22. How many days are there in 36 months, reckoning 30 days to a month? 23. If 1 barrel of flour weighs 192 pounds, how much will 200 barrels weigh? 24. Multiply 4376 by 2500. CASE IV. When the multiplicand has ciphers on the right. Operation. 12000 31 12 36 Suggestion. 12000 is a composite number, the factors of which are 12 and 1000. Now the product of two or more numbers is the same in whatever order they are multiplied; (Art. 47;) consequently multiplying the factor 12 by 31, and this product by 1000, will give the same result as 12000 x 31. Thus 31 times 12 are 372; then annexing three ciphers, we have 372000, which is the same as 12000 x 37. Hence, Ans. 372000 61. When there are ciphers on the right of the multiplicand. Multiply the significant figures of the multiplicand by the multiplier, and to the product annex as many ciphers as there are on the right of the multiplicand. OBS. When the multiplier and multiplicand both have ciphers on the right, multiply the significant figures together, and to their product annex as many ciphers as there are on the right of both factors. 28. Multiply 370000 by 32. 29. Multiply 8120000 by 46. 30. Multiply 56300000 by 64. 31. Multiply 623000000 by 89. 32. What is the product of 54000 into 700? Ans. 37800000. QUEST.-61. When there are ciphers on the right of the multiplicand, how proceed? Obs. How, when there are ciphers on the right both of the multiplier and multiplicand? 33. Multiply 4300 by 600. Ans. 2580000. ART. 63. Ex. 1. How many oranges, at 3 cents apiece, can you buy for 12 cents? Suggestion. If 3 cents buy one orange, 12 cents will buy as many oranges as there are 3 cents in 12 cents; that is, as many as 3 is contained times in 12. contained in 12, 4 times. Ans. 4 oranges. Now 3 is 2. How many lemons, at 4 cents apiece, can you buy for 20 cents? Suggestion. To find how many times 4 cents are contained in 20 cents, think how many times 4 make 20, or what number multiplied by 4, produces 20. 3. At 3 dollars per yard, how many yards of cloth can be bought for 15 dollars? 4. How many hats, at 5 dollars apiece, can you buy for 30 dollars ? 5. How many barrels of flour will 36 bushels of wheat make, allowing 4 bushels to one barrel? 6. If you pay 6 cents a mile for riding in a stage, how far can you ride for 48 cents? 7. If a pound of sugar costs 7 cents, how many pounds can you buy for 56 cents? 8. How many slates, at 8 cents a piece, can you buy for 40 cents ? 9. Four quarts make one gallon: how many gallons are there in 48 quarts? 10. At 7 dollars a ton, how many tons of coal bought for 63 dollars? can be 11. How many pair of boots, at 2 dollars a pair, can be bought for 24 dollars? for 22? 20? 18? 16? 14? 12? 10? 12. How many barrels of cider, at 3 dollars a barrel, can you buy for 36 dollars? for 30? 27? 24? 21? 18? 15? 12? 13. How many quarts of milk, at 4 cents a quart, can you buy for 48 cents? for 44? 40? 36? 32? 28? 24? 20? 16? 14. At 5 cents an ounce, how many ounces of wafers can you buy for 60 cents? for 55? 50? 45? 40? 35? 30? 25 ? 15. At 6 shillings a pair, how many pair of gloves can be bought for 60 shillings? for 54? 48? 42? 36? 30? 24? 18? 16. How many pounds of butter, at 7 cents a pound, can be purchased for 63 cents? 56? 49? 42? 35? 28? 21? 14? 17. How many cloaks will 72 yards of cloth make, allowing 8 yards to a cloak ? how many 64 ? 56? 48? 40? 32? 24? 18. How many cows, at 9 dollars apiece, can be bought for 81 dollars? for 72? 63? 54? 45? 36? 27? 18? 9? 19. How many times is 4 contained in 36? 48? 40? 20. How many times is 8 contained in 40? 56? 48? 64? 72 ? 21. In 25, how many times 4, and how many over ? Ans. 6 times and 1 over. 22. In 34, how many times 5, and how many over? In 43 45? 37? 28? 39 ? 23. In 23, how many times 3, and how many over? How many times 4? 2? 10? 6? 24. In 24, how many times 7, and how many over? 6 5 9 12? 2? 25. In 36, how many times 6? 7? 3? 8? 12? 5? 9? 26. In 32, how many times 6? 4? 3? 16? 27. How many hats, at 6 dollars apiece, can be bought for 60 dollars? 28. How many tons of hay, at 9 dollars per ton, can you buy for 81 dollars? 29. If you travel 7 miles an hour, how long will it take to travel 70 miles? 30. If you pay 10 cents apiece for slates, how many can you buy for 95 cents, and how many cents over? 31. George bought 12 oranges which he wishes to divide equally between his 2 brothers: how many can he give to each? Suggestion. Since there are 12 oranges to be divided equally between 2 boys, each boy must receive 1 orange as often as 2 oranges are contained in 12 oranges; that is, each must receive as many oranges as 2 is contained times in 12. But 2 is contained in 12, 6 times; for 6 times 2 make 12. Ans. They received 6 oranges apiece. 32. Henry has 15 apples, which he wishes to divide equally among 3 of his companions: how many can he give to each? 33. A gentleman sent 20 peaches to be divided equally among 4 boys: how many did each boy receive? 34. A dairy woman having 30 pounds of butter, wish es to pack it in 5 boxes, so that each box shall have an equal number of pounds: how many pounds must she put in each box? 35. I have 21 acres of land, which I wish to fence into 7 equal lots: how many acres must I put into each lot? 36. A boy having 28 marbles, wished to distribute them into 4 equal piles: how many must he put in a pile ? 37. I have 40 peach-trees, which I wish to set out in 5 equal rows: how many must I set in a row? 38 There were 45 scholars in a certain school, and the teacher divided them into 5 equal classes: how many did he put in a class? 39. İf 50 dollars were divided equally among 10 men, how many dollars would each man receive? 40. A company of 8 boys buying a boat for 32 dollars, agreed to share the expense equally: how much must each one pay? 41. In a certain orchard there are 54 apple-trees, and 6 trees in each row: how many rows are there in the orchard? 42. If 63 quills are divided equally among 7 pupils, how many will each receive ? 43. If you divide 36 into 4 equal parts, there be in a part? 44. If you divide 56 into 8 equal parts, each part contain ? how many will how many will 45. If you divide 48 into 6 equal parts, how many will each part contain? 46. A gentleman distributed 40 dollars equally among 8 beggars: how many dollars did he give to each? 47. A company of 6 boys found a pocket-book, and on returning it to its owner, he handed them 60 dollars to be shared equally among them: what was each one's share? 48. A merchant received 72 dollars for 6 coats of equal value: how much was that apiece? 49. A man paid 81 cents for the use of a horse and buggy to ride 9 miles: how much was that a mile? 50. If you divide 90 dollars into 10 equal parts, how many dollars will there be in each part? |