STERLING MONEY. 1. If a boy has 3 shillings and 9 pence given him, and he pays out 2 shillings and six pence; how much has he left? Ans. 1s. 3d. S. d. 2 6 Ans. 1s. 3d. Proof. 3s. 9d. DEM.-It is plain, by taking 6 pence from 9 pence there will 3 pence remain; and by taking 2 shillings from 3 shillings, 1 shilling must remain; and, because the difference between the pence is three pence; and the difference between the shillings, 1 shilling; the whole difference must be 1 shilling and three pence. 2. A man lent his neighbour 4 pounds, 6 shillings and 8 pence; he afterwards received 2 pounds, 16 shillings and 9 pence; what is yet his due? Ans. £1 9s. 11d. £ S. d. 4 6 8 2 16 9 Ans. 1 9 11 Proof. 4 6 8 DEM. The pence in the subtrahend exceeding the pence in the minuend, we subtract the 9 pence from twelve, (the number which it takes to make a unit in shillings,) by saying, 9 from 12, 3, and to 3, the difference, we add 8, the pence in the minuend, which gives 11 pence to set down in the place of pence; we then add 1 to the shillings in the subtrahend, and say 17 from 20, (the number of shillings which it takes to make a pound,) 3 is the difference, to which we add 6, the shillings in the minuend; we then have 9 shillings to set down, and we add I to the pounds in the subtrahend; we then say, 3 from 4 leaves 1, which we set directly under. The 12 pence which we add to the minuend are just equal to the 1 shilling which we add to the subtrahend, so that it is adding equals to both the given sums; and adding equals to both, the difference must ever remain the same; this, however by some, is called borrowing. 3. £ S. d. qrs. 46 16 11 2 10 18 10 Ans. 35 18 0 3 3 NOTE. The student should bear in mind that the principles here are the same as in simple numbers, only that it takes different numbers here, to make a unit in the next higher; as in farthings, it takes 4 to make a unit in pence; and in pence, it takes 12 to to make a unit in shillings; and in shillings it takes 20 to make a unit in pounds. 12. Borrowed £29 16s., and paid £16 11s. 9d.; how much remains due? Ans. £13 4s. 3d. 13. From £397 16s. 6d.; take £144 11s. 4d. 3qrs. Ans. £253 5s. 1d. 1qr. 14. From seven pounds; take seven pencé, three farthings. Ans. £6 19s. 4d. 1qr. 15. How much does eighty nine pounds, sixteen shillings, eleven pence, three farthings, exceed forty eight pounds, leven shillings, ten pence, two farthings? Ans. £41 5s. 1d. 1qr. 16. From one thousand pounds; take one farthing. Ans. £999 19s. 11d. 3qrs. 17. How much does two thousand pounds, exceed 19s. 61d.? Ans. 1999 Os. 51d. TROY WEIGHT. 1. From 8lb. 11oz. 16pwt. 19gr.; take 1lb. 5oz. 12pwt. 23gr. Ans. 71b. 6oz. 3pwt. 20gr. EXAMPLES, Showing the use of Compound Addition and Subtraction. 1. Lent a friend at one time £13 16s. 8d., at another, £35 10s. 6d., he paid at one time, £10 10s. 11d., at another, £9 3s. 6d. ; how much remains due? Ans. £29 12s. 9d. 2. A man had 375 acres 2 roods of land, but one of his sons, marrying, he gave him 145 acres; how much had he left? Ans. 230 acres 2 roods. 3. Borrowed $375,50cts., paid at one time $95,20cts., at another $81,10cts.; how much remains due? Ans. $199,20cts. 4. A gentleman paid his 3 labourers as follows, viz: A he gave £11 13s. 6d. ; B he gave 13s. and 6d. more than A; and C he gave as much as A and B both; how much did the gentleman pay out? Ans. £48 1s. 5. James was bound as an apprentice for 6 years and 7 months, he served 3 years and 9 months, and then bought his time; how much time had he to pay for? Ans. 2 years 10 months. 6. A merchant put in a bin 47 bushels and 3 pecks of corn; he afterwards sold out 25 bushels and 1 peck; how much had he left in the bin? Ans. 22bu. 2pk. 7. From a piece of cloth containing 47 yards 2 quarters, a merchant sold four suits, each 6 yards 2 quarters; how much of the piece remains unsold? Ans. 21 yds. 2qrs. 8. A gentleman left his son 1005 pounds more than his daughter whose portion was 4475 pounds 10 shillings; what was the son's portion, and what was the whole estate? Ans. £5480 10s. the son's portion. £9956 the whole estate. 9. From 11 years 6 months 11 days, take 10 years 6 months 29 days? Ans. 11 months 12 days. 10. The revolutionary war broke out between Great Britain and the United States April 19th, 1775, and the treaty. of peace was ratified January 20th 1783; how long did the war last? Ans. 7 years 9 months 1 day. COMPOUND MULTIPLICATION, Is repeating a number of different denominations a certain proposed number of times, or it is the shortest method of performing compound addition where the same number is to be repeated. |