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4. What will be the total cost of: 1 sack flour $13, sugar 1, dried beef $, and corned beef?

5. A boy is 4 ft. 5 in. tall. His sister is 3 ft. 5 in. tall. How much taller is the boy than his sister?

6. The top of a door is 121 feet above the ground, and the bottom of it is 4 feet above the ground. How high is the door?

7. Four loads of coal weighed as follows: 2 tons, 11⁄2 tons, 21 tons, and 21 tons. How much did the four loads weigh? 8. The rainfall in April was 4 inches, in May 3 inches, and in June 41⁄2 inches. What was the total rainfall for the three months?

9. From a barrel containing 51 gallons of oil, 171⁄2 gallons were sold in one day, and 251 gallons another day. How many gallons remained unsold?

10. A station agent who was paid $60 per month spent in one month $12 for groceries, $7 for meat, and $15 for other expenses. How much did he save ?

11. A farmer drives in one day 12

miles, then 67 miles, and then 91⁄2 miles. How far does he drive?

12. To the sum of 229 and 15 add their difference.

13. From 3854 take the sum of 163 and 1211.

14. The feed for a horse cost $5 per month; for a cow, $4 per month. If a man has 2 horses and 2 cows, how much will it cost to feed them a month?

15. A boy walked from his home east along a certain road 13 miles. He then walked to a place 24 miles west of his home. How far had he walked when he got home?

16. A man purchased a chair for $43, a stove for $61, a table for $81, and a bookcase for $12.00. How much did they cost?

17. When a grocer receives a $10 bill in payment for sugar $, vegetables $1, fruits $, rice $1, and cakes $11, how much change does he give?

18. A student in the city in one month paid $4 for car fare, $181 for board, $7 for room, $2g for laundry, and $61 for books. How much did his expenses amount to during that month?

19. During the same month he earned $30 by tutoring, $18 by selling books, and $12, by chemical work. How much did he have left after paying expenses?

20. In 3 days in June the sun hours, 14 hours, and 1418 hours. shine were there in these 3 days? sunshine were there?

shone in New York 143 How many hours of sunHow many hours without

MULTIPLICATION OF FRACTIONS Multiplying a fraction by a whole number.

2

3 feet = Iyard

1. Into how many halves is the square divided?

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6. Into how many feet is the yard divided?

7. What is one of these parts called?

8. What are two parts called?

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13. 4

14. 6 × 1

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yard.

yards.

circles.

=- circles.

is the same as 1 + 1 + 1 + 12.

=

, or 3. Therefore to multiply by 6, we say

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We have learned that we may divide a unit into any number of parts and then take any number of these parts; thus, of $60 means that $60 (60 units) is divided into 4 equal parts of $15 each and that 3 of these parts, or $45, are taken.

Since of $60 $15, of $60 = 3 × $15 or $45.

=

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16. If I wish to find

of 4, into how many parts do I divide 4? How do I find one of these parts? Divide

4 by 3.

17. Explain what you mean by of a number; by of a number; by of a number.

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Which number is the multiplicand? Observe that of 8

gives the same result.

We find a fractional part of a number by partition.

If the sign of multiplication is written after a fractional multiplier, it may be read "of." Thus, × 12 may be read" of 12.”

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1. A merchant owing $1200 gave his check for of the For how much did he write his check?

amount.

2. Three men own 2500 acres of land. The first owns of

it, the second of the remainder, and the third the remainder.

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How many acres does each own?

3. If a laborer works of the days in a common year, many days does he work?

how

4. A student's expenses at college are $480 per year. If board and tuition cost of that amount, how much is spent for room rent, books, etc.?

5. A contractor agrees to erect a building for $24,570. Labor costs of the amount, material of the remainder. Find his profit.

6. § of the entire enrollment of 14,720 in school are girls. Find the number of girls and the number of boys.

7.

rent bill.

of $960 is paid in a year for rent.

Find the monthly

8. An automobile cost $3456 and the expenses and repairs for one year were of the cost. Find the expenses.

9. A western farmer bought a farm of 160 acres, at $25 an acre. He erected a house costing as much as the land, and a barn costing as much as the house. Find the total cost of the property.

Finding a number when a fractional part of it is given.

1. of a flock of sheep are 40. Find the number in the flock.

SOLUTION. Since two thirds of the flock equal 40 sheep, one third of the flock equals of 40 sheep, or 20 sheep, and three thirds, or the flock, equal 3 × 20 sheep, or 60 sheep.

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