2.25

OBS.-The scholar will do well to turn now to the rule for reducing a vulgar fraction to a decimal.

1.32

14.285

$17.855 Ans.

2. Bought 8 yards of cloth for $16.25; a pair of shoes for 87 cents; a hat for $4.33; a whip for 42 cents; a knife for 37 cents. How much did I pay for the whole?

Ans. $22.25,5. 3. Bought a cart for $17.62; a wagon, $62; a plough, $7.48; 4 rakes, $1.26; 3 hoes, $2.15; a pitchfork, 87 cents. How much did the whole cost? Ans. $91.88.

4. Purchased a barrel of flour for $9.25; 4 pounds of tea, $2.08; 2 gallons of molasses, 64 cents; 3 pounds of raisins, 37 cents; 9 pounds of sugar, $1.21; 8 yards of calico, $2.23. What is the amount of the whole?

Ans. $15.805.

5. Add forty dollars, sixty-seven cents and three mills; six hundred seventy-nine dollars, twenty-five cents and seven mills; one thousand and four dollars, five cents, and five mills; nine hundred, ninety-nine dollars, thirty-nine cents and nine mills. Ans. $2723.384.

SUBTRACTION OF FEDERAL MONEY.

RULE.

Write the numbers, subtract and point the result as in Subtraction of Decimals.

EXAMPLES.

Art. 96.-1. A man bought 50 bushels of wheat for $125.50; sold it for $145.75. How much did he gain?

Ans. $20.25.

2. Bought 26 bushels of oats for $8.49; sold the same for $8.94. How much did I gain? Ans. $0.45. the sale of him,

3. Purchased a horse for $92; lost on $15.25. For how much did I sell him?

4. Bought 2 barrels of flour for $22.50; aged, I am willing to sell it at $4.25 less. ceive for it?

Ans. $76.75. but, it being damWhat must I reAns. $18.25.

5. Bought 8 yards of cloth for $36; gave a $50 bill. What must I receive in change?

6. Subtract 1 mill from $333.

7. Subtract half of a cent from $100,000.

Ans. $14.

Ans. $332.999.

8. Bought a wood lot for $879; sold the same for $1000.81.How much did I gain?

9. If a man's wages in a year amount to $1434, and he spends $928.45, how much does he save at the end of the year?

10. How much must be added to $32.50 to make $1000 ?

MULTIPLICATION OF FEDERAL MONEY.

RULE.

Write the numbers, and point the product as in Multiplication of Decimals.

EXAMPLES.

Art. 97.—1. How much will six pairs of shoes cost, at $1.37 a pair?

Operation.

1.375

Ans. $8.250

6

It will be seen that the operation is the same as in simple numbers. The product will always be in the lowest denomination of the given sum, until distinguished by points.

2. What will 9 sheep cost, at $3.75 each? Ans. $33.75. 3. How much must be paid for 45 bushels of corn, at $1.37 per bushel?

4. What will 38 pounds of sugar cost, at 13 cents per pound? Ans. $5.13.

5. What will 3 dozen hats cost, at $4.75 each?

6. What will 75 dozen eggs cost, at 15

Ans. $171.

cents a dozen?

7. How much will a man spend in a year, cents a day?

Ans. $11.625. if he spend 12

8. What will 55 yards of broadcloth cost, at $3.87 per

yard?

DIVISION OF FEDERAL MONEY.

RULE.

Write the numbers, and point the quotient as in Division of Decimals.

EXAMPLES.

Art. 98.-1. Bought 8 bushels of wheat for $17.92. How much was it per bushel?

2. Bought 9 pounds of tea for $3.37.

Ans. $2.24. What was it per

3. Bought tea to the amount of $3.371, at 37 What quantity did I buy?

it

4. Bought 14 bushels of corn for $21.75. per bushel ?

cents per lb. Ans. 9 lbs. How much was Ans. $1.50. lime, how much Ans. $1.874. What was paid for Ans. $37.50.

5. If a man pay $38.437 for 20 casks of was it cask? per

6. Bought 6 yoke of oxen for $450.

each ox?

SUPPLEMENT

TO DECIMAL FRACTIONS AND FEDERAL MONEY.

Art. 99.-1. Purchased 49.5 pounds of butter of A., at 12 cents per pound; 37.51 pounds of B., at 183 cents per pound; 155.05 pounds of C., at 20 cents per pound. How many pounds did I buy, and what was the cost of the whole? $44.23+. Ans.242.06 pounds.

{

2. When butter is worth 18 cents 4 mills per pound, how many pounds can be bought for $671.60?

Ans. 3650 pounds.

3. At 9 mills per yard, how many yards of tape can be bought for 45 dollars, 81 cents, 9 mills? Ans. 5091 yds. 4. If 5091 yards of tape be worth $45.819, what is 1 yard worth? Ans. 9 mills.

5. What will 629.21 feet of boards cost, at $20.18 per thousand?

6. What will 36 bushels 9 tenths of corn amount to, at 1 dollar 5 tenths per bushel ? Ans. $55.35. 7. If corn be worth 3 and 5 tenths as much as potatoes, which are worth 25 hundredths of a dollar per bushel, and rye 5 tenths more than corn, and wheat 2 and 4 tenths more than rye, what is the value of wheat? Ans. $3.15.

8. Bought 4 cords of wood for $12.28; 15 pounds of beef for $1.25. How much do I pay for the whole, and how much more for the wood than for the beef?

9. Bought 28 bushels of potatoes, at 28 cents a bushel; 45 bushels of apples at $1.12 per bushel. How much did the whole cost, and how much more did the apples cost than the potatoes? Ans. ($59.027 whole cost. $43.347 difference.

BILLS OF PARCELS.

Art. 100.-It is customary for the merchant, when he delivers goods, to give also a bill of the articles, and their prices, with the amount cast up. Such bills are called Bills of Parcels.

12 yards of broadcloth, at $3.87 per yard. 51 casks of nails, at $5.50 per cask.. 112 pounds of iron, at 91⁄2 cents per pound. 16 pounds of steel, at 18 cents per pound.. 25 pounds of lead, at 94 cents per pound..

...

1 hogshead of sugar, (8 cwt.) at $9.24 per cwt. 2 boxes of glass, at $7.50 per box..

$191.810

COMPOUND NUMBERS.

Art. 101. ALL preceding numbers have been simple; that is, numbers whose sum may be expressed by a certain number of units of one and the same kind, as 256. By reference to Notation, it will be seen, that this expression is 2 hundreds, 5 tens, and 6 units, which, instead of being written separately, are expressed as two hundred and fifty-six units, which are said to be of the same denomination. But if a man have 10 pounds and 2 shillings, he cannot add them so as to make 12 pounds, nor 12 shillings, but they must be expressed separately. So if a man travel 3 miles and 25 rods, the sum is neither 28 miles, nor 28 rods; but they must, in like manner, be expressed, the miles and the rods each by themselves. So of feet and inches, barrels, quarts, and pints. These are called different denominations. Hence, compound numbers are those which treat of quantities consisting of different denominations.

The above denominations of Federal Money are authorized by the laws of the United States; but, in the transaction of business in New England, we seldom hear any of them named but dollars and cents.

"A coin is a piece of money stamped, and having legal value. The coins of the United States are, three of gold; the eagle, half-eagle, and quarter-eagle; five of silver, the dollar, half-dollar, quarter-dollar, dime, and half-dime; and two of copper, the cent and half-cent. Of the small foreign coins current in the United States, the most common are the New England four-pence-halfpenny, or New York sixpence, worth 64 cents; and the New England ninepence, or New York shilling, worth 12 cents. The value of the several denominations of English money is different in different places. A dollar is reckoned at 4s. 6d. in England; 5s. in Canada; 68. in New England, Virginia, and Kentucky; 8s. in New York, Ohio, and North Carolina; 78. 6d. in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland; and 4s. 8d. in South Carolina and Georgia."