13. What cost 48 bushels of corn at 56 cents a bushel? Ans. 2688 cents. Why? Say, if one bushel cost 56 cents, 48 bushels will cost 48 times 56 cents.

NOTE. If you point off two figures to the right for cents, all to the left of the point will be dollars; thus, 2688 cents=$26.88, read 26 dollars and 88 cents.

14. What are 247 bushels of wheat worth at 96 cents a bushel? Ans. $237.12. Why? Say, if one bushel cost 96 cents, the whole price will be 96 times as many cents as there are bushels.

15. In a certain corn field there are 248 rows, and 87 hills in each row; how many hills are there in the field? Ans. 21576 hills. Why? Say, if there are 87 hills in one row, there must be 87 times as many hills as there are rows.

16. There are 69 pieces of cloth, each piece containing 112 yards; how many yards are there in all? Ans. 7728 yards. Why? If there are 112 yards in one piece, in 69 pieces there will be 69 times 112 yards.

17. What will 421 bushels of wheat cost at 135 cents a bushel? Ans. $568.35. Why?

18. Suppose 24 men can build a certain wall in 36 days; in how many days can one man do it? Ans. 864 days. Why? If it takes 36 days for 24 men to build a wall, it will take 24 times 36 days for one man to do it.

19. How many days' work can 16 men do in 29 days? Ans. 464 days' work. Why? Since one man can do 29 days' work in 29 days, 16 men can do 16 times 29 days' work in the same time.

20. There are 24 hours in a day; how many hours in 75 days? Why?

21. There are 52 weeks in a year; how many weeks in 37 years? Why?

22. Bought 23 bales of cloth, each containing 46 pieces, and each piece 25 yards; how many yards in all? Ans. 26450 yards. Why?

23. A merchant bought 235 yards of cloth for which he paid 276 cents a yard; what did the whole amount to. Ans. $648.60. Why?

24. What will 784 chests of tea cost, at 69 dollars a chest? Ans. $54096. Why?

C*

25. What cost 28 bushels of potatoes at 45 cents a bushel? Why?

26. What will 56 yards of cloth cost at 235 cents a yard? Ans. $131.60. Why?

27. A merchant bought one piece of cloth containing 69 yards, at $2.75 per yard, and another containing 56 yards, at $3.84 per yard; what did the whole cost? Ans. $404.79. 28. Suppose I buy 27 bags of coffee, each containing 126 pounds, and then sell 1678 pounds; how much will I have left? Ans. 1724 pounds.

29. Multiply 68 by 37, and then add 426 to the product. Ans. 2942. 30. Multiply 46 by 38, and 76 by 23, and add the products together. Ans. 3496. 31. Multiply 75 by 39, and 64 by 43, and subtract the less product from the greater.

Ans. 173.

32. A man who had $156, bought 14 barrels of flour at $6 a barrel, 4 cords of wood at $4, a cord, and 9 yards of cloth at $3 a yard; how much money had he left? Ans. $29.

DIVISION.

QUESTIONS TO BE ANSWERED ORALLY.

1. A farmer paid 24 dollars for some sheep, at 3 dollars a-piece; how many sheep did he buy? Why? Since 3 dollars will buy one sheep, 24 dollars will buy as many sheep as there are threes in 24.

2. A man paid 28 dollars for some wood, giving 4 dollars a cord; how many cords did he buy? Why? Since 4 dollars will buy one cord, 28 dollars will buy as many cords as there are 4s in 28.

3. How many yards of cloth, at 7 dollars a yard can you buy for 56 dollars? Ans. 8 yards. Why?

4. If a man travel 3 miles in a hour, how many hours will

he be in travelling 39 miles? Ans. 13 hours.

Why?

5. How many pounds of sugar, at 3 cents a pound, can you buy for 72 cents? Why?

6. If a man can earn 16 dollars in one month, in how many months can he earn 80 dollars? Why?

7. A man had 91 dollars, which he gave for cloth, paying 7 dollars a yard; how many yards did he buy? Why?

8. A boy had 72 nuts, which he gave to his companions, each boy receiving 6 nuts; how many boys were there? Why?

9. How many lead pencils could you buy for 42 cents if they are sold at 6 cents a-piece? Why? Say, if 6 cents will pay for one pencil, as many times 6 as there are in 42, so many pencils 42 cents will pay for.

10. In a certain orchard there are 117 trees, and 13 trees in each row; how many rows are there? Why? Say, since it takes 13 trees to make one row, as many times 13 as there are in 117, so many rows will 117 trees make.

11. If you divide 48 apples equally among 8 boys, how many will each boy have? Why? Say, since it would take 8 apples to give each boy one, as many times 8 as there are in 48, so many apples will each boy receive.

12. If you have 65 cents to pay for beef, at 5 cents a pound, how many pounds can you buy? Why?

13. Suppose 12 men are to receive 156 dollars for doing a certain piece of work, how much will each man receive? Why?

14. A man sold some sheep at 5 dollars a-piece, and received 80 dollars for the whole; how many sheep were there? Why?

15. A man bought 12 gallons of brandy for 36 dollars; how much was that a gallon? Why? Since it would take 12 dollars to pay one dollar a gallon, the price will be as many times one dollar as there one 12s in 36.

16. A man received 132 dollars for working 12 months, how much was that a month? Why?

17. If you had 75 dollars, how many barrels of flour could you buy at 5 dollars a barrel? Why?

18. How many pounds of coffee at 16 cents a pound can you buy for $1.28? Why?

19. When hay is 13 dollars a ton, how many tons can you purchase for 78 dollars? Why?

20. If an orange is worth as much as 5 apples, how many

oranges are 60 apples worth? Why?

Since 5 apples are

-worth one orange, as many times 5 as there are in 60, so many oranges are 60 apples worth.

21. If one man can do a piece of work in 40 days, in how many days can 5 men do the same? Why? Since 5 men can do 5 days' work in one day, as many times 5 as there are in 40, so many days would 5 men require to do 40 days' work.

22. A man paid 98 cents for a horse to ride 14 miles; how much was that a mile? Why?

23. If a horse eats 8 quarts of oats in one day, in how many days will he eat 96 quarts? Why?

24. A man has 84 gallons of beer, which he wished to put into kegs, each of which would hold 7 gallons; how many kegs would he require? Why? Since it requires one keg to hold 7 gallons, he will require as many kegs as there are 7s in 84.

25. 14 men agreed to pay in equal shares for a horse worth 126 dollars; how much did each pay? Why? Since it would take 14 dollars for each man to pay 1 dollar, as many times 14 dollars as there are in 126, so many dollars each man must pay.

26. If 4 yards of cloth will make a cloak, how many cloaks will 56 yards make? Why?

27. If you had a vessel containing 96 gallons of wine, having a pipe which discharges 8 gallons in an hour; in how many hours would it discharge the 96 gallons? Why?

28. If a man perform a journey in 72 hours, how many days will he require to do it if he travel 9 hours a day? Why? 29. In 36, how many times 4? how many times 9, 12, 6? 30. 48 are how many times 8, 12, 16, 4, 3, 6 ?

31. 24 are how many times 8, 6, 3, 4, 12?

32. 72 are how many times 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 2, 3, 4, 6? 33. 96 are how many times 8, 12, 16, 24, 4?

34. 84 are how many times 7, 12, 14, 28, 3, 4?
35. 144 are how many times 12, 16, 18, 8, 9, 24, 6?
36. 80 are how many times 8, 10, 16, 5, 4, 20 ?

37. 60 are how many times 5, 6, 12, 15, 20 ?

MENTAL ARITHMETIC.

1. If an orange cost 6 cents, what will one-half of it be worth?

2. What is one-half of 6?

What do you understand by the term one

half? Ans. If any thing, or any number be divided into two equal parts, one of these parts is called one-half.

How many halves make the whole of any thing?

3. 3 is what part of 6? Ans. 3 is the half of 6, because two 3s make 6, and two halves make the whole.

4. If a cord of wood cost 8 dollars, what will half a cord cost? What is one-half of 8? How do you find one-half of any number? Ans. divide it by 2. 5. What is one half 12, of 14, 6. How many times 2 in 7? 7. What part of 2 is 1 ? 8. What is one-half of 9? 9. What is of 5?

of 16, of 24, of 26, of 28? Ans. 3 twos and 1 over.

Ans. 1 is one-half of 2. Ans. 4 and one-half, 4. Ans. 2.

10. What is of 13, of 17, of 19, of 25, of 27, of 29? 11. If a peach cost 3 cents, what is one-third

of it worth? What is one-third of three?

12. What are we to understand by the term onethird? Ans. If any thing or any number be divided

into three equal parts, one of those parts is called one-third, and two of them two-thirds.

13. If a yard of cloth cost 6 dollars, what is one-third of it worth? What is one-third (3) of 6, two-thirds (3) of 6? 14. How do you find one-third (3) of any number? Ans. divide it by 3.

15. What is one-third (3) of 12? two-thirds of 12?

16. What part of 12 is 4, is 8? Why is 4, of 12? Ans. because three times 4 make 12, and three-thirds make the whole of any thing, or any number.

17. What is of 6, of 9, of 12, of 15, of 18, of 24, of 27, of 30?

18. What is of 36, of 36, 3 of 6, 3 of 18, 4 of 15, † of 9, of 39?

19. 2 is of what number?

of? 13, 14, 15?

What number is 8 the