 36l. 11s. 8d. New-Jersey, &c. currency, to federal money. £36,5854 decimal value. £. 8 3. Reduce 240 0 8. Reduce 0 17 9 CASE III. To reduce the currency of South-Carolina and Georgia, to federal money. RULE. Multiply, the given sum by 30, and divide the product by 7, the quotient will be the dollars, cents, &c.* EXAMPLES.. 1. Reduce 1007. South-Carolina and Georgia currency, to federal money.. 100%.×30=3000; 3000+7=$428,5714 Ans. 2. Reduce 54l. 16s. 93d. Georgia currency, to federal money. 54,8406 decimal expression, 30. 7)1545,2180 Ans. 235,0311. £. S. d. ANSWERS. $ cts. 3. Reduce 94 14 8 to federal money, 405 99.8+ 4. Reduce 19 17 61 5. Reduce 417 14 6 6. Reduce 140' 10 0. 85 18.7+ 1790 25 602 14 2+ 7. Reduce 160 0 0. 685 71 4 4s. 8d. or 56d to the dollar of a pound; therefore x30÷7. £. S. d. 8. Reduce 0 11 6 9. Reduce 41 17 9 CASE IV. $cts. m. 2 46 4+ 179 51 4 To reduce the currency of Canada and Nova-Scotia, to Federal Money. Multiply the given sum by 4, the product will be dollars. NOTE. Five shillings of this currency are equal to a dollar; consequently 4 dollars make one pound. EXAMPLES. 1. Reduce 1251. Canada and Nova-Scotia currency, to federal money. 125 Ans. $500 2. Reduce 551. 10s. 6d. Nova-Scotia currency, to dol55,525 decimal value. lars. For reducing the Federal Money to the currencies of the several United States. To reduce Federal Money to the currency of |