6. Willard purchased 3 geese for $6.00. The geese laid 30 eggs and hatched 25 goslings. Of this number, 12 did not live. He sold the remainder in the fall for $2.00 each. How much did he receive for the young geese?

7. Willard's feed bill in addition to what he himself supplied, was 50 cents. He still had the old geese. What were his net

profits on the geese?

8. Ida bought 15 hens and made a profit of $7.85 from eggs. What was the average profit for each hen?

9. Harry had a plot of potatoes in the summer of 1916. His expenses were $1.85. He raised 24 bushels of potatoes and sold them at $1.20 per bushel. What were his profits?

10. Hilda cultivated 1.2 square rods of flowers. Her receipts were $14.95 and her expenses only 27 cents for seed. Find her net profits.

11. Find Hilda's net profit per square rod. How much would she have made on of an acre (16 square rods) at the same rate?

12. Harold planted a plot of 46.5 square rods of onion sets. His crop was 103.5 bushels, which he sold for 90 cents per bushel. What were his receipts for the onion sets?

13. Louis paid 75 cents to have his plot of land plowed. His other expenses were 38 cents for seed corn and 50 cents for planting. He raised 50 bushels of corn which he sold at 75 cents a bushel. How much did he clear on his farm project?

14. Walter and his sister, Viola, raised of an acre of potatoes. They sold them for 60 cents a bushel and received $27 for their entire crop. How many bushels did they raise?

15. William raised chickens one year. He sold $18.00 worth of eggs and $8.00 worth of young chickens. His feed cost him $7.75. How much profit did he make on the chickens?

16. Robert raised 5 bushels of popcorn which he sold to a grocer for $1.50 a bushel. The grocer re-sold the corn at 5 cents a pound. Had Robert sold the corn direct to the customers at that price, how much greater would have been his receipts? (A bushel of popcorn on the cob weighs 70 pounds.)

17. At a total cost of $6.20, Arthur purchased from pupils in his district a load of vegetables which he sold in the city as follows: radishes, 75 cents; lettuce, 65 cents; spinnach, 50 cents; beans, $2.00; peppers, $1.00; tomatoes, $1.50; beets, 90 cents, and corn, 60 cents. What profit did he make on the load?

18. A housekeeper purchased from Ruth 126 pounds of string beans at 5 cents a pound and canned them in 70 quart cans. What did each quart cost her?

19. What would have been Ruth's gain had she canned her own goods in pint cans costing 2 cents each and sold them at the market price of 10 cents a pound?

20. Mabel had of an acre planted in onions. She sold them as follows:

August 31, 6 bags at 90 cents each
October 4, 10 bags at $1.60 each
November 10, 15 bags at $2.00 each

November 27, 5 bags at $2.20 each

What were her total receipts? How many bags did she sell? What was the average price she received per bag?

21. Emma bought 30 cents worth of yarn and took charge of the family darning for the year. The family made the following purchases: 6 pairs of woolen hose at 75 cents each; 6 pairs of cotton hose at 25 cents each, and 9 pairs of lisle hose at 3 for $1.00. How much did her work add to the family saving, if darning doubles the life of a stocking?

22. There were 14 girls in a sewing club. They purchased the necessary material for their dresses together. The bill for the total amount was as follows:

35 yards gingham at 18 cents per yard

7 yards plain gingham for trimming at 25 cents per yard

14 cards buttons at 6 cents each

3 patterns at 15 cents each

7 spools white thread at 5 cents each

7 bolts seam tape at 10 cents each

Find the total cost. Find the cost for each dress.

23. Twelve pupils in one school reported the following receipts from the sale of their garden products: $58.60; $29.25; $72.00; $21.60; $27.21; $5.00; $1.61; $12.55; $15.82; $2.75; $50.00, and $4.89. Find the total amount earned by the pupils of this school.

24. What was the average amount earned by each pupil? If 15,000,000 pupils in the United States averaged that amount, how much would be the earnings from this source alone?

25. Evelyn made an apron in a sewing class. She bought 2 yards of gingham at 15 cents a yard, a card of braid for 5 cents, and a spool of thread for 5 cents. She sold her apron for 60 cents. How much did she gain?

26. Meta made an apron, costing as follows: 1 yards of gingham at 12 cents a yard; braid 5 cents; thread 5 cents. She sold her apron for 50 cents. What was her profit?

27. Which girl made the greater profit, Evelyn or Meta? How much more?

28. Wallace worked 2 hours Monday, 3 hours Tuesday, 4 hours Wednesday, 3 hours Thursday, and 24 hours Friday. He received 15 cents an hour for his work How much did his wages amount to in the five days?

Exercise 1. Measures of Length

1. If you were asked to find the length of your desk, what sort of measure would you use?

2. Measure the length and width of the top of your desk. How long is it? How wide is it?

3. When you go to a dry goods store to buy dress goods or ribbon, what measure does the clerk use? The clerk states the price of the dress goods or the ribbon at a certain number of cents or dollars a

-?

4. What unit of measure is usually used to express the width of a piece of ribbon or dress goods?

5. What would be the most convenient measure to use for measuring the length or width of your school room? Measure the length and width as suggested by the answers to this question.

If two or more measures are suggested, try both and decide which is the most convenient measure for that purpose.

6. Two boys wish to measure off the exact distance for a mile race. What measure should they use in order to measure it quickly and accurately?

7. Suppose that the boys were able to find only a yard stick and a ball of wrapping twine. Tell how they could make a more convenient measure than a yard stick for measuring such a long distance.

You have already seen the necessity for having different measures for measuring different kinds of distances. In order that we may be able to compare distances expressed in different units of measure, we need to know how many units of one kind make another kind of unit.

A girl in describing her garden plot said it was 33 feet long and 20 feet wide. A boy in the same class stated the length of his garden as 10 yards and the width as 8 yards.

8. Which plot was the longer?

9. Which plot was the wider?

You have already used most of the measures of length. You will find it convenient now to review these measures1 of length by putting them in the form of a table.

12 inches (in.) = 1 foot (ft.)

3 feet=1 yard (yd.)

5 yards or 16 feet = 1 rod (rd.)

320 rods or 5280 feet=1 mile

10. Draw a straight line on your tablet, freehand, as nearly 4 inches long as you can estimate it. Measure it with a ruler and see how much too long or too short it is.

1In olden times the length of an inch was found by placing three grains of barley lengthwise in a line. A certain king declared that his foot should be the unit for measuring length. The length of the yard is also supposed to be the length of the arm of one of the old English kings. In modern times, we need more exact measurements and all of our rulers, tapelines, carpenter's squares, etc., are supposed to agree with standard measures of length which are kept in the government buildings at Washington.

"Carpenters, architects and machinists use the sign" as an abbreviation for inches and the sign' for feet. For example, 3′ 6′′ means 3 feet 6 inches.