Divide £127 by 10, the same by 11, and again by 12. Note.-To find the (half), (quarter), (one fifth), or (a sixth) part, divide by 2 for, by 4 for 1, by 5 for, by 6 for z.

Find the,,, and th part of £4 15s.

When the Divisor is more than 12, observe the work of these examples, and note, in particular, where the odd s. d. and f. are taken in.

Divide £274 15s. 6d. by 27.

Divide £5000 among 375 men equally.

If 473 yards cost £44 6s. 10 d., what cost one? Bought 907 oranges for £7 11s. 2d., what cost one? At £16 14s. 10 d. for 342 lbs., what cost one?

C

REDUCTION.

Reduction is the bringing of numbers of one denomination, into numbers of another denomination, retaining the same value.

RULE 1. To reduce to a less denomination, multiply by as many of the next less as make one of the greater; for instance, to reduce pounds to farthings, bring the pounds into shillings, the shillings into pence, and the pence into farthings, and when there are any shillings, pence, and farthings with the pounds add them to their respective denominations. Prove the following examples by Division:

Examples.

Reduce £27 into farthings. Reduce £5 17s. 6d. into fars.

£.

£. s. d.

In £9 how many shillings, pence, and farthings? A. 180s. 2160d. and 8640f.

In £7 14s. 6d. how many farthings? A. 7417f. Reduce £46 14s. 94d. into farthings. A. 44871f. Reduce £50 9s. 94d. into half-pence. A. 24235. What number of half-pence in £3124 19s? A. 1499976. In 900 guineas how many sixpences and pence ? A. 37800 sixpences, 226800d.

Reduce £160 15s. 6d. into sixpences. A. 6431.

RULE 2.-To bring a less denomination to a greater; divide by as many of the less as make one of the next greater. Thus, to bring farthings into pounds, first divide by 4, for pence; divide the pence by 12 for shillings; lastly divide the shillings by 20 for pounds. Prove the examples to this rule by Multiplication.

Examples.

In 8640 farthings how many pence, shillings, and pounds? A. 2160d., 180s., £9.

In 7417 farthings how many pounds? A. £7 14s. 6d. Reduce 44871 farthings into pounds. A. £46 14s. 9‡d. Reduce 24325 half-pence into pounds. A. £50 9s. 9‡d. Reduce 6431 sixpences into pounds. A. £160 15s. 6d. Reduce 10905 twopences into pounds. A. £90 17s. 6d. In 720d. how many shillings and crowns? A. 60s. 12cr. Reduce 12600d. into groats, shillings, and crowns. A. 3150 gr. 1050s. 210 cr.

Reduce 5160 groats into shillings, crowns, and pounds. A. 1720s. 344cr. £86.

How many shillings and guineas are in 4284d. ? A. 357s. 17 guineas.

How many crowns and pounds are in 11 20 sixpences ? A. 112 cr. £28.

For both Rules.

In 720 shillings how many pence and crowns ? A. 8640d. 144 cr.

In 612 half-crowns how many crowns and pence? A. 306 crowns, 18360d.

In 40 guineas how many shillings, crowns, and pounds? A. 840s. 168 cr. £42.

Reduce 12600 pence into shillings, groats, and crowns. A. 1050s. 3150 grs. 210 cr.

How many crowns, groats, and pounds in 1720 shillings? A. 344 cr. 5 160 gro. £86.

Change 755 crowns into guineas, and then sovereigns. A. 179 gui. 16s. 188 sov. 15s.

In 500 guineas, as many sovereigns, and as many shillings, how many half-crowns? A. 8400.

Add 5oz. 12

53 oz.

TROY WEIGHT.

Reduce 4 lbs. 5 oz. 16 dwts. 17 grs. to grains.

Proof 2,0

24)25841 (107,6 dwts. 17grs.

In 47 lb. 10 oz. how many grains? A. 275520 grs. In 47128 grains of gold how many lbs. ? A. 8 lbs. 2 oz. 3 dwts. 16 grs.

AVOIRDUPOISE WEIGHT.

In 6 Tons. 12 cwt. 3 qrs. 15 lbs. how many lbs? 6 tons. 12 cwts. 3 qrs. 15 lbs.

20 Add 12

In 7 cwt. 3 qrs. 10 lb. how many ounces and drams? A. 14048 oz., 224768 drs.

In 6720 lb. of iron how many tons?

A. 3 tons.

APOTHECARIES WEIGHT.

In 12 lb. 1 3. 2 3. 09. 1 gr. how many grains? A. 69721 grains.

In 16972 grs. how many lbs? A. 21b.11oz.2dr.2sc.12gs.