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1LIX. TO REDUCE DECIMALS OF HIGHER DENOMINATIONS TO WHOLE NUMBERS OF LOWER DENOMINA

TIONS.

This rule is the reverse of the last.

Let us take the answer to the first example. Reduce ,775€ to whole numbers of lower denominations.

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Q. How do you proceed?

RULE.

4. Multiply the given decimal as in Reduction; that is, pounds by what makes a pound, ounces by what makes an ounce, &c.

Q. How many places do you point off in each product for decimals 1 A. As many as there are decimal places in the given decimal.

Q. Where will you find the answer?

A. The several denominations on the left hand of the decimal points will be the answer.

More Exercises for the Slate.

The following examples are formed by taking the answers in the last rule; of course, the answers in this may be found in the examples of that. The examples in each are numbered so as to correspond.

2. Reduce,378125€. to whole numbers of lower denoming Kions. (For Ans. see ex. No. 2, ¶ LVIII.)

3. What is the value of 25 of a pound?
4. What is the value of ,003125 of a pound?
5. What is the value of,6875 of a yard?
6. What is the value of ,375 of a dollar?
7. What is the value of 9375 of a yard?
8. What is the value of 7375 of a pound Troy!

Application of the two foregoing Rules.

1. What will 4 yards of cloth cost, in pounds, at 7-s. 6 d. 1 yard? 78. 6 d., reduced to a decimal,=,375£. × 4 yda. £1,500

20

10,000 Ans, 1£. 10's.

2. At $6 a cwt., what will 2 cwt. 2 grs. of rice cost? A. $15 3. At $20 a ton, what will 15 cwt. 2 qrs. of hay cost?

A. $15,50 4. What cost 6 cwt. 0 qr. 7 lbs. of sugar, at $11,25 a cwt.?

A. $68,203+

5. What cost 60 gals. 1 pt. of rum, at $,78 a gallon?

A. $46,897 4 qts. cost? A. $45,1567. 7. At $4,75 a yard, what will 26 yds. 2 qrs. of broadcloth A. $125,87

6. At $1,25 a bushel, what will 36 bu. 0 pk.

cost?

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8. At 2£. 10 s. a cwt., what will 6 cwt. 3 qrs. of rice cost? 2£. 10 s.=2,5€., and 6 cwt. 3 qrs.=6,75 cwt.; then, 6,75 X 2,5=16,875£. X 2017,5 s. X 12 6 d. A. 16£. 17 s. 6 d. 9. What will 6 gallons 2 qts. of brandy cost, in pounds, at la shillings a gallon? A. 4£. 17 s. 6 d

REDUCTION OF CURRENCIES.

1 LX. An apology may by some be deemed necessary for the omission, in this work, of much that is contained in other. treatises, respecting what is called the currencies of the differ ent United States." The author, however, deems it rather necessary to apologize for introducing the subject at all. Thom merely nominal currencies, originally derived from Great Britain, have long been obsolete in law, and ought to become so in practice. So long, however, as that practice continues, it may be necessary to retain a brief notice of it in elementary works.

Note. It was not intended that the following Table should be exact in every particular to a mill, but enough so to correspond with the pecuniary calcula tions current among men of business; and, as such, it will be committed to memory more easily.

The design of the Table is not that it should be learned by rote, hut by actual calculations from a few data: thus, as I farthing is of a cent; thea 0 Arthings are }. Again, ss 3 d. is 4 cents, and 38. are 50 cents, then 38. 34

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1. At 3 farthings a yard, what will 2' yards of tape cost in 'cents?

2. What will 2 sticks of twist cost, in cents, atd. a stick? Atd. a stick? Atd. a stick?

3. At 7 d. apiece, how many cents will buy 1 inkstand? Will buy 2? Will buy 3? 4? 5? 6?

4. How many cents must you pay for 2 rulers, at 9d. apiece? For 4? For 6? For 8? For 16? For 247 For 32?

5. What will 2 yards of lace come to, in cents, at 1 s. 6d a yard? What will 3 yards? What will 4 yards? What will 6 yards?

6. When oats are 3s. 6d. a bushel, how many cents wil buy 2 bushels?

7. When rye is 3s. a bushel, how many cents will buy 2 bushels? How many 3 bushels? How many 4? How many 8?

8. When corn is 4s 6 d. a bushel, what are 2 bushels worth in cents? What 4 bushels? What 8 bushels? What 12 bushels?

9. How many cents make a dollar? A. 100.

10. If a Latin Grammar cost 6 shillings, how many dollars will buy 2? How many 4? How many 6? How many 8? How many 20?

11. What will 2 barrels of flour come to, at 30 shillings per barrel? What will 3? What will 6? What will 7? 12. If you buy a book for 1 shilling and 6 pence, and give the bookseller a fifty-cent piece, how many cents in change must be give you?

13. If you buy a Latin Grammar for 4 shillings and 9 pence, and give the bookseller 1 dollar, how many cents must he pay you?

14. If you have 4 pence a week, how many weeks come to a dollar? How many to 2? How many to 3?

15. If I pay 18. 6d. for 1 meal of victuals, how many meals can I have for a dollar? For 2 dollars? For a dollar? For of a dollar? For 3 dollars? For 4?

16. When broadcloth is 12 s. a yard, for how many dollars can you buy 2 yards? How many 3? How many 5? 17. You buy a hat for 18 shilling and give the storekeeper a five dollar but; how many dollars must he give you in change?

18. How many cents are 2 s. 2d.? 28. 5d.? 2s. 7d.? 2s. 10 d.? 3 s. 1 d.? 38. 5 d.? 3 s. 8 d.? 4 s. 2 d.? 4s. 5d.? 4 s. 7 d.? 7 s. 7 d.? 9s. O d.? 10 s. 6d.? 128.? 12 s. 6 d.? 12 s. 9 d.? 13 s.?

158.?

14 s. 6 d.?

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15s. 21 s.?

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Q. What is that, which you have now been doing, called ?
A. Reduction of Currencies.

Q. Are pounds, shillings, pence and farthings the same in all Countries?

A. They are the same in name, but not in value.

Q. What was their value formerly in England and her America Colonies?

A. The same.

Q. What has occasioned the difference in value?

A. The legislatures of these colonies emitted, or put in circulation, bills, which depreciated in value in various degrees.

Q. What is the number of shillings, which it takes in any state, make a dollar, called?

A. The currency of that state.

Q. How many shillings make a dollar in the New England States, Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee ?

A. 6 shillings.

Q. What name does the currency of these states take?
A. The New England currency.

NEW ENGLAND CURRENCY.-To reduce this Currency to
Federal Money, and Federal Money again to the same Currency,—
Q. What part of a pound is $1, or 6s. of this currency?
A.; decimally,=,3.

1. How many dollars in 3£ 8s. 3 d.?

By reducing 3£. 8 s. 3 d. to decimals, by T LVIII., we have 3,4125£. Now, since every 3 of a pound is a dollar, it is evident, that, as many times as,3 is contained in 3,4125£., so many dollars there will be, thus :

OPERATION.

3)3,4125

$11,375, Ans.

The pupil must recollect that, in division of decimals, there must be the same num ber of decimals in the divisor and quotient that there is in the dividend. There are 4 in the dividend, and 1 in the divisor; conse quently, there must be 3 pointed off in the quotient.

2. How many pounds in $11,375?

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This example being the reverse of the last, it is evident that we must multiply by 3.

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